User:Newlionthe/sandbox

2020s in spaceflight
	NASA plans to assemble a Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway as a permanent base in lunar orbit during the 2020s.
	v; t; e;

This article documents expected notable spaceflight events during the 2020s.

In 2020, NASA plans to launch the Mars 2020 rover,^[1] followed by the maiden launch of the Space Launch System (launch date to be determined, unlikely to be before late 2021);^[2] in 2023, NASA plans to carry out the first crewed flight of the Space Launch System.^[3]

The trend towards cost reduction in access to orbit is expected to continue. In 2020, Blue Origin plans the maiden flight of New Glenn with a reusable first stage.^[4] In the same year SpaceX plans to launch its new fully reusable Starship/Super Heavy system.^[5]

NASA plans a return of humans to the Moon by 2024, first by assembling a Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway in lunar orbit. A crewed exploration of Mars could follow in the mid 2030s. An uncrewed and then a crewed trip to Jupiter and Europa have been commonly contemplated, but no space agencies or companies have yet announced definite plans to launch a crewed mission further than Mars. SpaceX, a private company, has also announced plans to land humans on Mars in the mid-2020s, with the long-term goal of enabling the colonization of Mars.

India plans its first crewed flight with a spacecraft called Gaganyaan for December 2021 on a home-grown GSLV-III rocket. The mission would make India the 4th nation to launch a crewed space flight after Russia, US and China. India also plans to launch its second Mars probe, Mars Orbiter Mission 2 (Mangalyaan 2), in 2024.

The number of small satellites launched annually was expected to grow to around one thousand (2018 estimate),^[6] although SpaceX alone plans to launch more than that for its Starlink constellation (12,000 satellites from 2019 to 2027).^[7] The majority of the satellites are expected to be communication satellites in large constellations.

Orbital launches[edit]

2023[edit]


Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
March (TBD)^[8]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX

		Hakuto-R Mission 2^[9]	ispace	Selenocentric	Lunar lander and rover
2023 (TBD)^[10]	BFR			TBD (Boca Chica or Cape Canaveral/Kennedy)		SpaceX

		#dearMoon	Yusaku Maezawa	Lunar free return	Crewed lunar flyby
		Private spaceflight with 6 to 8 artists commissioned and funded by Japanese entrepreneur Yusaku Maezawa.^[10]
2023 (TBD)^[11]	PSLV			Satish Dhawan		ISRO

		Shukrayaan-1	ISRO	Cytherocentric	Venus orbiter
2023 (TBD)^[3]	SLS Block 1 Crew			Kennedy LC-39B		NASA

		Artemis 2	NASA	Lunar free-return	Second flight of Artemis program
		First crewed test flight of SLS and Orion.
2023 (TBD)^[12]	SLS Block 1 Cargo			Kennedy LC-39B		NASA

		Europa Clipper	NASA	Jovicentric	Jupiter orbiter
2023 (TBD)^[13]	Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat			Baikonur		Roscosmos

		Rezonans-MKA	Roscosmos	Tundra	Magnetospheric research
2023 (TBD)^[14]	Soyuz-5			TBD		Roscosmos

		Federatsiya-1	Roscosmos	Low Earth	Test flight
		An uncrewed test flight of Russia's new crew spacecraft.
2023 (TBD)^[15]	Vega			Kourou ELV		Arianespace

		e.Deorbit	ESA	Polar	Space debris removal
2023 (TBD)^[16]	Vega C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace

		FLEX	ESA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		Eighth mission of the ESA's Living Planet Programme.
2023 (TBD)^[17]	Vega-C or Ariane 62			Kourou ELV		Arianespace

		SMILE	CAS, ESA	Molniya orbit	Earth observation
2023 (TBD)^[18]	TBA			TBA		TBA

		SPHEREx	NASA	Low Earth (SSO)	Space observatory

2024[edit]


Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
September (TBD)^[19]	H3-24			Tanegashima LA-Y2		MHI

		Martian Moons Exploration	JAXA	Areocentric	Mars orbiter and Phobos lander
2024 (TBD)^[20]	GSLV Mk II			Satish Dhawan SLP		ISRO

		Mars Orbiter Mission 2	ISRO	Areocentric	Mars orbiter
2024 (TBD)^[21]	Long March 5			Wenchang LC-1		CASC

		Xuntian	CNSA	Low Earth	Space telescope
		Xuntian ("Heavenly Cruiser") is a planned space telescope that will orbit close to the Chinese Space Station.
2024 (TBD)^[22]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat			Baikonur		Roscosmos

		Luna 28	Roscosmos	Selenocentric	Lunar lander
2024 (TBD)^[14]	Soyuz-5			TBD		Roscosmos

		Federatsiya-1	Roscosmos	Low Earth	Test flight
		First crewed flight of the new spacecraft.
2024 (TBD)	Commercial launch vehicle			Cape Canaveral/Kennedy Space Center		NASA

		TBD (Blue Moon or Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander)	NASA	Selenocentric	Lunar lander
		This mission (alongside Artemis 3) will send a lander to land two astronauts on the Moon.
2024 (TBD)	SLS Block 1B			KSC LC-39B		NASA

		Orion	NASA	Cislunar space	Crewed lunar landing
		Artemis 3 mission to land astronauts on the Moon, will meet the lunar lander in lunar orbit.

