Yandruwandha language
| Yandruwandha | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Australia |
| Region | South Australia, Queensland |
| Ethnicity | Yandruwandha people, Yawarrawarrka |
| Extinct | since 1973?[1] |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:ynd – Yandruwandhayww – Yawarawargahrp – Nhirrpi |
| Glottolog | yand1252 Yandruwandhic |
| AIATSIS[1] | L18 |
| ELP | Yandruwandha |
| Yawarrawarrka[3] | |
| Nhirrpi[4] | |
Yandruwandha is an Australian Aboriginal language of the Pama–Nyungan family. Yawarawarga is considered a dialect by Dixon (2002), a closely related language by Bowern (2001). It is also known as Yawarrawarrka, Yawarawarka, Yawarawarga, Yawarawarka, Jauraworka, and Jawarawarka).
The traditional language region includes Far Western Queensland around the local government area of the Shire of Diamantina extending into the Outback Communities Authority of South Australia towards Innamincka.[5]
Phonology[edit]
Consonants[edit]
| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Velar | Dental | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | ||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | k | t̪ | c | t | ʈ |
| voiced | b | ɡ | d̪ | ɟ | d | ɖ | |
| trill-release | dʳ | ɖʳ | |||||
| Nasal | m | ŋ | n̪ | ɲ | n | ɳ | |
| Rhotic | r | ||||||
| Lateral | glide | l̪ | ʎ | l | ɭ | ||
| prestopped | (ᵈ̪l̪) | (ᵈl) | (ɖɭ) | ||||
| Approximant | w | j | ɻ | ||||
- Lateral sounds /l̪, l, ɭ/ can also be heard as prestopped [ᵈ̪l̪, ᵈl, ɖɭ] when occurring after a stressed vowel.[6]
Vowels[edit]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | |
| Low | a aː |
References[edit]
- ^ a b L18 Yandruwandha at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ RMW Dixon (2002), Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development, p xxxvii
- ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Yawarrawarrka.
- ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Nhirrpi.
- ^
This Wikipedia article incorporates CC-BY-4.0 licensed text from: "Yawarrawarrka". Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map. State Library of Queensland. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
- ^ Breen 2004.
Further reading[edit]
- Breen, Gavan (2015). Innamincka talk: a grammar of the Innamincka dialect of Yandruwandha with notes on other dialects. ANU Press.
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