Wanggamala
The Wanggamala people, also spelt Wangkamahdla, Wangkamadla, Wangkamanha, Wangkamana, Wonkamala, Wongkamala, Wonkamudla, and other variants, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory and Queensland.
Country[edit]
In Norman Tindale's estimate, Wanggamala tribal lands covered some 20,000 square miles (52,000 km2) of territory.[1] They roamed north-west of Annandale, at Kalidawarry and around the lower Field and Hay rivers, along the Plenty river, and on the eastern margins of the Simpson Desert.[1] River waters were ephemeral and they dug native wells (mikari).[citation needed]
In July 2021, the Wanggamala people, spelt Wangkamahdla in the claim, won native title rights to over 3,000,000 ha (7,400,000 acres) west and south-west of Boulia, stretching from around Bedourie, Queensland, across to the Northern Territory border, including Cravens Peak Reserve (named Pilungah Reserve in October 2021[2]) and part of the Munga-Thirri National Park.[3]
Language[edit]
Their language was Wanggamala, which is now extinct.[4]
Economy[edit]
The Wanggamala lived in areas where the native tobacco pituri grows and, aside from using it themselves, they employed it as a valuable trading resource.[1]
Alternative names[edit]
- Tharlimanha (Breen 2007)[4]
- Wanggamala (AIATSIS and Ethnologue)[4]
- Wanggamanha[4]
- Wangkamadla[5][2]
- Wangkamahdla[3]
- Wangkamala[4]
- Wangkamana (Horton, after Tindale;[6] Blake & Breen 1971)[4]
- Wangkamanha[4]
- Wonggaman (AIAS)[4]
- Wonggawan[4]
- Wongkamala (Tindale)[4]
- Wonkamala (Tindale 1974)[1]
- Wonkamudla(Tindale 1974;[1] O'Grady et al 1996; Mathews)[4]
Notes[edit]
Citations[edit]
- ^ a b c d e Tindale 1974, p. 238.
- ^ a b Barry, Derek (15 October 2021). "Boulia's Cravens Peak is renamed Pilungah". The North West Star. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
- ^ a b "Wangkamahdla People celebrate Queensland Native Title ruling". NITV. 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k C9 Wanggamala at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ Caddy, Amelia (14 October 2021). "Introducing Pilungah Reserve". Bush Heritage Australia. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
- ^ Horton, David R. (1996). "Map of Indigenous Australia". AIATSIS.
Sources[edit]
- Horton, David R. (1996). "Map of Indigenous Australia". AIATSIS.
- Howitt, Alfred William (1904). The native tribes of south-east Australia (PDF). Macmillan.
- Howitt, Alfred William; Siebert, Otto (January–June 1904). "Legends of the Dieri and Kindred Tribes of Central Australia". Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 34. Adelaide: 100–129. doi:10.2307/2843089. JSTOR 2843089.
- Mathews, R. H. (January 1900a). "Divisions of the South Australian Aborigines". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 39 (161): 78–91+93. JSTOR 983545.
- Mathews, R. H. (October–December 1900b). "Phallic Rites and Initiation Ceremonies of the South Australian Aborigines". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 39 (164): 622–638. JSTOR 983778.
- Tindale, Norman Barnett (1974). "Wongkamala (NT)". Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names. Australian National University Press. ISBN 978-0-708-10741-6.