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This page is about highest professional division of the Indonesian football league system. For other uses, see Liga 1.
Liga 1
Organising bodyPT Liga Indonesia Baru
Founded2008; 16 years ago (2008)
CountryIndonesia
ConfederationAFC
Number of teams18
Level on pyramid1
Relegation toLiga 2
Domestic cup(s)Piala Indonesia
International cup(s)AFC Cup
ASEAN Club Championship
Current championsBali United (1st title)
(2019)
Most championshipsPersipura (3 titles)
TV partnersList of broadcasters
Websiteligaindonesiabaru.com
Current: 2021 season

The Liga 1 (English: League One), also called BRI Liga 1 due to sponsorship by Bank Rakyat Indonesia,[1] is the highest tier of professional football in Indonesia, operating under the auspices of the PT Liga Indonesia Baru.[2]

The competition was formed as the Indonesia Super League in 2008 to modernize the competition model into a full competition format replacing Liga Indonesia Premier Division (now Liga 2) as the top division in Indonesian football. The Liga 1 operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Liga 2.

Forty teams have competed in the top-tier league of Indonesian professional football, which has gone through multiple rebranding. Since its inception, a total of seven teams have been crowned champions, with Persipura have won the most titles in league history, being crowned champions three times. Persipura also won the inaugural Indonesian Super League in 2009. The current brand of Liga 1 started in 2017.

History[edit]

Origins[edit]

Until 1979 only an amateur championship (Perserikatan) was played. After the introduction of the semi-professional Liga Sepakbola Utama (Galatama), it ran in parallel.[3] In 1994, PSSI merged Perserikatan and Galatama to formed Liga Indonesia, integrating the fanaticism in the Perserikatan and the professionalism of Galatama with the aim of improving the quality of Indonesian football. And also marks a tiered system in Indonesian football league in the level of competition.[4]

The format of group stage like Perserikatan, combined with a full competition system followed by the semifinal and final like Galatama, became a combination of Liga Indonesia competition formats.[5]

In 1994, PSSI merged teams from Perserikatan, which was a popular league for amateur clubs representing regional football associations, and Galatama, which was a less popular league made up of semi-professional teams, to form Liga Indonesia, integrating the fanaticism in the Perserikatan and the professionalism of Galatama with the aim of improving the quality of Indonesian football. This effort ushered in a tiered system in the Indonesian competitive football scene.[4] The group stage format, whch was used in Perserikatan, was combined with a full competition system followed by semifinal and final rounds like Galatama.[5]

Foundation[edit]

Modern competition era started. In 2008, PSSI organize Indonesia Super League as the new professional football league in Indonesia, replacing Indonesia Premier Division as top-tier competition in Indonesia.[4] Indonesia Super League which puts full competition format, became a new thing for Indonesian football. If previously Indonesian football was identical to the tournament competition format, now the competition champion was generated from the points obtained in the competition.[5]

The league held its first season in 2008–09. It was composed of 18 clubs for that season. The 18 inaugural members of the new Indonesia Super League were:

Originally, Persiter and Persmin were qualified as top nine in east region 2007–08 Liga Indonesia Premier Division. But they failed the verification to be inaugural members of the Indonesia Super League and their positions were replaced by PSIS and PKT.[6] The first Indonesia Super League goal was scored by Ernest Jeremiah of Persipura in a 2–2 draw against Sriwijaya.[7]

Modern competition era started in 2008 with the 2008-09 Indonesia Super League. The first season had 18 clubs. The first Indonesia Super League goal was scored by Ernest Jeremiah of Persipura in a 2–2 draw against Sriwijaya F.C..[8] The 18 inaugural members of the new Indonesia Super League were Persipura, Persiwa, Persib, Persik, Sriwijaya, Persela, Persija, PSM, Pelita Jaya, Arema, Persijap, Persiba, PKT Bontang, Persitara, PSMS, Deltras, Persita, and PSIS. Originally, Persiter and Persmin were qualified to register but they failed the verification requirements to be inaugural members of the Indonesia Super League.[9]

Dualism era[edit]

Further information: Liga Primer Indonesia

In 2011, a rebel league, Liga Primer Indonesia was formed. The league was managed by Konsorsium Liga Premier Indonesia and PT Liga Primer Indonesia that was not recognized by the PSSI. PSM, Persema, and Persibo joined as defectors from Indonesia Super League. That competition was then stopped during the half-season break.[10]

