Hazarewal
Hazarewals or Hazarawals (Urdu: ہزارہ وال) also known as Hazara (ہزارہ) is term used for the multi-ethnic predominantly Hindko and Shina speaking community belonging to the Hazara region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.[1][2]
Language[edit]
Hindko speaking Hazarewals include the Jadoons, Karlals, Abbasis, Sayyids, Awan, Turks, Swati, Tanolis, Qureshis Shilmani/Sulemani and Khokhars.[3]
In Hazara, the Swatis of Battagram district predominantly communicate in Pashto, while the majority of Swatis in Mansehra District use Hindko, except in Oghi Tehsil and Baffa Pakhal Tehsil, where the Swatis are bilingual in both Pashto and Hindko. The Yousafzais of Torghar District also speaks Pashto. In Agror, Torghar District and Oghi Tehsil the Swatis and Tanoli's speak Pashto as there mother tongue.
Dardic speaking Hazarewals include the Shins, Mankiyalis, Yashkuns, Marooch and Kamin.[4] A large number of Hindko speakers in Hazara Division claims to be Pashtuns.[5] These includes the Tahirkheli, Yusufzai, Tanoli, Jadoon, Dilazak and Tareen.[5]
The Hazarewal,[6] are not to be confused with the ethnic Hazara people inhabiting parts of Balochistan province in Pakistan or areas of neighbouring Afghanistan. The Hazarewals have, over the last few years, found themselves increasingly in favour of separation and autonomy from the rest of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province on linguistic basis.[7][8]
Khanates and Jagirdars[edit]
Pashtuns Tribes (Jadoon, Tanoli, Swati) cover 65-70% land area of Hazara. Jadoon tribe came to Hazara division from the area of Swabi. Tanoli tribe came to Swabi, Buner and Mardan from Ghazni with the army of Ghaznavids emperors. In 1472 Tanolis came to Hazara division. Swati tribe came to Hazara from Swat when the Yusufzai tribe defeated Sultan Awais Swati and conquered Swati's Sultanate of Swat. Swatis conquered Pakhli region in 1703 and established their Khanates which are now part of Mansehra District and Battagram District.
Swatis having 34 Jagirdars (Khanates) and 1 independent Nawab of Allai tribal State and owning 55% land of Mansehra District and 92% land of Battagram district are found to be the biggest landowning group of Hazara Division, followed by Tanoli, Tanoli is the only tribe in Hazara which have 2 registed states Amb and Phulra states along with 14 Jagirdars (Khanates), Jadoons having 11 Jagirdars (Khantaes) of which Jageerdars of Banda Pir Khan had largest Jageer in whole Abbottabad district and Syeds having 9 Jageerdars mainly in the waste mountains of Kaghan Valley.
Tanawal The Land of Tanoli Is devided into 4 Districts. In Mansehra District Tanawal make up about 30-35 % Of Land. In Haripur District Tanawal make up about 25-30% Of Land. In Abbottabad District Tanawal make up about 25-30% of Land. In Torghar District Tanawal make up about 15-20% of Land.
Culture[edit]
Kohistan :
Hazarewal women from Kohistan usually adorn themselves with traditional clothing called Kohistani Jumlo, whilst the men may wear a pakol and chadar (shawl).
Districts of Battgram and Torghar:
Swati tribe makes the more than 80% population of Battgram while the Yousafzais make the 80% population of Torghar. They both strictly follow Pashtunwali and speaks Pashto language. Hujra and Khangi system are main features of these two districts.
Districts of Mansehra, Abbottabad and Haripur:
In these districts all tribes including Jadoons, Tanolis, Swatis, Awans, Karlal, Gujjars, Abbasi, Tareens, Dilazaks, Ghakhars and Syeds speaks Hindko as their mother tongue. Their culture looks more similar to neighboring Azad Kashmir and Murree. Men usually wear Pakol and Shawal in winter.
'Kumar'(کمڑ) is traditional dance of Hazara Division.
Tanolis have special custom of doing 'Gatkta'(گاتکا) which is performed by men having swords in their hands.
Swatis of Mansehra call their Mehman-Khanas as Dehdi (ڈہڈی) instead of Hujra(حجرہ)which is used by the Swatis of Battagram district. In Mansehra local people from other tribes calls the 'Dehdis' of Swatis by different names like'Dehdi Khan Sahib'(ڈہڈی خانصاحب) or 'Khana Di Dehdi'(خاناں دی ڈہڈی) which have unique historical importance.
