User:Mr. Ibrahem/Pentazocine

Mr. Ibrahem/Pentazocine
Clinical data
Trade names	Talwin, others
Other names	Pentazocine hydrochloride, pentazocine lactate
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
Pregnancy; category	AU: C; ;
Routes of; administration	By mouth, IV, IM
Drug class	Opioid
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S8 (Controlled drug); CA: Schedule I; DE: Anlage III (Special prescription form required); US: Schedule IV;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	~20% by mouth
Metabolism	Liver
Onset of action	By mouth: 15 min
Elimination half-life	2 to 3 hours
Duration of action	At least 3 hrs
Excretion	Kidney
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (2RS,6RS,11RS)-6,11-dimethyl-3-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-2,6-methano-3-benzazocin-8-ol; or; 2-dimethylallyl-5,9-dimethyl-2'-hydroxybenzomorphan;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C19H27NO
Molar mass	285.431 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES Oc1ccc3c(c1)[C@]2([C@H]([C@H](N(CC2)C\C=C(/C)C)C3)C)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C19H27NO/c1-13(2)7-9-20-10-8-19(4)14(3)18(20)11-15-5-6-16(21)12-17(15)19/h5-7,12,14,18,21H,8-11H2,1-4H3/t14-,18+,19+/m0/s1 ; Key:VOKSWYLNZZRQPF-GDIGMMSISA-N ;
	(verify)

Pentazocine, sold under the brand name Talwin among others, is a opioid used to treat moderate to severe pain.^[1] It may be taken by mouth or used by injection.^[1] Onset of effects begin with 30 min when taken by mouth and last for more than 3 hours.^[1] It is generally a less preferred medication.^[3]

Common side effects include dizziness, felling high, sleepiness, and nausea.^[1] Other side effects may include seizures, abuse, insufficient breathing (respiratory depression), serotonin syndrome, and adrenal insufficiency.^[1] It should not be used in people with opioid dependence as may precipitate opioid withdrawal.^[3] It is a partial agonist of the opioid receptor.^[1]

Pentazocine was patented in 1960 and approved for medical use in 1964.^[4] It is available as a generic medication.^[3] In the United States 120 tablets of 50 mg costs about 80 USD as of 2021.^[5] This amount in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £12o.^[3] The tables come combined with naloxone to try to decrease misuse.^[1]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k "Pentazocine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 23 February 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
^ Stitzel RE (2004). Modern pharmacology with clinical applications (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 325. ISBN 9780781737623. Archived from the original on 2021-10-21. Retrieved 2021-10-04.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 489. ISBN 978-0857114105.
^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 527. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2021-10-04.
^ "Pentazocine / Naloxone Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips - GoodRx". GoodRx. Archived from the original on 14 June 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2021.

[AHFS2021-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k "Pentazocine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 23 February 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2021.

[2] Stitzel RE (2004). Modern pharmacology with clinical applications (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 325. ISBN 9780781737623. Archived from the original on 2021-10-21. Retrieved 2021-10-04.

[BNF81-3] BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 489. ISBN 978-0857114105.

[Fis2006-4] Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 527. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2021-10-04.

[5] "Pentazocine / Naloxone Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips - GoodRx". GoodRx. Archived from the original on 14 June 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2021.

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