User:Mr. Ibrahem/Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine

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"Oxford/AstraZeneca", "Oxford vaccine", "AstraZeneca vaccine", and "Covishield" redirect here. For other vaccination topics, see AstraZeneca, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, and Oxford Vaccine Group.
Mr. Ibrahem/Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine
A vial of COVID-19 vaccine AstraZeneca
Vaccine description
TargetSARS-CoV-2
Vaccine typeViral vector
Clinical data
Trade namesVaxzevria,[1] Covishield[2][3]
Other namesVerity, AZD1222,[4][5]
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19,[6]
ChAdOx1-S,[7]
COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca,[8][9]
AZD2816[10]
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		Intramuscular
Drug classCOVID-19 vaccine[1]
Legal status
Legal status
Full list of Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine authorizations

Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, sold under the brand names Covishield and Vaxzevria, is a COVID-19 vaccine.[1][22] It is used in people over the age of 17 to prevent COVID-19.[1] The initial trials found that it decreases the risk of symptomatic COVID-19 by 60 to 74%.[1] Some countries have limited its use to older people due to concerns of side effects in younger people.[23] The vaccine is given as two doses 4 to 12 weeks apart by injection into a muscle.[1]

Most side effects are mild to moderate and resolve within a few days.[1] These may include injection site pain, headache, tiredness, muscle pain, and nausea.[1] Rare side effects may include low platelets, facial palsy, blood clots, Guillain-Barré syndrome, anaphylaxis, and capillary leak syndrome.[1] There is no evidence of specific harms with use in pregnancy, though such use has not been well studied.[24] It is a viral vector vaccine, meaning that it is made up of another virus (adenovirus) that has been modified to contain the gene for making the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.[1]

On 30 December 2020, the vaccine was approved for use in the United Kingdom.[25] It has subsequently been authorized for use at some level in at least 182 countries as of 2022.[26] It has been approved for an Emergency Use Listing by the World Health Organization (WHO).[27] It was developed in the United Kingdom by the Oxford University and British-Swedish company AstraZeneca.[28][29] As of January 2022 more than 2.5 billion doses of the vaccine have been given worldwide.[28] It costs about 2 to 5 USD per dose.[30] The vaccine is stable at refrigerator temperatures for 6 months.[31]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Vaxzevria (previously COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca) EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 27 March 2021. Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference CA About was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ "Already produced 40–50 million dosages of Covishield vaccine, says Serum Institute". The Hindu. 28 December 2020. Archived from the original on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference AstraZeneca_PR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ "AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccine (AZD1222)" (PDF). AstraZeneca. 27 January 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  6. ^ "AstraZeneca and Oxford University announce landmark agreement for COVID-19 vaccine". AstraZeneca (Press release). 30 April 2020. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
  7. ^ a b c "COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca PI". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). Archived from the original on 2021-07-31. Retrieved 2022-01-24.
  8. ^ a b "COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 16 February 2021. Archived from the original on 18 March 2021. Retrieved 16 February 2021.
  9. ^ a b "Information for Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca". Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). 30 December 2020. Archived from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
  10. ^ "First COVID-19 variant vaccine AZD2816 Phase II/III trial participants vaccinated". Astrazeneca. 27 June 2021. Archived from the original on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  11. ^ "Summary for ARTG Entry: 349072 COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S) solution for injection multidose vial".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ^ "COVID-19 vaccine: AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 27 August 2021. Archived from the original on 23 October 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2021.
  13. ^ "Brazil grants full approval to Oxford vaccine, orders Sputnik". Brasilia: France 24. Agence France-Presse. 12 March 2021. Archived from the original on 16 March 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2021.
  14. ^ "Anvisa aprova registro da vacina da Fiocruz/AstraZeneca e de medicamento contra o coronavírus" [Anvisa approves registration of Fiocruz/AstraZeneca vaccine and drug against the coronavirus] (in Portuguese). Federal government of Brazil. Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency. 20 November 2021. Archived from the original on 20 November 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  15. ^ "Regulatory Decision Summary - Vaxzevria". Health Canada. Archived from the original on 26 November 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2021.
  16. ^ "Regulatory Decision Summary – AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccine". Health Canada. 26 February 2021. Archived from the original on 11 March 2021. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  17. ^ "AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccine monograph" (PDF). AstraZeneca. 26 February 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
  18. ^ "Conditions of Authorisation for COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca". Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). 30 December 2020. Archived from the original on 18 February 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
  19. ^ Cite error: The named reference EMA recommendation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ "European Commission authorises third safe and effective vaccine against COVID-19". European Commission (Press release). Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  21. ^ "아스트라제네카社 코로나19 백신 품목허가" [AstraZeneca's Corona 19 vaccine product license]. 식품의약품안전처 (in Korean). 식품의약품안전처. 10 February 2021. Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  22. ^ "Covishield and Covaxin: What we know about India's Covid-19 vaccines". BBC News. 4 March 2021. Archived from the original on 7 March 2021. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
  23. ^ "Spain, Belgium and Italy restrict AstraZeneca Covid vaccine to older people". The Guardian. 8 April 2021. Archived from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
  24. ^ Administration, Australian Government Department of Health Therapeutic Goods (16 February 2021). "COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). Archived from the original on 18 March 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  25. ^ "Second COVID-19 vaccine authorised by medicines regulator". GOV.UK (Press release). 30 December 2020. Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  26. ^ Holder, Josh (29 January 2021). "Tracking Coronavirus Vaccinations Around the World". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  27. ^ "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Vaccines". World Health Organization (WHO). Archived from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  28. ^ a b "One year anniversary of UK deploying Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine". gov.uk. Archived from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  29. ^ Corum, Jonathan; Zimmer, Carl (17 December 2020). "How the Oxford-AstraZeneca Vaccine Works". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  30. ^ Dyer, Owen (29 January 2021). "Covid-19: Countries are learning what others paid for vaccines". BMJ: n281. doi:10.1136/bmj.n281. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  31. ^ "Management of COVID-19 vaccine AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S) from refrigerator to administration - Vaccination". www.health.nsw.gov.au. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
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