After the inauguration of the new PSSI board, member of Executive Committee and Chairman of the Competition Committee of PSSI, Sihar Sitorus, appointed PT Liga Prima Indonesia Sportindo as new league operator replacing PT Liga Indonesia because the latter didn't provide an accountability report to the PSSI and announced Indonesia Premier League as the new top level competition in Indonesia.[11]

But the problem arose when Sihar Sitorus said the competition would be divided into two regions and there would be an addition of six clubs in the top division which caused many members to be dissatisfied with it. Therefore, there were defections of 14 Indonesia Premier League contestants to Indonesia Super League. 2011–12 Indonesia Super League keep rolling as illegal competition that is not recognized by FIFA and AFC.[11]

In PSSI Extraordinary Congress on 17 March 2013, it was decided that Indonesia Super League would once again emerge as the top level competition as an unification league following the disbandment of the Indonesian Premier League after finishing the 2013 season by holding the play-offs. The best seven teams followed the verification to be in the unified league, but only Semen Padang, Persiba Bantul, Persijap, and PSM that passed the verification while Perseman, Persepar, and Pro Duta failed, making 2014 season followed by 22 teams.[12]

Further information: Liga Primer Indonesia and Indonesian Premier League

As the football scene in Indonesia is heavily politicized with rival factions upending each other, conflict was the norm before the 2017 Liga 1 competition started. The worst conflict occurred in 2011. After the inauguration of the new PSSI board in 2011, a member of PSSI's Executive Committee and chairman of its Competition Committee, Sihar Sitorus, appointed PT Liga Prima Indonesia Sportindo as the new league operator replacing PT Liga Indonesia because the latter failed to provide an accountability report to the PSSI. Sitorus, one of many politicians in the PSSI, announced the Indonesia Premier League as the new top-level competition in Indonesia. Upon the emergence of IPL, PSSI did not recognize the validity of ISL. ISL regulars PSM, Persema, and Persibo, which had boycotted the ISL operators due to referee and management decisions, gladly defected to join IPL along with splinters of existing ISL teams. However, the 2011 IPL season was stopped half-season, due to the rise of a rebel PSSI faction. IPL restarted in late 2011 for the 2011-12 season. [11]

Before the schism of PSSI, Sitorus triggered more controversy when he said the new competition would be divided into two regions and there would be an addition of six clubs in the top division, which angered many association members. Thus, 14 teams that supposed to be Indonesia Premier League contestants chose to support the Indonesia Super League that continued to roll under the support of the PSSI rebel faction despite being labeled as an illegal competition. The official PSSI, supported by FIFA and AFC, did not recognize the ISL for two seasons. In the meantime, the Indonesian Premier League became the top-tier league from 2011 to 2013 with only 11 teams.[11]

In PSSI's extraordinary congress on 17 March 2013, association members attacked the moves from Sitorus and decided that the Indonesia Super League would once again emerge as the top-level competition, following the disbandment of the Indonesian Premier League. Sihar and five other PSSi board members received punishments of non-involvement in football matters for creating the dualism that disrupted the running of competitions.

The new PSSI board also decided that the best seven teams of the 2013 Indonesian Premier League, following verification, could join the unified league. However, only Semen Padang, Persiba Bantul, Persijap, and PSM passed while Perseman, Persepar, and Pro Duta failed, making the 2014 season followed by 22 teams.[13]

Government intervention and FIFA suspension[edit]

The impact of dualism haunted Indonesian football years after consolidation. On 18 April 2015, Minister of Youth and Sports Affairs Imam Nahrawi officially banned the activities of PSSI after PSSI refused to recognize the recommendations from the Indonesian Professional Sports Agency (BOPI), an agency under the ministry, that Arema Cronus and Persebaya should not pass ISL verification because there were still other clubs using the same name. Previously, Nahrawi had sent three letters of reprimand. However, PSSI refused to answer his call until a predetermined deadline.[14] It made PSSI officially stop all competitions in 2015 season after PSSI's Executive Committee meeting on 2 May 2015 called the government intervention as a force majeure.[15]

The government intervention also led FIFA to punish Indonesia with a one-year suspension of all association football activities as the world body considers overbearing state involvement in footballing matters as a violation against its member PSSI.[16] During the suspension, some tournaments were made to fill the vacuum, starting with the Indonesia President's Cup 2015, in which Persib came out as champions, until the Bhayangkara Cup closed the series of unrecognized tournaments.

