User:Nharwal
Epidemiology on Ankle Sprains[edit]
Ankle sprains can occur through either sports or activities of daily living, and individuals can be at higher or lower risk depending on a variety of circumstances including their homeland, race, age, sex, or profession [1] In addition, there are different types of ankle sprains such as eversion ankle sprains and inversion ankle sprains. Overall, the most common type of ankle sprain to occur is an inversion ankle sprain, where excessive plantar flexion and supination cause the anterior talofibular ligament to be affected. A study showed that for a population of Scandinavians , inversion ankle sprains accounted for 85% of all ankle sprains [2] Most ankle sprains are involved with the more active population, such as athletes and regular exercisers.
Age[edit]
In a study comparing the prevalence of ankle sprains between age, race, and sex, individuals who were aged 10-19 years old had highest incidences of ankle sprains [3] It can suggested that adolescents are more physically active, which leads to higher chances of ankle sprains. Since sports deal with high utilization of the ankle, over 50% of ankle sprains are due from sport related injuries [4]
US Military[edit]
Moreover, average ankle sprains for the general U.S. population are estimated at 5-7 ankle sprains for every 1000 person-years; however a study showed that for military cadets’ incidences for ankle sprains were about 10 times those of the general population [5]
Male vs. Female[edit]
Another study comparing gender influences on ankle sprains found that male and female counterparts had relatively the same incidence rates of ankle sprains. However, at a specific age range of 19-24 years old, males were found to have a substantial increased rate of ankle sprains than females. Furthermore, at ages 30 and over, females showed higher incidences of ankle sprains than males. [6] From this, it can be said that age and activity levels are better indicators of ankle sprain risks than gender.
References[edit]
- ^ Waterman, B. R., Owens, B. D., Davey, S., Zacchilli, M. A., & Belmont, P. J. (2010). The epidemiology of ankle sprains in the united states. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 92(13), 2279-2284.
- ^ Wester, J. U., Jespersen, S. M., Nielsen, K. D., & Neumann, L. (1996). Wobble board training after partial sprains of the lateral ligaments of the ankle: A - prospective randomized studv. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 23(5), 332-336.
- ^ Bridgman, S. A., Clement, D., Downing, A., Walley, G., Phair, I., & Maffulli, N. (2003). Population based epidemiology of ankle sprains attending accident and emergency units in the west midlands of england, and a survey of uk practice for severe ankle sprains. Emergency Medical Journal, 1(20), 508-510.
- ^ Yeung, M. S., Chan, K., So, C. H., & Yuan, W. Y. (1994). An epidemiological survey on ankle sprain. Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(2), 112-116.
- ^ Belmont, P. J., Waterman, B. R., Cameron, K. L., DeBeradino, T. M., & Owens, B. D. (2010). Epidemiology of ankle sprain at the united states military academy. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(4), 797-803.
- ^ Waterman, B. R., Owens, B. D., Davey, S., Zacchilli, M. A., & Belmont, P. J. (2010). The epidemiology of ankle sprains in the united states. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 92(13), 2279-2284.