User:Mr. Ibrahem/Omeprazole

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mr. Ibrahem/Omeprazole
Clinical data
Pronunciation/oʊˈmɛprəzoʊl/
Trade namesLosec, Prilosec, Zegerid, others[1][2]
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa693050
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth, IV
Drug classProton-pump inhibitor
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability35–76%[4][5]
Protein binding95%
MetabolismLiver (CYP2C19, CYP3A4)
Elimination half-life1–1.2 hours
Excretion80% (urine)
20% (bile via feces)
Identifiers
  • 5-Methoxy-2-[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methanesulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC17H19N3O3S
Molar mass345.42 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
ChiralityRacemic mixture
Density1.4±0.1[6] g/cm3
Melting point156 °C (313 °F)
  • CC1=CN=C(C(=C1OC)C)CS(=O)C2=NC3=C(N2)C=C(C=C3)OC
  • InChI=1S/C17H19N3O3S/c1-10-8-18-15(11(2)16(10)23-4)9-24(21)17-19-13-6-5-12(22-3)7-14(13)20-17/h5-8H,9H2,1-4H3,(H,19,20) checkY
  • Key:SUBDBMMJDZJVOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Omeprazole, sold under the brand names Prilosec and Losec among others, is a medication used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome.[1] It is also used to prevent upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people who are at high risk.[1] Omeprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and its effectiveness is similar to other PPIs.[10] It can be taken by mouth or by injection into a vein.[1][11]

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, headaches, abdominal pain, and increased intestinal gas.[1][8] Serious side effects may include Clostridium difficile colitis, an increased risk of pneumonia, an increased risk of bone fractures, and the potential of masking stomach cancer.[1] It is unclear if it is safe for use in pregnancy.[1] It works by blocking the release of stomach acid.[1]

Omeprazole was patented in 1978, and approved for medical use in 1988.[12] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[13] It is available as a generic medication.[1] The wholesale cost in the developing world as of 2014, is US$0.01 to US$0.07 per dose.[14] In the United States, it costs on average US$0.50 per pill.[15] In 2017, it was the seventh most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 58 million prescriptions.[16][17] It is also available without a prescription in the United States.[18]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Omeprazole". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 19 February 2011. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
  2. ^ "Omeprazole international". Drugs.com. 3 February 2020. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  3. ^ a b "Omeprazole Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 11 April 2019. Archived from the original on 15 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
  4. ^ "Prilosec- omeprazole magnesium capsule, delayed release Prilosec- omeprazole magnesium granule, delayed release". DailyMed. 22 December 2016. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
  5. ^ Vaz-Da-Silva, Manuel; Loureiro, Ana I.; Nunes, Teresa; Maia, Joana; Tavares, Susana; Falcão, Amilcar; Silveira, Pedro; Almeida, Luis; Soares-Da-Silva, Patricio (2005). "Bioavailability and Bioequivalence of Two Enteric-Coated Formulations of Omeprazole in Fasting and Fed Conditions". Clinical Drug Investigation. 25 (6): 391–399. doi:10.2165/00044011-200525060-00004. PMID 17532679. S2CID 22082780. Archived from the original on March 13, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
  6. ^ "Omeprazole MSDS". Archived from the original on 19 April 2017. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
  7. ^ "OMEPRAZOLE oral - Essential drugs". medicalguidelines.msf.org. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  8. ^ a b Vallerand, A.H.; Sanoski, C.A.; Deglin, J.H. (2015). Davis's Drug Guide for Nurses (14th ed.). F.A. Davis Company. pp. 924–925. ISBN 978-0-8036-4085-6. OCLC 881473728.
  9. ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  10. ^ "[99] Comparative effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors | Therapeutics Initiative". 28 June 2016. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
  11. ^ "Omeprazole 40 mg Powder for Solution for Infusion". EMC. February 10, 2016. Archived from the original on April 7, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
  12. ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 445. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
  13. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  14. ^ "Omeprazole". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Archived from the original on May 10, 2017. Retrieved October 21, 2018.[dead link]
  15. ^ "NADAC as of 2016-11-16 Data.Medicaid.gov". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on November 17, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
  16. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. 23 December 2019. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  17. ^ "Omeprazole - Drug Usage Statistics, ClinCalc DrugStats Database". ClinCalc. 23 December 2019. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  18. ^ Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and (3 November 2018). "Questions and Answers on Prilosec OTC (omeprazole)". FDA. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mr._Ibrahem/Omeprazole&oldid=1216692932"