A long-term tournament with full competition format, Indonesia Soccer Championship, emerged short after. Along the way, exactly on 13 May 2016, FIFA officially revoked the suspension, following the revocation of the Indonesian ministerial decision on 10 May 2016.[17] The 2016 season continued as an unofficial competition and Persipura taking the title.[18]

Rebranded[edit]

In 2017, the competition was rebranded under a new official name, Liga 1. The name changes also applied to Premier Division (became Liga 2) and Liga Nusantara (became Liga 3).[4] The competition operator was also changed from PT Liga Indonesia (LI) to PT Liga Indonesia Baru (LIB).[19] Bhayangkara is the first champion of the competition under the new name, which they won due to head-to-head advantage against Bali United after both teams had the same points at the end of the season.[20]

Format[edit]

Competition[edit]

Currently there are 18 teams in Liga 1. During the course of a season each team plays the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents', for 34 games. Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, then head-to-head records, then goal difference, and then goals scored. If still equal, a drawing held to determine which teams is above the other.[21]

The changes in the number of teams over the years are as follows:

Period Number of teams
2008–2010 18
2010–2011 15
2011–2012 12
2013 18
2014 22
2015–present 18

Promotion and relegation[edit]

A system of promotion and relegation exists between Liga 1 and Liga 2. The three lowest placed teams in Liga 1 are relegated to Liga 2, and the top two teams from Liga 2 promoted to the Liga 1, with an additional team promoted after a third place play-off involving the losers of Liga 2 semifinals.

Past winners[edit]

See also: List of Indonesian football champions
Season Winner Runner-up
2008–09 Persipura Persiwa
2009–10 Arema Indonesia Persipura
2010–11 Persipura Arema Indonesia
2011–12 Semen Padang Persebaya 1927
2013 Persipura Arema Indonesia
2014 Persib Persipura
2015 Competition abandoned due to a ban by the sports minister
2016 Not held due to a ban by FIFA
2017 Bhayangkara Bali United
2018 Persija PSM
2019 Bali United Persebaya
2020 Competition abandoned due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Notes:
  • Name of teams at that season. A number of team name were changed later.

Performances[edit]

Team Winners Runners-up Season won Season runner-up
Persipura 3 2 2008–09, 2010–11, 2013 2009–10, 2014
Arema 1 2 2009–10 2010–11, 2013
Bali United 1 1 2019 2017
Semen Padang 1 0 2011–12
Persib 1 0 2014
Bhayangkara Solo 1 0 2017
Persija 1 0 2018
Persebaya 0 2 2011–12, 2019
Persiwa 0 1 2008–09
PSM 0 1 2018

Teams[edit]

For more details see List of football clubs in Indonesia

A total of 40 teams have played in the league from its inception in 2008 up to and including the 2021 season.

Current teams[edit]

The following 18 teams will be competing in the Liga 1 during the 2021 season.

Team Position in
2019 season 		First season Number of
seasons 		Titles Most recent
title 		Notes
Arema 9th 2008–09 11 1 2009–10 [α]
Bali United 1st 2009–10 10 1 2019 [β]
Barito Putera 13th 2013 8
Bhayangkara Solo 4th 2014 7 1 2017 [γ]
Borneo 7th 2015 6 [δ]
Madura United 5th 2008–09 11 [ε]
Persebaya 2nd 2009–10 6 [ζ]
Persela 11th 2008–09 11
Persib 6th 2008–09 11 1 2014
Persija 10th 2008–09 11 1 2018
Persik 1st in the Liga 2 2008–09 5
Persikabo 1973 15th 2013 8 [η]
Persipura 3rd 2008–09 11 3 2013
Persiraja 3rd in the Liga 2 2011–12 3
Persita 2nd in the Liga 2 2008–09 5
PSIS 14th 2008–09 5
PSM 12th 2008–09 10
PSS 8th 2019 3
Notes:
  • "Number of seasons" counted as of the start of the 2021 season.

Former teams[edit]

The following teams will not be competing in the Liga 1 during the 2021 season, but have previously competed in the Liga 1 for at least one season.