Tanolis, Tareens, Swatis and Jadoons are considered to be landlords.
Notable Hazarewals[edit]
Swatis:
- Khan Khudadad Khan Swati, Freedom Fighter of Pakistan Independence Movement, member of All India Muslim league, 1st Minister of Health West Pakistan and Ex- Royal Chief of Siran Valley, close companion of Quaid E azam, nephew of Khan Bahadur Muhammad Muzzafar Khan Jehangiri Swati who was considered among the powerful Khans of then Hazara District.
- Abdul Hakeem Khan Swati— Ex-Governor of Khyber Pakhtoon Khwa
- Prince Muhammad Nawaz Khan Swati — Current MNA of Battagram(NA-13) 5th time, current royal "Chief Of Allai Valley" ,son of last Nawab of Allai State; Nawab Muhammad Ayub Khan(who was 4 times MNA of Mansehra III)
- Shehzada Gustasip Khan Swati — current MNA of Mansehra cum Torghar (NA-15), Ex-Minister
- Prince Zubair Khan Swati — current MPA Battagram(I)
- Taj Muhammad Khan Swati — current MPA Battagram(II)
- Munir Hussain Swati — current MPA Mansehra(I)
- Babar Saleem Khan Swati ( current MPA Mansehra(II) second time, current Speaker of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly, grandson of 4th "Khan of Mansehra" Jageerdar Jummah Khan)
- Zahid Chanzeb Khan Swati — current MPA Mansehra(III)
- Laiq Muhammad Khan Swati — current MPA Torghar(Mansehra VI) second time, Ex-MNA of Mansehra cum Torghar, younger Brother of Azam Swati, grandson of Haji Faqeera Khan Swati.
- Khan Haji Faqeera Khan Swati( MLA of Mansehra I in 1937 from Indian National Congress, Ex- Khan of Malakpur, Mansehra)
- Khan Muhammad Abbas Khan Swati — MLA(1937) of Indian National Congress from Mansehra & Minister of Industries United India, Ex- Khan of Sum Elai Mang.
- Ghulam Ghaus Hazarvi Swati — Ex-MNA of Hazara II, Famous Islamic Scholar and Religious leader
- Bashir Khan Jehangiri Swati– 17th Chief Justice of the Pakistan Supreme Court
- Azam Khan Swati — Senator, Business Man, Ex Federal Minister for Railways, Ex Minister for Narcotics Control, Ex-Minister for Science and Technology, Billionaire, Khan Of Sherpur, Pakhal.
- Nawab-Zada Wali Muhammad Khan Swati (MPA of Battagram, Jageerdar)
- Waji Uz Zaman Khan Swati( Ex-MNA, Ex MPA, current royal Chief Of Agror Valley Mansehra)
- Haji Muhammad Yousaf Khan Swati — former Minister, 7 times elected MPA from Battagram, current royal "Khan of Trand Valley".
- Saleh Muhammad Khan Swati ( Ex-MNA of Mansehra)
- Haroon Khan Badshah Swati — Ex-Minister of Khyber Pakhtoon Khwa & Khan of Sum
- Mufti Kifayat Ullah Swati ( Ex- MPA of Mansehra IV )
- Reham Khan Swati — Famous Journalist and writer
Jadoons
- Amanullah Khan Jadoon – Federal Minister
- Iqbal Khan Jadoon – politician -Chief Minister NWFP
- Ali Khan Jadoon (MNA from Abbottabad)
Tanolis
- Nawab Salahuddin Saeed Khan Tanoli – Last "Nawab of Amb State" and elected five times MNA.
- Suba Khan Tanoli was the king Of Amb/!Tanawal.
Tareens
- Ayub Khan (2nd President of Pakistan)[9]
- Sardar Muhammad Yaqoob – Former Member of the National Assembly from Abbottabad and 16th Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan.
- Omar Ayub Khan (politician)
- Gohar Ayub Khan – politician
Others
- Sardar Muhammad Idrees – member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from 2002 to 2007 and 2013 to 2018.
- Sardar Aurangzeb – 3 time member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
- Sardar Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi Companion of Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Founding member and first president of Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan as well as the first recipient of Nishan-e-Imtiaz.
