User:Magnatyrannus/Koluel Kaike Formation

Koluel Kaike Formation
Koluel Kaike Formation
Stratigraphic range: Lutetian; (Casamayoran-Mustersan); ~50–47.1 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Underlies	Sarmiento Formation; Gaiman Formation
Thickness	319 metres
Lithology
Primary	Sandstone, mudstone
Other	Limestone
Location
Country	Argentina;
Extent	Golfo San Jorge Basin
Type section
Location	Sarmiento Department, Chubut
Region	Chubut Province
Country	Argentina
Thickness at type section	319 metres (1,047 ft) (tuffs)

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The Koluel Kaike Formation is a geological formation in Chubut Province, Argentina which spans around 50 to 47.1 million years ago from the Early to Middle Eocene.It predominantly consists of pyroclastic deposits^[1], which were deposited in a semi-arid environment.^[2] It is divided up into a number of members.^[1] The diverse fauna of the Sarmiento Formation, including a variety of freshwater fish, crocodilians, turtles and snakes, also includes many mammals such as South American native ungulates (notoungulates, litopterns, astrapotheres) as well as armadillos, and caviomorph rodents.^[3]

Stratigraphy[edit]

The Sarmiento Formation overlies the Casamayor Formation and forms the most recent sequence of the stratigraphic section. The formation is named for the town of Sarmiento

Paleoflora[edit]

Color key

Taxon	Reclassified taxon	Taxon falsely reported as present	Dubious taxon or junior synonym	Ichnotaxon	Ootaxon	Morphotaxon

Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; ~~crossed out~~ taxa are discredited.

Name	Species	Member/Locality	Material	Notes	Image

Paleofauna[edit]

Crustaceans[edit]

Name	Species	Member	Material	Notes	Image
Trichodactylidae indet.		Vergel Member

Echinoderms[edit]

Name	Species	Member
Agassizia	A. excentrica	Cocuiza Member
Arbacia	A. punctulata	Cocuiza Member
Encope	E. cf. emarginata	Cocuiza Member
Encope	E. secoensis	Cocuiza Member
Mellitella	M. falconensis	Cocuiza Member
Moira	M. atropos	Cocuiza Member

Fish[edit]

Name	Species	Member	Material	Notes	Image

Amphibians[edit]

Name	Species	Member	Material	Notes	Image
Anura indet.		Vergel Member	isolated cranial and postcranial elements
cf. Pipa	cf. P. sp.	Vergel Member	sacral vertebrae fused to a partial urostyle

Reptiles[edit]

Crocodylomorphs[edit]

Name	Species	Member	Material	Notes	Image
Eocaiman^[4]	E. cavernensis	Gran Barranca Member
Sebecus^[5]	S. icaeorhinus	Gran Barranca Member	Disarticulated skull, mandible, and some postcranial material.	A sebecid notosuchian.

Lepidosaurs[edit]

Testudines[edit]

Name	Species	Member	Material	Notes	Image
Gaffneylania^[6]	G. auricularis			A meiolaniid stem-turtle
Niolamia	N. argentina	Gran Barranca Member		A meiolaniid stem-turtle

Mammals[edit]

Name	Species	Member/Locality	Material	Notes	Image

Meridiungulates[edit]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b H.), Madden, R. H. (Richard (2010). "Physical stratigraphy of the Sarmiento Formation (middle Eocene – lower Miocene) at Gran Barranca, central Patagonia". The paleontology of Gran Barranca : evolution and environmental change through the middle Cenozoic of Patagonia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87241-6. OCLC 499130096.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ H.), Madden, R. H. (Richard (2010). "Loessic and fluvial sedimentation in Sarmiento Formation pyroclastics, middle Cenozoic of central Patagonia". The paleontology of Gran Barranca : evolution and environmental change through the middle Cenozoic of Patagonia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87241-6. OCLC 499130096.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Dozo, María Teresa; Ciancio, Martín; Bouza, Pablo José; Martínez, Gastón (2014). "New association of Paleogene Mammals in Eastern of Patagonia (Chubut Province, Argentina): biochronological and paleobiogeographical implications". Andean Geology. 41 (1). Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License
^ Simpson, George Gaylord (1933). "A new crocodilian from the Notostylops beds of Patagonia. American Museum novitates ; no.623". American Museum Novitates.
^ Pol, Diego; Leardi, Juan M.; Lecuona, Agustina; Krause, Marcelo (2012-03-01). "Postcranial anatomy of Sebecus icaeorhinus (Crocodyliformes, Sebecidae) from the Eocene of Patagonia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (2): 328–354. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.646833. ISSN 0272-4634.
^ Sterli, Juliana; de la Fuente, Marcelo S.; Krause, J. Marcelo (2015). "A new turtle from the Palaeogene of Patagonia (Argentina) sheds new light on the diversity and evolution of the bizarre clade of horned turtles (Meiolaniidae, Testudinata): A new horned turtle from Patagonia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 174 (3): 519–548. doi:10.1111/zoj.12252.

External links[edit]

www.example.com

Name	Species	Member/Locality	Material	Notes	Image

[:0-1] H.), Madden, R. H. (Richard (2010). "Physical stratigraphy of the Sarmiento Formation (middle Eocene – lower Miocene) at Gran Barranca, central Patagonia". The paleontology of Gran Barranca : evolution and environmental change through the middle Cenozoic of Patagonia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87241-6. OCLC 499130096.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[2] H.), Madden, R. H. (Richard (2010). "Loessic and fluvial sedimentation in Sarmiento Formation pyroclastics, middle Cenozoic of central Patagonia". The paleontology of Gran Barranca : evolution and environmental change through the middle Cenozoic of Patagonia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87241-6. OCLC 499130096.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Dozoetal2014-3] Dozo, María Teresa; Ciancio, Martín; Bouza, Pablo José; Martínez, Gastón (2014). "New association of Paleogene Mammals in Eastern of Patagonia (Chubut Province, Argentina): biochronological and paleobiogeographical implications". Andean Geology. 41 (1). Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License

[4] Simpson, George Gaylord (1933). "A new crocodilian from the Notostylops beds of Patagonia. American Museum novitates ; no.623". American Museum Novitates.

[5] Pol, Diego; Leardi, Juan M.; Lecuona, Agustina; Krause, Marcelo (2012-03-01). "Postcranial anatomy of Sebecus icaeorhinus (Crocodyliformes, Sebecidae) from the Eocene of Patagonia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (2): 328–354. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.646833. ISSN 0272-4634.

[Sterlietal2015-6] Sterli, Juliana; de la Fuente, Marcelo S.; Krause, J. Marcelo (2015). "A new turtle from the Palaeogene of Patagonia (Argentina) sheds new light on the diversity and evolution of the bizarre clade of horned turtles (Meiolaniidae, Testudinata): A new horned turtle from Patagonia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 174 (3): 519–548. doi:10.1111/zoj.12252.

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