Team Current league First season Number of
seasons 		Most recent
season 		Titles Most recent
title 		Notes
Arema Indonesia Liga 3 2011–12 1 2011–12 [θ]
Badak Lampung Liga 2 2014 5 2019 [ι]
Bontang Liga 3 2008–09 4 2011–12
Deltras Liga 3 2008–09 2 2010–11
Gresik United Liga 3 2013 4 2017
Kalteng Putra Liga 2 2019 1 2019
Mitra Kukar Liga 2 2013 5 2018
Persema Liga 3 2009–10 2 2011–12
Persepam Liga 3 2013 2 2014
Persiba Liga 2 2008–09 7 2017
Persiba Bantul Liga 3 2011–12 2 2014
Persibo Liga 3 2011–12 1 2011–12
Persidafon Liga 3 2013 1 2013
Persija (IPL) Defunct[23] 2011–12 1 2011–12 [κ]
Persijap Liga 2 2008–09 5 2014
Persitara Liga 3 2008–09 2 2009–10
Persiwa Liga 3 2008–09 4 2013
PSMS Liga 2 2008–09 2 2018
PSMS (IPL) Defunct[25] 2011–12 1 2011–12 [λ]
PSPS Riau Liga 3 2009–10 3 2013
Semen Padang Liga 2 2010–11 6 2019 1 2011–12
Sriwijaya Liga 2 2008–09 8 2018

Players[edit]

Foreign players[edit]

Foreign players policy has changed multiple times since the league inception.

  • 2008–2011: 5 foreign players including 2 Asian quota.[27]
  • 2011–2012: 4 foreign players including 1 Asian quota.[28]
  • 2013: 5 foreign players including 2 Asian quota.[29]
  • 2014: 4 foreign players including 1 Asian quota and only 3 can be on the field at a time.[30]
  • 2015: 3 foreign players. All 3 players can be on the field.[31]
  • 2017: 4 foreign players including 1 Asian quota and 1 marquee player quota. All 4 players can be on the field.[32]
  • 2018–present: 4 foreign players including 1 Asian quota. All 4 players can be on the field.[33]

Awards[edit]

Notes:

  • Nationality of players at presentation of award. A number of foreign players were naturalized to play for Indonesia later in their career.
  • Name of teams at presentation of award. A number of team name were changed later.

Top scorers[edit]

Season Player Nationality Club Goals Games Rate
2008–09 Boaz Solossa  Indonesia Persipura 28 31 0.9
Cristian Gonzáles  Uruguay Persik/Persib 31 0.9
2009–10 Aldo Baretto  Paraguay Bontang 19 32 0.59
2010–11 Boaz Solossa (2)  Indonesia Persipura 23 28 0.82
2011–12 Ferdinand Sinaga  Indonesia Semen Padang 15
2013 Boaz Solossa (3)  Indonesia Persipura 25 32 0.78
2014 Emmanuel Kenmogne  Cameroon Persebaya 25 25 1
2017 Sylvano Comvalius  Netherlands Bali United 37 34 1.09
2018 Aleksandar Rakić  Serbia PS TIRA 21 34 0.62
2019 Marko Šimić  Croatia Persija 28 32 0.88

Best players[edit]

Season Player Position Nationality Club
2008–09 Boaz Solossa Forward  Indonesia Persipura
2009–10 Kurnia Meiga Goalkeeper  Indonesia Arema Indonesia
2010–11 Boaz Solossa (2) Forward  Indonesia Persipura
2011–12 Hengky Ardiles Defender  Indonesia Semen Padang
2013 Boaz Solossa (3) Forward  Indonesia Persipura
2014 Ferdinand Sinaga Forward  Indonesia Persib
2017 Paulo Sérgio Midfielder  Portugal Bhayangkara
2018 Rohit Chand Midfielder    Nepal Persija
2019 Renan Silva Midfielder  Brazil Borneo

Best young players[edit]

Season Player Nationality Club
2013 Syakir Sulaiman  Indonesia Persiba
2017 Rezaldi Hehanusa  Indonesia Persija
2018 Osvaldo Haay  Indonesia Persebaya
2019 Todd Ferre  Indonesia Persipura

Best coaches[edit]

Season Coach Nationality Club
2013 Jacksen F. Tiago  Brazil Persipura
2018 Stefano Cugurra  Brazil Persija
2019 Stefano Cugurra (2)  Brazil Bali United

Best goalkeepers[edit]

Season Player Nationality Club
2013 Yoo Jae-hoon  South Korea Persipura

Best goals[edit]

Season Player Nationality Team Score Opponent Date
2017 Septian David  Indonesia Mitra Kukar 1–1 Persiba 10 November 2017
2019 David da Silva  Brazil Persebaya 2–0 Arema 12 December 2019
  • The score at the time of the goal. Player's team's score listed first.
  • Italics indicates the home team.