- Murtaza Javed Abbasi FMR Deputy Speaker National Assembly of Pakistan
- Sardar Muhammad Aslam Khan – Former Senator and President of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) Hazara Division. Member Central Executive Committee of PPP from 1967–77. Three-time president of the District Bar Association Abbottabad.
- Sardar Raza Khan – Chief Election Commissioner Pakistan and Chief justice Peshawar High Court
- Abdul Jamil Khan
- Salahuddin Tirmizi, former Corps Commander
- Tahir Aziz Khan (Chairman Azm e Alishan Party from sarai naimat khan village of haripur)
- Mehtab Abbasi[10]
- Salman Bashir
- Sardar Muhammad Yousuf Gujjar (Former federal Minister of Religious Affairs)
- Sardar Haider Zaman Khan, leader of the Hazara province movement, former Nazim (counselor) of Abbottabad District, and former Provincial Minister in NWFP Assembly.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "IAPS funding for Dr Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad - The University of Nottingham". www.nottingham.ac.uk. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
- ^ "Four years on, the voice of Hazara 'martyrs' still resonates". The Express Tribune. 2014-04-12.
- ^ Rensch, Calvin Ross; O'Leary, Clare F.; Hallberg, Calinda E. (1992). Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan: Hindko and Gujari. National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University. pp. 10–11.
Members of a variety of ethnic groups speak the language called Hindko. A large number of Hindko speakers in Hazara Division (Mansehra and Abbottabad Districts) are Pashtoons. Some of those speak Hindko as a second language; many others speak it as their mother tongue. These include the Tahir Kheli Pashtoons, who claim to have migrated to Hazara Division from Afghanistan during the eighteenth century. Many other mother- tongue speakers of Hindko are Swati Pathans, who are said to have formerly spoken Pashto while living in the lower Swat valley. After migrating across the Indus River into Hazara Division, which Ahmed dates around A.D. 1515, the Swatis adopted the Hindko language. There are also Pashtoons belonging to three other groups, the Yusufzai, the Jadun and the Tarin, who have replaced Pashto with Hindko. Many speakers of Hindko belong to groups other than the Pashtoons: Some of these are Saiyids, said to have come to the area in the early centuries of Islamic history, many of whom live in the Peshawar area. Large numbers of Hindko speakers are Avans, particularly in Attock District and Hazara Division. Still others belong to groups of Moughals, Bulghadris, Turks and Qureshis. In Jammun significant numbers of Gujars have adopted Hindko as their first language.
- ^ "Marooch Tribe". razwal.tripod.com. Retrieved 2024-01-03.
- ^ a b Rensch, Calvin Ross; O'Leary, Clare F.; Hallberg, Calinda E. (1992). Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan: Hindko and Gujari. National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University. pp. 10–11.
Members of a variety of ethnic groups speak the language called Hindko. A large number of Hindko speakers in Hazara Division (Mansehra and Abbottabad Districts) are Pashtoons. Some of those speak Hindko as a second language; many others speak it as their mother tongue. These include the Tahir Kheli Pashtoons, who claim to have migrated to Hazara Division from Afghanistan during the eighteenth century. Many other mother- tongue speakers of Hindko are Swati Pathans, who are said to have formerly spoken Pashto while living in the lower Swat valley. After migrating across the Indus River into Hazara Division, which Ahmed dates around A.D. 1515, the Swatis adopted the Hindko language. There are also Pashtoons belonging to three other groups, the Yusufzai, the Jadun and the Tarin, who have replaced Pashto with Hindko. Many speakers of Hindko belong to groups other than the Pashtoons: Some of these are Saiyids, said to have come to the area in the early centuries of Islamic history, many of whom live in the Peshawar area. Large numbers of Hindko speakers are Avans, particularly in Attock District and Hazara Division. Still others belong to groups of Moughals, Bulghadris, Turks and Qureshis. In Jammun significant numbers of Gujars have adopted Hindko as their first language.
- ^ Essentially representing a linguistic and cultural/regional rather than ethnic entity
- ^ "In Karachi, keeping struggle for Hazara province alive". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
- ^ Protests erupt over Pakistan NWFP name change
- ^ Patel, Aakar (2011-11-25). "Does Pakistan have a saviour in Imran Khan?". www.livemint.com. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
- ^ Aziz, Hadi (2013-09-11). "PM convinces Sardar Mehtab Abbasi for KPK governorship". The News Tribe. Retrieved 19 June 2021.