User:Mr. Ibrahem/Methylnaltrexone

Mr. Ibrahem/Methylnaltrexone
Clinical data
Trade names	Relistor
Other names	Naltrexone-methyl-bromide, methylnaltrexone bromide
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a608052
License data	EU EMA: by INN; US DailyMed: Methylnaltrexone; US FDA: Methylnaltrexone;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B1; ;
Routes of; administration	By mouth, intravenous, subcutaneous
Drug class	Peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonist
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); CA: Schedule VI; UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only; EU: Rx-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	11–15.3%
Metabolism	Liver
Elimination half-life	8 hours
Excretion	Urine (50%), faeces (50%)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (5α)-17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3,14-dihydroxy-17-methyl-4,5-epoxymorphinanium-17-ium-6-one;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C21H26NO4
Molar mass	356.442 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C6[C@@H]3Oc1c2c(ccc1O)C[C@@H]4[C@@](O)([C@@]23CC[N+]4(C)CC5CC5)CC6;
	InChI InChI=1S/C21H25NO4/c1-22(11-12-2-3-12)9-8-20-17-13-4-5-14(23)18(17)26-19(20)15(24)6-7-21(20,25)16(22)10-13/h4-5,12,16,19,25H,2-3,6-11H2,1H3/p+1/t16-,19+,20+,21-,22?/m1/s1 ; Key:JVLBPIPGETUEET-GAAHOAFPSA-O ;
	(what is this?) (verify)

Methylnaltrexone (MNTX), sold under the brand name Relistor, is a medication used to treat constipation due to opioids.^[3] It may be used when other laxatives are not effective.^[2] It is taken by mouth or by injection under the skin.^[3]

Common side effects include abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, nausea, and opioid withdrawal.^[2] Other side effects may include gastrointestinal perforation.^[3] It a peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonist, which means it does not generally affect the central pain reducing effects of other opioids.^[2]

Methylnaltrexone was approved for medical use in the United States in 2008.^[3] In the United Kingdom the injectable formulation costs the NHS about £21 per dose as of 2021.^[2] In the United States this amount costs about 150 USD.^[4]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b "Methylnaltrexone (Relistor) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 9 July 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 70. ISBN 978-0857114105.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Methylnaltrexone Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
^ "Relistor Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2021.

[Drugs.com_pregnancy-1] "Methylnaltrexone (Relistor) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 9 July 2020. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2020.

[BNF81-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 70. ISBN 978-0857114105.

[AHFS2021-3] "Methylnaltrexone Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.

[4] "Relistor Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2021.

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