User:Johannes der Taucher/Jacob Vrel

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Street scene, ca. 1660

Jacob Vrel (fl. (c.1630–c.1680)[1] was a Dutch, Flemish, or Westphalian painter of interiors and urban street scenes during the Dutch Golden Age (1588–1672). He was active from 1654 to 1662.[2]

Biography[edit]

Jacob Vrel is also referred to as Jan instead of Jacob(us); alternative spellings of his surname are Frel, Frelle, Vreele, Vrelle, and Vriel.[3] Though Vrel's birthplace is unknown, scholars consider him a Dutch artist.[2]

The lack of biographical information and challenging visual evidence has led scholars like Elizabeth Honig to call him "the most entirely elusive painter of 17th century Holland."[4]

Despite the many architectural elements, bread products or clothing of the figures in his paintings, art historians are unable to assign most of Vrel's street scenes to any particular city or region. Vrel is thought to have composed them mostly from imagination.[5] As of 2021, two experts have recognized streets and buildings of the Dutch city of Zwolle, not far from the German border in three pictures.[6]: 30 [7]

Style[edit]

According to the Netherlands Institute for Art History (Dutch RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis), Vrel was a member of the same "school" or artistic style as Pieter de Hooch, showing simple intimate scenes of daily life in towns, often including studies in perspective. Though no evidence for a specific "school" exists, the center of influence seems to have been in the artistic centers of Haarlem and Delft, for artists born during the years 1620–1630. The painters listed by the RKD in this category are Esaias Boursse, Hendrick van der Burgh, Pieter de Hooch, Pieter Janssens Elinga, Cornelis de Man, Hendrick ten Oever, and Jacob Vrel.[8]

Vrel's works are sometimes confused with those by Esaias Boursse[3] or Pieter de Hooch.[9] Vrel painted without glazes.[10] Vrel often painted his signature on a strip of paper or cloth in his painting, reminiscent of medieval banners or scrolls.[6] At least half of the pictures by Vrel contain signatures altered to read "Johannes Vermeer" or "Pieter de Hooch."[1]

Work[edit]

Ranges from thirty-eight[11] to forty[12] paintings had been attributed to Vrel before the 2021 catalogue raisonne, which names forty-nine.[13]

Young Woman in an Interior, ca. 1660. National Gallery of Art, Washington.

The following public collections hold Vrel´s work in their permanent collections:

A retrospective exhibition curated by Berndt Ebert of the Alte Pinakothek had been set to open in late 2020,[17] accompanied by a combined printed exhibition catalog and catalogue raisonné by Ebert, Cécile Tainturier and Quentin Buvelot.in 2021.[18] Because of the coronavirus pandemic, the exhibition on Vrel was rescheduled to be shown in 2023 at the Mauritshuis in The Hague,[19][20] and then at the Fondation Custodia in Paris.

References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Johannes der Taucher/Jacob Vrel.
  1. ^ a b Honig, Elizabeth Alice (1996). "Vrel, Jacobus". In Turner, Jane (ed.). Dictionary of Art. Vol. 22. London: Macmillan. p. 728. ISBN 1884446000.
  2. ^ a b "Jacobus Vrel (Dutch, active 1654 - 1662) (Getty Museum)". The J. Paul Getty in Los Angeles. n.d. Retrieved 2021-11-09.
  3. ^ a b Jacob Vrel in the RKD
  4. ^ Hongi, Elizabeth Alice (2023). "[Review of] Jacobus Vrel: Looking for Clues of an Enigmatic Painter". Renaissance Quarterly. 76 (2): 668–670.
  5. ^ Liedtke, Walter A., Michiel Plomp, and Axel Rüger (2001). Vermeer and the Delft School. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 114. ISBN 0870999737
  6. ^ a b spur (2021). "Vrel? Eine Spurensuche. Entdeckerheft" (PDF). Alte Pinakothek.
  7. ^ de Vries, Dirk; Bakker, Boudewijn (2021). "Jacobus Vrel in Zwolle". Jacobus Vrel: Searching for Clues to an Enigmatic Artist. Munich: Hirmer. ISBN 9783777435879.
  8. ^ Genre De Hooch school in the RKD
  9. ^ Slive, Seymour (1995). Dutch Painting 1600–1800. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 158. ISBN 0300074514.
  10. ^ "Jacobus Vrel". The J. Paul Getty Museum Collection. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  11. ^ Honig, Elizabeth Alice (1996). "Vrel, Jacobus". In Turner, Jane (ed.). The Dictionary of Art. Vol. 32. London: Macmillan. p. 728. ISBN 1884446000.
  12. ^ Bakker, Piet (2017). Wheelock, Arthur K. Jr. (ed.). "Jacobus Vrel". The Leiden Collection Catalogue (3rd ed.). Retrieved 15 December 2019.
  13. ^ Bailey, Martin (20 September 2021). "Did This Mysterious Dutch Painter Inspire Vermeer?". The Art Newspaper. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  14. ^ "Jacobus Vrel: Major New Acquisition for the Alte Pinakothek". CODART. n.d. Retrieved 2021-11-09.
  15. ^ Sutton, Peter C. (1984). "Catalogue no. 123". Masters of Seventeenth Century Dutch Gentre Painting. Philadelphia Museum of Art. p. 353. ISBN 087633057X.
  16. ^ "Jacobus Vrel: Young Woman in an Interior, c. 1660". National Gallery of Art. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  17. ^ Jonge, Mariska de (29 October 2019). "Looking for Paintings by Jacobus Vrel". Fondation Custodia. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
  18. ^ "Jacobus Vrel Monograph and Catalogue Raisonné Published". CODART. 25 May 2021. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
  19. ^ "Jacobus Vrel, 13 October 2020–10 January 2021". CODART. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
  20. ^ "Vrel, Forerunner of Vermeer". Mauritshuis. Retrieved 13 October 2023.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Théophile Thoré. "Van der Meer de Delft." Gazette des beaux-arts [suppl. is Chron. A.] 21 (1866): 458–470.
  • Clotilde Brière-Misme. "Un 'Intimiste' hollandais: Jacob Vrel." Revue de l’art ancien et moderne 68 (1935): 97–114, 157–172.
  • Gérard Regnier. "Jacob Vrel, un Vermeer du pauvre." Gazette des beaux-arts [suppl. is Chron. A.] n.s. 6, 71 (1968): 269–282.
  • Peter Sutton, ed. Masters of Seventeenth-Century Dutch Genre Painting (exh. cat. Philadelphia Museum of Art; Gemäldegalerie, Berlin; Royal Academy, London, 1984): 352–354.
  • Elizabeth Honig: "Looking in(to) Jacob Vrel." Yale Journal of Criticism 3, no. 1 (Fall, 1989): 37–56.
  • Edited by Bernd Ebert, Cécile Tainturier and Quentin Buvelot. Jacobus Vrel—Searching for Clues to an Enigmatic Artist. Exh. cat. and catalogue raisonné. Translated by Bram Opstelten, David Radzinowicz, and Diane Webb. Munich and The Hague: Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen and Marutishuis, 2021. ISBN 9783777435879

External links[edit]



Category:Year of birth unknown Category:Year of death unknown Category:Dutch Golden Age painters Category:Dutch male painters Category:Dutch genre painters Category:Painters from Haarlem Category:Artists from Delft Category:Year of birth uncertain

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_der_Taucher/Jacob_Vrel&oldid=1181392003"