Fair play teams[edit]

Season Club
2017 Perseru
2018 Barito Putera
2019 TIRA-Persikabo

Best referees[edit]

Season Referee
2017 Musthofa Umarella
2018 Thoriq Alkatiri
2019 Yudi Nurcahya

Liga 1 clubs in Asia[edit]

Main article: Indonesian football clubs in Asian competitions

Traditionally, Liga 1 clubs have done particularly well in the AFC Cup. Persipura (2011), Arema (2012), and Semen Padang (2013) managed to reach the quarter-finals of the AFC Cup before being knocked-out by Arbil (Iraq), Al-Ettifaq (Saudi Arabia), and East Bengal (India) respectively. Persipura is the only Liga 1 club to reach the AFC Cup semi-finals in 2014 but lost to eventual winner Al-Qadsia of Kuwait.[34] Persija in 2018 and PSM in 2019 were the only two teams manage to reach ASEAN Zonal semi-finals so far in the new format of AFC Cup introduced in 2017.[35]

In the AFC Champions League however, no Liga 1 club has ever managed to make it past the group stage.

AFC Champions League[edit]

Name of teams at participation. A number of team name were changed later.

Season Participants Final Pos.
2010 Persipura 4th in Group stage
Sriwijaya Qualifying play-off
2011 Arema Indonesia 4th in Group stage
Sriwijaya Qualifying play-off
2012 Persipura Qualifying play-off
2015 Persib Preliminary round 2
2018 Bali United Preliminary round 2
2019 Persija Preliminary round 2
2020 Bali United Preliminary round 2

AFC Cup[edit]

Name of teams at participation. A number of team name were changed later.

Season Participants Final Pos.
2010 Persiwa Group stage
Sriwijaya Round of 16
2011 Persipura Quarter-finals
Sriwijaya Round of 16
2012 Arema Indonesia Quarter-finals
2013 Semen Padang Quarter-finals
Persibo Group stage
2014 Persipura Semi-finals
Arema Cronus Round of 16
2015 Persipura Round of 16
Persib Round of 16
2018 Persija Zonal semi-finals
Bali United Group stage
2019 PSM Zonal semi-finals
Persija Group stage
2020 PSM DNF
Bali United DNF
2021 Bali United TBD
Persipura TBD

Sponsorship naming[edit]

The Liga 1 has had several denominations through the years due to its sponsorship:

Media coverage[edit]

Current[edit]

Broadcaster Coverage Year Summary
Indonesia MNC Media
Indonesia Kompas Gramedia Group (KG Media) 		Pay TV 2011–12, 2014, and 2015, returned again 2020–present All 306 matches live on MNC Sports and other in-house MNC Channels in 2020.[41] In 2014 and 2015, only shows selected repeat matches on MNC Sports (MNC Media), as well as live matches on Bola Indonesia (KG Media).
Free-to-air (FTA) In 2014 and 2015, Kompas TV (exclude second round and knockout stage in 2014 and all 2015 season matches), iNews (repeat), RCTI, MNCTV, and GTV covering selected matches.
In 2020, Kompas TV (KG Media) and four televisions from MNC Media only show highlights due to pay TV from MNC Vision Networks (K-Vision (also from KG Media), MNC Vision, and MNC Play) shows the live matches.
Indonesia Emtek 2018–present Up to five matches per week live on Indosiar. Most big matches only available via analogue/digital terrestrial antenna.[42]
Up to three matches per week, live on O Channel.
Streaming Live on Vidio Premier (pay) and Free (FTA). Up to five live matches per week (including big matches) must require a subscription (live coverage only avaiable for Indonesia viewers) and non-Vidio Premier live matches (excluding big matches) available for free, with free highlights and free full coverage of 306 matches available for Indonesia and other countries via on demand (through all three Indosiar, O Channel, and Liga 1 official Vidio channels).
Indonesia Telkom Indonesia All 306 matches live, available for IndiHOME and Telkomsel viewers.[43]
Pay TV

Former[edit]

