User:LightandDark2000/Tropical Storm Thirteen (2011)

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Tropical Storm Thirteen
Tropical storm (SSHWS/NWS)
The Unnamed Tropical Storm weakening, later on September 2.
FormedAugust 28, 2011
DissipatedSeptember 8, 2011
Highest winds1-minute sustained: 45 mph (75 km/h)
Lowest pressure1002 mbar (hPa); 29.59 inHg
FatalitiesNone
DamageNone
Areas affectedBermuda, Azores
Part of the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season

The Unnamed Tropical Storm was a tropical cyclone that was identified by the National Hurricane Center in the post-season analysis of the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season. The Unnamed Tropical Storm was the 13th tropical depression and the 12th tropical storm of the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season. The system originated from a trough to the south of Bermuda, on August 28. The system affected brought heavy rainfall to Bermuda as a precursor, and later affected the Azores as a remnant trough, before being absorbed by another extratropical cyclone on September 8. Because the storm was not officially recognized as a tropical cyclone upon its formation, the National Hurricane Center never assigned the system a name. However, if this storm had been assigned a name, it would have been known as Tropical Storm Lee, instead of the next tropical storm.

Meteorological history[edit]

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

As part of their routine post-season analysis, the National Hurricane Center identified an Unnamed Tropical Storm that formed near 0000 UTC, on September 1, roughly 290 mi (470 km) north of Bermuda. On August 28, a trough formed to the southwest of Bermuda, to the south of Tropical Storm Jose. During the next 3 days, the storm tracked northwards to the north of Bermuda, even as it began interacting with an Upper-level low to the east of the system.[1] On August 31, a disturbance developed within the trough north of Bermuda, and the NHC classified it as Invest 94L, as they tracked the storm. On September 1, the storm organized into a tropical depression, very early that morning. Despite being embedded within an environment of moderate wind shear, the depression quickly intensified into a tropical storm, but it was not assigned a name, because it was not recognized operationally. The storm continued to interact with the neighboring system to the east, until September 2, when the Unnamed Tropical Storm began accelerating to the northeast. The system reached a peak intensity of 45 mph (75 km/h) early on September 2, prior to its transition into an extratropical cyclone later that day. However, the extratropical remnant of the system continued to move east-northeast, and later eastward, as it slowly weakened. On September 4, at 0000 UTC, the extratropical remnant of the unnamed tropical storm dissipated to a weak surface trough.[2][3] During the next day, the remnant trough of the Unnamed Tropical Storm accelerated eastwards, until it reached the Azores Islands. During the next 3 days, the remnant trough slowly tracked to the southwest of the Azores, until it was absorbed by an extratropical cyclone to the north on September 8.[4]

The system was not considered a tropical cyclone while it was active, partially due to the intermittent nature of the convection and uncertainty on whether it was associated with a cold front. The NHC prepared issuing advisories on several occasions,[2] and a tropical weather outlook on September 2 noted that "only a slight increase in organization [would] result in the formation of a tropical storm."[5]

Preparations and impact[edit]

Infrared satellite image of the Unnamed Tropical Storm near peak intensity, on September 2.

The storm brought heavy rain to the island of Bermuda as a precursor, from August 28–31. The storm later brought rain and wind to the Azores as a remnant trough, from September 5–8.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/gtwo/atl/201109011155/index.php?basin=atl&current_issuance=201109011155
  2. ^ a b Blake, Kimberlain, Eric, Todd (December 2, 2011). "Unnamed Tropical Storm Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved December 2, 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/gtwo/atl/201109021732/index.php?basin=atl&current_issuance=201109021732
  4. ^ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/gtwo/atl/201109081458/index.php?basin=atl&current_issuance=201109081458
  5. ^ Stewart, Stacy (September 2, 2011). "Graphical Tropical Weather Outlook". Retrieved July 1, 2014.

External links[edit]

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