2025[edit]


Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
2025 (TBD)^[22]^[23]	Proton-M / DM-03			Baikonur		Roscosmos

		Spektr-UV^[24]	INASAN	Geosynchronous	Ultraviolet astronomy

2026[edit]


Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
2026 (TBD)^[22]	Angara-A5 / KVTK			Baikonur		Roscosmos

		Luna 29	Roscosmos	Selenocentric	Lunar lander
2026 (TBD)^[25]	Soyuz-STB / Fregat-MT			Kourou ELS		Arianespace

		PLATO	ESA	Sun–Earth L₂	Exoplanetary science
2026 (TBD)^[26]	TBD			TBD		TBD

		Dragonfly	NASA	Heliocentric (to Saturn)	Exploration of Titan
		Rotorcraft probe to fly in the atmosphere of Saturn's moon Titan.

2028[edit]


Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
2028 (TBD)^[27]^[28]	Ariane 62			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace

		ARIEL	ESA	Sun–Earth L₂	Exoplanetary science
		Comet Interceptor	ESA / JAXA	Sun–Earth L₂	Comet flyby

Deep-space rendezvous after 2022[edit]

Date (UTC)	Spacecraft	Event
20 June 2023	BepiColombo	Third gravity assist at Mercury
21 August 2023	Parker Solar Probe	Sixth gravity assist at Venus
24 September 2023	OSIRIS-REx	Sample return to Earth
5 September 2024	BepiColombo	Fifth gravity assist at Mercury
6 November 2024	Parker Solar Probe	Seventh gravity assist at Venus
2 December 2024	BepiColombo	Third gravity assist at Mercury
24 December 2024	Parker Solar Probe	22nd perihelion, closest approach to the Sun
9 January 2025	BepiColombo	Sixth gravity assist at Mercury
5 December 2025	BepiColombo	Hermocentric orbit insertion at Mercury

References[edit]

^ Krebs, Gunter. "Atlas-5". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
^ "NASA's large SLS rocket unlikely to fly before at least late 2021". 17 July 2019.
^ ^a ^b "NASA's Deep Space Exploration System is Coming Together". NASA. 8 March 2019.
^ Henry, Caleb (12 September 2017). "Blue Origin enlarges New Glenn's payload fairing, preparing to debut upgraded New Shepard". SpaceNews. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
^ Henry, Caleb (28 June 2019). "SpaceX targets 2021 commercial Starship launch". SpaceNews. Retrieved 29 June 2019.
^ "Smallsat Growth On Shaky Foundations". Northern Sky Research. 19 February 2019. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
^ Henry, Caleb (26 April 2019). "FCC OKs lower orbit for some Starlink satellites". SpaceNews. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
^ Gebhardt, Chris (23 August 2019). "ispace alters Moon mission timelines for greater response to customer needs". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
^ "Mission Timeline Adjustment for the HAKUTO-R Program". ispace. 22 August 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
^ ^a ^b "SpaceX will send Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa to the Moon".
^ Pietrobon, Steven (2 September 2017). "Indian Launch Manifest". Retrieved 2 September 2017.
^ Sloss, Philip (11 September 2018). "NASA updates Lunar Gateway plans". NASASpaceFlight.com. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
^ "Запуск спутника "Резонанс-МКА" перенесли на два года" [Rezonans-MKA launch has been delayed by two years] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 3 July 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
^ ^a ^b "Источник назвал разработчика системы управления для новой ракеты "Союз-5"" [Source named the developer of Soyuz-5 control system] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 21 December 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
^ "E.DEORBIT Mission". ESA. 12 April 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
^ "Thales Alenia Space leads the build of photosynthesis mission". ESA. 18 January 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
^ "SMILE: Summary". UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
^ Cofield, Calla; Cole, Steve (13 February 2019). "NASA Selects New Mission to Explore Origins of Universe". NASA. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
^ MMX Homepage. JAXA, 2017
^ Jatiya, Satyanarayan (18 July 2019). "Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 2955". Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 August 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
^ Pietrobon, Steven (3 August 2017). "Chinese Launch Manifest". Retrieved 3 August 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c Pietrobon, Steven (31 August 2019). "Russian Launch Manifest". Retrieved 5 September 2019.
^ "«Научная программа проекта «Спектр-УФ»»" [Spectrum-UV Project Scientific Program] (PDF). Russian Academy of Sciences (in Russian). 2 April 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2019.
^ Krebs, Gunter. "Spektr-UF (Spektr-UV, SUV, World Space Observatory Ultraviolet, WSO-UV)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 5 September 2019.
^ "Construction of Europe's exoplanet hunter PLATO begins". ESA. 4 October 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
^ Wall, Mike. "NASA Is Sending a Life-Hunting Drone to Saturn's Huge Moon Titan". Space.com. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
^ "ESA's next science mission to focus on nature of exoplanets". ESA. 20 March 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
^ Lakdawalla, Emily (21 June 2019). "ESA to Launch Comet Interceptor Mission in 2028". The Planetary Society. Retrieved 9 August 2019.