Year Broadcaster
Free-to-air (FTA) Pay TV Streaming
2008–2013[44] Indonesia ANTV
2014 Indonesia First Media and Big TV Indonesia Domikado (Second round to Final in 2014)
2015[45][46] Indonesia NET.
2017[47][48][49][50] Indonesia tvOne Indonesia Orange TV Malaysia iflix and SportsFix
2018
Indonesia Nexmedia
2019

See also[edit]

Footnotes[edit]

  1. ^ Previously known as Arema Indonesia (2009–2013) and Arema Cronus (2015–2016)
  2. ^ Previously known as Persisam Putra Samarinda (until 2013) and Putra Samarinda (2014)
  3. ^ Previously known as Persebaya (until 2015), Persebaya United, Bonek, and Surabaya United (2016), Bhayangkara Surabaya United (2016; merged with PS Polri), and Bhayangkara (until 2020)
  4. ^ Previously known as Pusamania Borneo until 2015
  5. ^ Previously known as Pelita Jaya (until 2012), Pelita Bandung Raya (2013–2014), and Persipasi Bandung Raya (2015; merged with Persipasi)
  6. ^ Previously known as Persebaya 1927 from 2011–2013
  7. ^ Previously known as Persiram (until 2015), PS TNI (2016–2017), PS TIRA (2018), and TIRA-Persikabo (2019–2021; merged with Persikabo)
  8. ^ Formed as a fraction of Arema in the league dualism era.[22]
  9. ^ Previously known as Perseru (until 2018 season)
  10. ^ Formed as a fraction of Persija in the league dualism era.[24]
  11. ^ Formed as a fraction of PSMS in the league dualism era.[26]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c "Emtek Kembali Jadi Official Broadcaster Liga 1 2020". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). 5 February 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2020. Cite error: The named reference "sponsorliga" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  2. ^ "PSSI Tunjuk PT Liga Indonesia Baru Jadi Operator Kompetisi 2017". bola.com (in Indonesian). 16 March 2017.
  3. ^ "Indonesia - List of (Semi-)Professional Champions". www.rsssf.com.
  4. ^ a b c d "Go-Jek Traveloka Liga 1". PSSI - Football Association of Indonesia (in Indonesian). Cite error: The named reference "historypssi" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b c "Sejarah Kompetisi Sepakbola di Indonesia: Dari Masa Pra-Kemerdekaan Hingga (Menuju) Liga Profesional". FourFourTwo (in Indonesian). 29 September 2016.
  6. ^ Media, Kompas Cyber (10 July 2008). "ISL, Premier League Rasa Indonesia - Kompas.com". KOMPAS.com.
  7. ^ "Mengejutkan, Boaz Selalu Cetak Gol Pertama Kompetisi Sejak Era ISL". superball.bolasport.com (in Indonesian).
  8. ^ "Mengejutkan, Boaz Selalu Cetak Gol Pertama Kompetisi Sejak Era ISL". superball.bolasport.com (in Indonesian).
  9. ^ Media, Kompas Cyber (10 July 2008). "ISL, Premier League Rasa Indonesia – Kompas.com". KOMPAS.com.
  10. ^ "Liga Primer Indonesia Dihentikan". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). 15 August 2011.
  11. ^ a b c d "IPL, ISL dan Dampak Dualisme Sepakbola Nasional oleh Mugiwara Anamisme - Kompasiana.com". www.kompasiana.com (in Indonesian). Cite error: The named reference "dualisme1" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  12. ^ "ISL dan IPL Akhirnya Bersatu" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  13. ^ "ISL dan IPL Akhirnya Bersatu" (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 7 April 2015. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  14. ^ Kardi, Dika Dania. "Kronologi Keputusan Final Pembekuan PSSI". olahraga.
  15. ^ "Force Majeur, PSSI Hentikan Semua Kompetisi". PSSI – Football Association of Indonesia (in Indonesian).
  16. ^ Salusi, Novitasari Dewi. "PSSI Disanksi FIFA". sepakbola.
  17. ^ Media, Kompas Cyber (13 May 2016). "FIFA Resmi Cabut Sanksi terhadap Indonesia – Kompas.com". KOMPAS.com.
  18. ^ "PT Liga Indonesia & Klub Sepakat Lepas Nama Indonesia Super League | Goal.com". www.goal.com (in Indonesian).
  19. ^ "PSSI Tunjuk PT Liga Indonesia Baru Jadi Operator Kompetisi 2017". bola.com.
