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In anthropology, a moiety is conceived generally as one of two groups into which a particular society is divided. The term has been used to varyingly technical degrees by anthropologists since James Frazer, and the concept has played an organizing role in works by Lorimer Fison, Marcel Mauss and Emile Durkheim, Alfred Radcliffe-Brown, and Claude Levi-Strauss. Traditional literature on moieties was primarily concerned with their relationship to marriage, for instance in demonstrating that individuals choose their marriage partners from among the members of the opposite moiety. But since the 1970s anthropologists have argued that the forms, functions, organization, and operation of moieties varies widely between groups.

Use by Radcliffe-Brown

Alfred Radcliffe-Brown is often cited as having introduced the term formally into anthropology in his Study of Kinship Systems, where he wrote: "Where there are two divisions I shall speak of moieties. In both western and eastern Australia there are tribes that have a division into matrilineal moieties. Thus in the neighbourhood of Perth the tribe was divided into two parts called Manitjmat and Wardangmat after the crow (wardang) and the white cockatoo (manitj)."

Frazer calls Radcliffe-Brown's proposed terminology "convenient" and uses it in his own Totemism and Exogamy.

Levi-Strauss

Claude Levi-Strauss extensively explored the occurrence of moieties in his Elementary Structures of Kinship.0700713387

http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924021846989/cu31924021846989_djvu.txt

http://www.google.co.uk/#hl=en&source=hp&q=moiety+kroki+kumite&btnG=Google+Search&meta=&aq=f&oq=moiety+kroki+kumite&fp=5314e9eaa343dff4 - Kumite and Kroki moieties (Durkheim)

http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/ch02b.htm Engels credits Fison, uses moieties

http://books.google.com/books?id=iOZhjqgsPL0C&pg=PA109&lpg=PA109&dq=moiety+durkheim&source=bl&ots=t-4dEiglHO&sig=5Nj1smPoN4BDguypnaCydMY-0R0&hl=en&ei=1eXBSpPaI42B4Qarq92qBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#v=snippet&q=moieties&f=false Kuper on the received wisdom on moieties generated by Fison

http://books.google.com/books?id=MZMJRfmz6WgC&pg=PA92&lpg=PA92&dq=moiety+durkheim&source=bl&ots=4QXs6GDRx3&sig=0dySv_lfc2IkqE3cqx72KRiCCqo&hl=en&ei=1eXBSpPaI42B4Qarq92qBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1#v=onepage&q=moiety%20durkheim&f=false Durkheim again on moieties

http://www.jstor.org/stable/201876?&Search=yes&term=%22moieties+were+the+first%22&list=hide&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3D%2522moieties%2Bwere%2Bthe%2Bfirst%2522%26wc%3Don%26dc%3DAll%2BDisciplines&item=1&ttl=1&returnArticleService=showArticle&pageOfFirstMatch=true Critiquing Durkheim and Mauss on moieties

http://www.jstor.org/stable/664041?seq=2 Moiety concept used in an ethnography

http://books.google.com/books?id=C6YOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA203&lpg=PA203&dq=moiety+%22radcliffe-brown%22&source=bl&ots=bgkNw2Y6LH&sig=YhXf5OMKCQVHgc_UkoOCYzI8FI0&hl=en&ei=3t7BSq7VKIqx4Qay872LCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#v=onepage&q=moiety&f=false Levi-Strauss on exogamous moieties

http://books.google.com/books?id=Gr9JO6j3luAC&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=moiety+anthropology&source=bl&ots=XmUz2gHdCA&sig=cEdabhe3lOtx7JB-nURMpsMWzqA&hl=en&ei=HN7BSrjfK4qK4QaikIGLCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9#v=onepage&q=moiety&f=false Analysis of LS on moieties

http://www.nku.edu/~humed1/darkness_in_el_dorado/documents/0330.htm Marxist dialectical view on anthros' use of moiety concept

OED: "4. Anthropol. Either of two primary social or ritual groups, usually exogamous, into which a society is divided; spec. one among a tribe of Australian Aborigines." Definition from Oxford English Dictionary at http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/00313317?single=1&query_type=word&queryword=moiety&first=1&max_to_show=10

Uses: 1883 in Journal of the Anthropological institute; Rivers in 1914; RB in 1952; Maxwell in 78.