User:Mr. Ibrahem/Tolbutamide

Mr. Ibrahem/Tolbutamide
Clinical data
Trade names	Orinase, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682481
License data	US FDA: Tolbutamide;
Pregnancy; category	AU: C; ;
Routes of; administration	By mouth (tablet)
Drug class	Sulfonylurea
Legal status
Legal status	UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	96%
Metabolism	Liver (CYP2C19-mediated)
Elimination half-life	4.5 to 6.5 hours
Excretion	Kidney
Identifiers
	IUPAC name N-[(Butylamino)carbonyl]-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C12H18N2O3S
Molar mass	270.35 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Melting point	128.5 to 129.5 °C (263.3 to 265.1 °F)
	SMILES O=S(=O)(c1ccc(cc1)C)NC(=O)NCCCC;
	InChI InChI=1S/C12H18N2O3S/c1-3-4-9-13-12(15)14-18(16,17)11-7-5-10(2)6-8-11/h5-8H,3-4,9H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,15) ; Key:JLRGJRBPOGGCBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(verify)

Tolbutamide is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes.^[1] It is a second line treatment after metformin.^[1] It is taken by mouth.^[1] Effects may last for up to 24 hrs.^[1]

Common side effects include nausea, itchiness, and rash.^[1] Other side effect may include low blood sugar.^[1] Those with liver or kidney problems have more frequent side effects.^[1] Use in pregnancy is not generally recommended.^[2] It is a sulfonylurea.^[1] It works by stimulating the release of insulin by the pancreas.^[1]

Tolbutamide was discovered in 1956 and approved for medical use in 1957.^[3]^[1] It is available as a generic medication.^[2] In the United States 100 tablets of 500 mg costs about 92 USD as of 2021.^[4] This amount in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £73.^[2]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m "Tolbutamide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 17 August 2019. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c BNF (80 ed.). BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. September 2020 – March 2021. p. 749. ISBN 978-0-85711-369-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
^ Walker SR (2012). Trends and Changes in Drug Research and Development. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 109. ISBN 9789400926592. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10. Retrieved 2020-11-29.
^ "Tolbutamide Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2021.

[AHFS2021-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m "Tolbutamide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 17 August 2019. Retrieved 5 October 2021.

[BNF80-2] BNF (80 ed.). BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. September 2020 – March 2021. p. 749. ISBN 978-0-85711-369-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)

[Wal2012-3] Walker SR (2012). Trends and Changes in Drug Research and Development. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 109. ISBN 9789400926592. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10. Retrieved 2020-11-29.

[4] "Tolbutamide Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2021.

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