  20. ^ "Akhir Drama Liga 1, Bhayangkara FC Juara". liputan6.com (in Indonesian).
  21. ^ "Situs Web Resmi Liga Gojek 2018 – Ofisial dari PT Liga Indonesia Baru" (pdf). liga-indonesia.id.
  22. ^ Aminudin, Muhammad. "Tentang Arema FC dan Arema Indonesia". sepakbola. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
  23. ^ "Persija IPL Akhirnya Dibubarkan". Tribunnews.com (in Indonesian).
  24. ^ "Exco PSSI Menangi Kubu Persija Versi LPI : Okezone Bola". okezone bola (in Indonesian). 30 September 2011.
  25. ^ "Kronologi Kisruh Logo dan Nama PSMS Medan". INDOSPORT.com. 3 April 2018.
  26. ^ "Klub-Klub Sepakat PSMS Jalan Di Dua Jalur | Goal.com". www.goal.com.
  27. ^ Media, Kompas Cyber (8 November 2013). "Resmi, Kuota Pemain Asing di ISL Berkurang – Kompas.com". KOMPAS.com.
  28. ^ "Di ISL, Klub Boleh Mendaftarkan 5 Pemain Asing". Persib Bandung Berita Online | simamaung.com. 2 December 2011.
  29. ^ "Kuota Pemain Asing di ISL Musim Depan Tetap Lima". Tribunnews.com (in Indonesian).
  30. ^ "Klub LSI maksimal turunkan tiga pemain asing". bolanews.com. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
  31. ^ Media, Kompas Cyber (3 November 2014). "Musim Depan, Klub ISL Hanya Boleh Pakai 3 Pemain Asing". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian).
  32. ^ "PT LIB Pastikan Klub Hanya Boleh Pakai Satu Marquee Player" (in Indonesian). bola.net. 5 April 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2017.
  33. ^ Feb 2018, Ario Yosia15; Wib, Ario Yosia15. "Ini Regulasi Pemain Asing Liga 1 2018". liputan6.com.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  34. ^ "Langkah Persipura Terhenti di Semifinal AFC Cup". Bola Tempo.co.
  35. ^ "2017 AFC Cup Competition Regulations" (PDF). AFC.
  36. ^ "ISL 2014 Kemungkinan Tanpa Sponsor Rokok" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 3 November 2014.
  37. ^ "Liga & BVSport Gandeng QNB Group" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  38. ^ "Jadi Sponsor Liga 1, Gojek-Traveloka Sumbang Rp 180 Miliar". liputan6.com.
  39. ^ "Ini Penyebab Berubahnya Titel Sponsor Liga 1 2018". liga-indonesia.id. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
  40. ^ "Ini Logo Dan Sponsor Utama Liga 1 2019 | Goal.com". www.goal.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  41. ^ "PSSI Apresiasi MNC Group Majukan Sepak Bola Indonesia". PSSI – Football Association of Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 21 February 2020.
  42. ^ Wirawan, Randy. "Resmi! Ini Stasiun TV Pemegang Hak Siar Liga 1 Indonesia 2019". Bolalob – Situsnya Anak Futsal!. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  43. ^ "IndiHome Interactive TV on Instagram: "Kabar gembira untuk kita semua! Akhirnya yang ditunggu-tunggu datang! ⁣. ⁣Liga 1 2020 sekarang sudah dapat disaksikan di UseeSports dan…"". Instagram (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-02-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  44. ^ "PT. LI (ISL)" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  45. ^ "Inilah Saluran Yang Menyiarkan Langsung ISL 2015" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 15 February 2015.
  46. ^ "MNC Group dan NET TV Pegang Hak Siar ISL 2015" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 4 April 2015.
  47. ^ "PSSI Resmi Tunjuk Pemegang Hak Siar Liga 1". Retrieved 16 April 2017.
  48. ^ "IFLIX LAUNCHES LIVE FOOTBALL STREAMING IN INDONESIA WITH TVONE" (PDF).
  49. ^ "Live di Tiga Stasiun TV, Ini Pemegang Hak Siar Liga 1 2018". Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  50. ^ "RESMI! SportsFix TV Kembali Siarkan Liga 1 Indonesia". Football Tribe Indonesia. 2018-03-21. Retrieved 2019-05-19.

External links[edit]

1 Category:2008 establishments in Indonesia Category:Sports leagues established in 2008 Indonesia

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