User:Mr. Ibrahem/Doxylamine

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Mr. Ibrahem/Doxylamine
Skeletal formula of the doxylamine molecule
Ball-and-stick model of the doxylamine molecule
Clinical data
Trade namesUnisom, Vicks Formula 44 (in combination with Dextromethorphan), others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682537
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: A
  • A
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Drug classFirst-generation antihistamine[1]
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S3 (Pharmacist only)
  • US: OTC
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityBy mouth: 24.7%[2]
Intranasal: 70.8%[2]
MetabolismLiver (CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP2C9)[3]
Elimination half-life10–12 hours[3]
ExcretionUrine (60%), feces (40%)[4]
Identifiers
  • (RS)-N,N-dimethyl-2-(1-phenyl-1-pyridin-2-yl-ethoxy)-ethanamine
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC17H22N2O
Molar mass270.369 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O(CCN(C)C)C(c1ncccc1)(c2ccccc2)C
  • InChI=1S/C17H22N2O/c1-17(20-14-13-19(2)3,15-9-5-4-6-10-15)16-11-7-8-12-18-16/h4-12H,13-14H2,1-3H3 checkY
  • Key:HCFDWZZGGLSKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Doxylamine is a first-generation antihistamine used for trouble sleeping and allergies.[1] Use for trouble sleeping should be short term.[1] Onset of effects is about half an hour.[1] It is also used in combination with vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.[5] It is taken by mouth.[1]

Common side effects include sleepiness.[1] Other side effects include dry mouth, urinary retention, and glaucoma.[1] Children may get restless.[1] Use in pregnancy appears safe.[6] It works by blocking H1 receptors and thus blocking the effects of histamine.[1]

Doxylamine was first described in 1948.[7] It is available as a generic medication.[1] In the United States it costs less than 10 USD for 30 tablets of 25 mg as of 2020.[8]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Doxylamine Succinate Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  2. ^ a b Pelser A, Müller DG, du Plessis J, du Preez JL, Goosen C (2002). "Comparative pharmacokinetics of single doses of doxylamine succinate following intranasal, oral and intravenous administration in rats". Biopharm Drug Dispos. 23 (6): 239–44. doi:10.1002/bdd.314. PMID 12214324. S2CID 32126626.
  3. ^ a b Meir H. Kryger; Thomas Roth; William C. Dement (1 November 2010). Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 925–. ISBN 978-1-4377-2773-9.
  4. ^ "New Zealand Datasheet: Doxylamine Succinate" (PDF). Medsafe, New Zealand Medicines and Medical Devices Safety Authority. 16 July 2008. Archived from the original on 22 March 2016.
  5. ^ BNF 79 : March 2020. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society. 2020. p. 442. ISBN 9780857113658.
  6. ^ Briggs, Gerald G.; Freeman, Roger K.; Yaffe, Sumner J. (2008). Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk. Vol. 2. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 89. doi:10.1258/om.2009.090002. ISBN 978-0-7817-7876-3. PMC 4989726. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  7. ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 546. ISBN 9783527607495.
  8. ^ "Compare Doxylamine Prices". GoodRx. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
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