External links[edit]

Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.^{[dead link]}
Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
"ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
"NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
"Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.^{[dead link]}
"Space Information Center". JAXA.^{[dead link]}
"Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).

Generic references:

Spaceflight portal

[gunter-atlas5-1] Krebs, Gunter. "Atlas-5". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 3 August 2017.

[2] "NASA's large SLS rocket unlikely to fly before at least late 2021". 17 July 2019.

[launch2023b-3] "NASA's Deep Space Exploration System is Coming Together". NASA. 8 March 2019.

[sn20170912-4] Henry, Caleb (12 September 2017). "Blue Origin enlarges New Glenn's payload fairing, preparing to debut upgraded New Shepard". SpaceNews. Retrieved 17 January 2018.

[5] Henry, Caleb (28 June 2019). "SpaceX targets 2021 commercial Starship launch". SpaceNews. Retrieved 29 June 2019.

[6] "Smallsat Growth On Shaky Foundations". Northern Sky Research. 19 February 2019. Retrieved 22 February 2019.

[7] Henry, Caleb (26 April 2019). "FCC OKs lower orbit for some Starlink satellites". SpaceNews. Retrieved 5 August 2019.

[8] Gebhardt, Chris (23 August 2019). "ispace alters Moon mission timelines for greater response to customer needs". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 27 August 2019.

[9] "Mission Timeline Adjustment for the HAKUTO-R Program". ispace. 22 August 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019.

[Yusaku-20180917-10] "SpaceX will send Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa to the Moon".

[india-11] Pietrobon, Steven (2 September 2017). "Indian Launch Manifest". Retrieved 2 September 2017.

[nsf-20180911-12] Sloss, Philip (11 September 2018). "NASA updates Lunar Gateway plans". NASASpaceFlight.com. Retrieved 17 September 2018.

[13] "Запуск спутника "Резонанс-МКА" перенесли на два года" [Rezonans-MKA launch has been delayed by two years] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 3 July 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2018.

[ria-20181221-14] "Источник назвал разработчика системы управления для новой ракеты "Союз-5"" [Source named the developer of Soyuz-5 control system] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 21 December 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2018.

[e.Deorbit-15] "E.DEORBIT Mission". ESA. 12 April 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2017.

[16] "Thales Alenia Space leads the build of photosynthesis mission". ESA. 18 January 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019.

[17] "SMILE: Summary". UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory. Retrieved 19 December 2018.

[nasa20190213-18] Cofield, Calla; Cole, Steve (13 February 2019). "NASA Selects New Mission to Explore Origins of Universe". NASA. Retrieved 13 February 2019.

[19] MMX Homepage. JAXA, 2017

[RS_20190718-20] Jatiya, Satyanarayan (18 July 2019). "Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 2955". Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 August 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2019.

[china-21] Pietrobon, Steven (3 August 2017). "Chinese Launch Manifest". Retrieved 3 August 2017.

[russia-22] Pietrobon, Steven (31 August 2019). "Russian Launch Manifest". Retrieved 5 September 2019.

[23] "«Научная программа проекта «Спектр-УФ»»" [Spectrum-UV Project Scientific Program] (PDF). Russian Academy of Sciences (in Russian). 2 April 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2019.

[24] Krebs, Gunter. "Spektr-UF (Spektr-UV, SUV, World Space Observatory Ultraviolet, WSO-UV)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 5 September 2019.

[esa-20181004-25] "Construction of Europe's exoplanet hunter PLATO begins". ESA. 4 October 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2019.

[26] Wall, Mike. "NASA Is Sending a Life-Hunting Drone to Saturn's Huge Moon Titan". Space.com. Retrieved 28 June 2019.

