User:HowardMorland/Sandbox-9

Deodoro Olympic Whitewater Stadium

About
Locale	Rio de Janiero, Brazil
Managing agent	2016 Rio de Janiero Olympic Games
Designer	Whitewater Parks International
Main shape	Two Loops
Adjustable	yes
Pumped	7 pumps, 3.0 m3/s (110 cu ft/s) each
Lighting	yes
Canoe lift	yes
Opening date	2016 (2016)
Stats
Length	Competition: 250 metres (820 ft) Training: 200 metres (656 ft)
Drop	Conpetition: 4.5 metres (14.8 ft) Training: 200 metres (656 ft)
Slope	Competition: 1.8% (95 ft/mi) Recreation: 1.0% (53 ft/mi)
Flowrate	Competition: 12.0 m3/s (420 cu ft/s) Training: 10.0 m3/s (350 cu ft/s)

Riversport Rapids is a non-profit outdoor recreation and athletic training facility for whitewater rafting, kayaking, canoeing, rock climbing, and ziplining which opened to the public on April 28, 2016. The Center is located in Oklahoma City on land adjacent to the Oklahoma River.

The Main Complex as seen from the Long Channel past the M-Wave.

The creators of the Center were inspired by the Penrith Whitewater Stadium built for the 2000 Olympics. The Center's primary feature is the world's largest and most complex recirculating artificial whitewater river. The facility cost $38 million to build, and costs $6.8 million per year to operate. The river channels were designed by three-time Olympian Scott Shipley.

Whitewater channels

The Center's recirculating river is filled with 12 million gallons of well water, which is cleaned every 24 hours by a filtration and ultraviolet system. The whitewater portion of the river has a total of 3,750 feet (1,140 m) of channel divided between two channels: the Olympic-standard slalom competition channel and the longer wilderness channel, which splits around an island at the top. The rapids are Class II to IV and can be navigated via canoe, kayak or a guided raft. The different channels are linked by an Upper and Lower Pool which are connected via a moving-belt boat-lift conveyor.

Each channel is watered by three of the seven 680-horsepower pumps. Six pumps will water both channels simultaneously. The electricity cost of each pump is about $45 per hour. When only one channel is used, an inflated barrier rises up from the bottom to prevent water from entering the unused channel. Since both channels have the same drop, 6.4 metres (21 ft), the extra length of the long channel gives it a gentler slope.

Most of the water diverters are natural boulders cemented in place, but there is some use of moveable plastic bollards attached to the bottom. There are five barn door diverters hinged to the channel sides and positioned by hydraulic pistons, two above the M-Wave on the long channel, and three in the slalom competition channel. The M-Wave is designed to replicate the famous M-Wave in an irrigation channel near Montrose, Colorado.

The National Office of USA Canoe/Kayak, which manages the US canoe and kayak Olympic teams, is located in Charlotte because of its proximity to the USNWC. In April 2011, the team trials for the US national whitewater team were held at USNWC.

Gallery

• 
  Six pumps fill the Upper Pool.

Episodes

No.	Episode	Original air date
1	"Déjà Vu" (1858 – 1961) 90 minutes	September 17, 2017 (2017-09-17)
After a century of French occupation, Vietnam emerges independent but divided into North and South.
2	"Riding the Tiger" (1961 – 1963) 90 minutes	September 18, 2017 (2017-09-18)
As a communist insurgency gains strength, President Kennedy wrestles with American involvement in South Vietnam.
3	"The River Styx" (January 1964 – December 1965) 2 hours	September 19, 2017 (2017-09-19)
With South Vietnam near collapse, President Johnson begins bombing the North and sends US troops to the South.
4	"Resolve" (January 1966 – June 1967) 2 hours	September 20, 2017 (2017-09-20)
US soldiers discover Vietnam is unlike their fathers’ war, while the antiwar movement grows.
5	"This Is What We Do" (July 1967 – December 1967) 90 minutes	September 21, 2017 (2017-09-21)
Johnson escalates the war while promising the American public that victory is in sight.
6	"Things Fall Apart" (January 1968 – July 1968) 90 minutes	September 24, 2017 (2017-09-24)
Shaken by the Tet Offensive, assassinations and unrest, America seems to be coming apart.
7	"The Veneer of Civilization" (June 1968 – May 1969) 2 hours	September 25, 2017 (2017-09-25)
After chaos roils the Democratic Convention, Richard Nixon, promising peace, narrowly wins the presidency.
8	"The History of the World" (April 1969 – May 1970) 2 hours	September 26, 2017 (2017-09-26)
Nixon withdraws US troops but when he sends forces into Cambodia the antiwar movement reignites.
9	"A Disrespectful Loyalty" (May 1970 – March 1973) 2 hours	September 27, 2017 (2017-09-27)
South Vietnam fights on its own as Nixon and Kissinger find a way out for America. American POWs return.
10	"The Weight of Memory" (March 1973 – Onward) 2 hours	September 28, 2017 (2017-09-28)
Saigon falls and the war ends. Americans and Vietnamese from all sides search for reconciliation.

Marbury v. Madison

The Marbury v. Madison decision expanded the power of the Supreme Court in general, while announcing that the 1789 law which gave the Court jurisdiction in this case was unconstitutional. Marbury thus lost his case, which the Court said he should have won, but, in explaining its inability to provide Marbury the remedy he deserved, the Court established the principle of judicial review, i.e., the ability to declare a law unconstitutional.