User:ZKW23/Blackford Hill
| Blackford hill | |
|---|---|
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| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 164 m (538 ft) |
| Geography | |
| Location | Edinburgh, Scotland |
| Topo map | OS Landranger 66 |
| Climbing | |
| Easiest route | Start at the arch near Kings Buildings and walk up past the observatory, or drive to the observatory car park. |
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Blackford Hill 164 metres (538 ft) is a hill in Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland. It is in the area of Blackford, between Morningside, and the Braid Hills. Together with the Hermitage of Braid, it comprises the 60.3 hectares (149 acres) Hermitage of Braid and Blackford Hill Local Nature Reserve, within which lies Hermitage House.[1]
Blackford Hill (164m) ist ein Hügel in Edinburgh, der Hauptstadt Schottlands. Der Hügel liegt in der Umgebung von Blackford, zwischen Morningside (Edinburgh) und den Braid Hills. Zusammen mit dem Hermitage of Braid umfasst es das 60,3 ha große lokale Naturreservat von Hermitage Braid und Blackford Hill, in welchem das Einsiedlerhaus (Hermitage House) steht.[1]
Geschichte[edit]
Auf dem Gipfel des Hügels gibt es eine Wallburg, welche, zusammen mit den kreisrund angelegten Festungen von anliegenden Häusern, als eine archäologische Stätte des Vereinigten Königreichs (Scheduled Monument) geschützt wird.[1][2] Blackford Hill wurde im Jahr 1884 von dem Edinburgher Großunternehmen (Edinburg Corporation) gekauft. John McDougal, der letzte Besitzer des Anwesens, schenkte der Stadt Edinburgh das angrenzende Hermitage of Braid Gut. Dadurch konnte die Einsiedelei als öffentlicher Park und Freizeitgelände für die Bürger zugänglich gemacht werden. Die Kommunalverwaltung der Stadt Edinburgh ist der Besitzer des Parks und somit primär verantwortlich für dessen Instandhaltung. Dies wird vor allem durch Parkwächter umgesetzt, welche von anderen lokalen Arbeitsgruppen wie der Einsatzgruppe und dem Försterverband unterstützt werden.[1]
History[edit]
There is an ancient hill fort on the summit area of the hill which, along with the circular foundations of some nearby houses, is protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument.[1][3] Blackford Hill was bought by the Edinburgh Corporation in 1884, and the adjacent Hermitage of Braid estate was gifted to the city of Edinburgh in 1938, by its final owner, John McDougal. The gift allowed the Hermitage to be used as "a Public Park or Recreation Ground for the benefit of the citizens." The City of Edinburgh Council retains ownership of the park and is primarily responsible for its maintenance. This is done primarily through the ranger service, with the assistance of other council teams such as Task Force and Forestry Unit.[1]
Geography[edit]
The hill has clear views over Edinburgh to the north, and the Pentland Hills to the south. It is popular with walkers, as it has many well established paths, as well as runners and other leisure users. There is a wide range of flora and fauna within a green belt area of Edinburgh
, making it an important target for conservation. Around half of the area is unimproved grassland.
The Royal Observatory, Edinburgh is located near the summit. The hilltop also features a police radio transmitter and a meteorological station. Craigmillar Park golf course is situated to the east of Blackford Hill, near the observatory, and the Midmar allotments and Blackford Pond are adjacent to the hill on the north side.
Midmar paddock is adjacent to the hill. Owned by the A. J. Laing Trust[1] proposals to develop it have attracted controversy.
Geographie[edit]
Von dem Hügel gibt es klare Aussichte über Edinburgh nach Norden und auf die Pentland Hills nach Süden. Er ist sehr beliebt für wandern, denn er hat viele fest etablierte Pfade, und auch für laufen und anderen Freizeittätigkeiten. Es gibt eine große Vielfalt an Flora und Fauna innerhalb eines Grüngürtels von Edinburgh, und deshalb ist der Hügel ein wichtiges Naturschutzgebiet. [1] Etwa die Hälfte des Gebiets ist Magerrasen. [1]
Die Sternwarte, das Royal Observatory Edinburgh, liegt in der Nähe von dem Gipfel. Es gibt auch auf dem Hügel einen Polizeifunksender und eine Wetterstation. Craigmillar Park Golfplatz befindet sich östlich des Blackford Hills und in der Nähe von der Sternwarte. Die Schrebergärten, Midmar Allotments, und ein Teich, der Blackford Pond, liegen bei dem Hügel auf der Nordseite.
Midmar Paddock befindet sich auch neben Blackford Hill. Anträge, das von dem A.J. Laing Trust besessene Land zu erschließen, haben Streit ausgelöst.
Forestry[edit]
There are around 12 hectares (30 acres) of mature woodland on the hill, as well as some new trees on a reclaimed landfill mound planted in the late 1990s as part of the Millennium Forest Community Woodland.[1]
Geology[edit]
Blackford Hill is formed from Lower Devonian volcanic rocks, lying between Upper Devonian sandstone, the northernmost extent of those found in the Pentland Hills to the South. Geologically the hill is different from the Carboniferous volcanic plugs and intrusions which form the remainder of Edinburgh's hills, with the exception of the nearby Braid Hills.
Of geological and historical interest is Agassiz Rock, a quarry-like feature, situated close to the hill, which was the first evidence of the action of glaciers to be found in Scotland, recognised by the Swiss geologist Louis Agassiz.[4] It is a Site of Special Scientific Interest.[1]
Braid Burn[edit]
The Braid Burn is the principal watercourse, flowing for some 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) through the nature reserve. It is a small river, typically around 5 metres (16 ft) wide by 20 centimetres (7.9 in) deep, although subject to significant variation. At this location it is approximately half way along its 32 kilometres (20 mi) course from a spring in the Pentland Hills, to its mouth at Portobello. There is a tunnel around 120 metres (390 ft) long in the vicinity of the House.[1]
Blackford Pond[edit]
Blackford Pond lies to the north of the hill, and is popular with families.
Weblinks[edit]
55°55′N 3°12′W / 55.917°N 3.200°W
Referenzen[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Hermitage of Braid and Blackford Hill Local Nature Reserve Management Plan" (PDF). Friends of the Hermitage of Braid. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 December 2011. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
- ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Blackford Hill, fort and settlement (SM5818)". Retrieved 12 March 2019.
- ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Blackford Hill, fort and settlement (SM5818)". Retrieved 12 March 2019.
- ^ "Blackford Hill". Gazetteer for Scotland. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
Category:Hills of Edinburgh Category:Scheduled monuments in Scotland Category:Archaeological sites in Edinburgh