[27] "ESA's next science mission to focus on nature of exoplanets". ESA. 20 March 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2019.

[28] Lakdawalla, Emily (21 June 2019). "ESA to Launch Comet Interceptor Mission in 2028". The Planetary Society. Retrieved 9 August 2019.

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v t e Timeline of spaceflight
Spaceflight before 1951
1950s	1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959
1960s	1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969
1970s	1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979
1980s	1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989
1990s	1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
2000s	2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
2010s	2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
2020s	2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
Future

v t e Timeline of spaceflight
Spaceflight before 1951
1950s	1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959
1960s	1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969
1970s	1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979
1980s	1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989
1990s	1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
2000s	2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
2010s	2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
2020s	2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
Future

v t e ← 2019 Orbital launches in 2020 2021 →
January	Starlink V1.0-L2 (60 satellites) TJS-5 Jilin-1 Kuanfu-01, ÑuSat 7, ÑuSat 8 Eutelsat Konnect, GSAT-30 Starlink V1.0-L3 (60 satellites) USA-294
February	OneWeb L2 (34 satellites) IGS-Optical 7 Solar Orbiter (TechEdSat-10) Cygnus NG-13 Starlink V1.0-L4 (60 satellites) JCSAT-17 Meridian-M 9
March	SpaceX CRS-20 (Lynk 04) BeiDou-3 G2Q Kosmos 2545 / GLONASS-M 760 Starlink V1.0-L5 (60 satellites) OneWeb L3 (34 satellites) Yaogan 30-06 (3 satellites) USA-298 / AEHF-6
April	Soyuz MS-16 Noor Starlink V1.0-L6 (60 satellites) Progress MS-14
May	Chinese next-generation crewed spacecraft / Flexible Inflatable Cargo Return Module Xingyun-2 01, 02 X-37B OTV-6 / FalconSAT-8 HTV-9 EKS-4 LauncherOne†, Starshine 4† XJS-G, XJS-H Crew Dragon Demo-2
June	Starlink 7 (60 satellites) Starlink 8 (58 satellites)
July	Gaofen DUOMO Flock-4e × 5† Shiyan 6-02 Ofek-16 Apstar 6D Jilin-1 Gaofen-02E† USA-305, USA-306, USA-307, USA-308 Emirates Mars Mission ANASIS-II Tianwen-1 (Zhurong) Progress MS-15 Ziyuan III-03 Mars 2020 (Perseverance, Ingenuity) Ekspress-80, Ekspress-103
August	Gaofen 9-04 Starlink V1.0-L9 (57 satellites), BlackSky Global 7, BlackSky Global 8 BSAT-4b, Galaxy 30, MEV-2 Starlink V1.0-L10 (58 satellites), SkySat × 3 Gaofen 9-05 SAOCOM 1B Capella 2, Photon First Light
September	ION-SCV 001 (Flock-4v × 12), ÑuSat 6, UPM-Sat 2, Flock-4v × 14, Lemur-2 × 8, NAPA-1, SpaceBEE × 12 Starlink V1.0-L11 (60 satellites) Chongfu Shiyong Shiyan Hangtian Qi Gaofen 11-02 Jilin-1 Gaofen-02C† Jilin-1 Gaofen-03B × 6, Jilin-1 Gaofen-03C × 3 HaiYang 2C Huanjing 2A, Huanjing 2B Gonets-M × 3, ICEYE X6, ICEYE X7, Kepler 4, Kepler 5, LacunaSat-3, Lemur-2 × 4
October	Cygnus NG-14 (Lemur-2 × 2, SPOC) Starlink V1.0-L12 (60 satellites) Gaofen-13 Soyuz MS-17 Starlink V1.0-L13 (60 satellites) Starlink V1.0-L14 (60 satellites) Kosmos 2547 / GLONASS-K 15L Yaogan 30-07 (3 satellites) Flock-4e' × 9
November	USA-309 / GPS IIIA-04 ÑuSat × 10 EOS-01 / RISAT-2BR2, KSM × 4, Lemur-2 × 4 Tiantong-1 02 USA-310 / NROL-101 SpaceX Crew-1 SEOSat-Ingenio†, TARANIS† Landmapper-BC 5, SpaceBEE × 18 Sentinel-6 Chang'e 5 Starlink V1.0 L15 (60 satellites)
December	Gonets-M × 3, Kosmos 2548 / ERA-1 Gaofen 14 SpaceX CRS-21 (Nanoracks Bishop Airlock) GECAM A, GECAM B USA-311 / Orion 10 SXM-7 CMS-01 / GSAR-12R OneWeb L4 (36 satellites) USA-312, USA-313 Yaogan 33 CSO-2
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).