User:Tisquesusa/sandbox9

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of playable nations in the grand strategy game Europa Universalis IV. The game follows a timeline in history from November 11, 1444 until January 3, 1821. Included in the historical countries listed below, are countries that can be formed or spawn after rebellions inside other nations. There are more than 700 former countries playable at the start of the game in 1444.[1] Some countries require special DLC packs. Listed are the technology group, the nation name as it appears in the game, a map closest to the historical country, start and end dates of the real historical nation (in-game years may differ), the capital province as it appears in Europa Universalis IV and the names of the rulers and other people involved in the game. Strong nations at game start are listed in bold, approximate dates in italic.

Western[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Western Aachen
Free Imperial City of Aachen 1306 1801 Aachen [2][3][4]
Alençon
Alençon 1000 1549 Alençon Peter II • Jean I • Jean II • René • Charles IV [2][5][6]
Alsace
Alsace 1354 1679 Elsass Wilhelm II • Konrad IV • Ruprecht I • Albrecht I • Wilhelm III • Erasmus I Johann IV • Johann Georg I • Karl I • Leopold I • Leopold Wilhelm I • Franz Egon I [2][3][7]
Anhalt
Principality of Anhalt 1218 1806 Anhalt Sigismund I • Georg I • Ernst I • Johann II • Joachim Ernst • Johann Georg I • Johann Kasimir I • Johann Georg II • Leopold I • Leopold II Maximilian • Leopold III • Leopold IV [2][3][8]
Ansbach
Principality of Ansbach 1398 1806 Ansbach Friedrich VI • Albrecht II Achilles • Friedrich VII • Georg I der Fromme • Georg Friedrich I • Joachim Ernst I • Friedrich II • Albrecht III • Johann Friedrich I • Christian Albrecht I • Georg Friedrich II • Wilhelm Friedrich I • Karl Wilhelm Freidrich I • Karl Alexander I [2][3][9]
Aquileia
Patria del Friuli 1077 1433 Friuli Antonio I • Antonio II • Lodovico II [2][3][10]
Aragon
Crown of Aragon 1162 1716 Aragón Martí I • Ferran I • Alfons V • Joan II • Ferran II [2][5][11][12]
Armagnac
County of Armagnac 601 1607 Armagnac Bernard VII • Jean IV • Jean V • Charles I • Charles II • Marguerite I [2][5][13]
Athens
Duchy of Athens 1205 1458 Athens Antonio I • Nerio II • Antonio II • Francesco I • Francesco II [2][3][14]
Augsburg
Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg 888 1803 Augsburg Burkhard von Ellerbach • Eberhard II von Kirchberg • Friedrich von Grafeneck • Anselm von Nenningen • Peter von Schaumberg • Johann II von Werdenberg • Friedrich II. von Zollern • Heinrich IV. von Lichtenau • Christoph von Stadion • Otto Truchsess von Waldburg • Johann Eglof von Knöringen • Marquard II. vom Berg • Johann Otto von Gemmingen • Heinrich V. von Knöringen • Sigismund Franz • Johann Christoph • Alexander Sigmund • Johann Franz Schenk • Joseph Ignaz Philipp • Clemens Wenceslaus • Franz Friedrich [2][3][15]
Austria
Archduchy of Austria 1453 1806 Wien Albrecht IV • Albrecht V • Friedrich III • Ladislaus Postumus • Maximilian I • Ferdinand I • Maximilian II • Rudolf II • Matthias I • Ferdinand II • Ferdinand III • Leopold I • Josef I • Karl II • Maria Theresia I • Josef II • Leopold II • Franz II [2][3][16][17]
Auvergne
County of Auvergne 592 1653 Auvergne Jeanne II • Marie • Bertrand II • Bertrand III • Jean III • Anne I • Cathérine I [2][5][18]
Avignon
Avignon Papacy 1309 1377 Avignon Benedictus XIII [2][5][19]
Baden
Margraviate of Baden 1112 1803 Baden Bernhard I • Jakob I • Bernhard II • Karl I • Christoph I • Bernhard III • Philibert I • Philipp II • Eduard Fortunatus I • Ernst Friedrich I • Georg Friedrich I • Wilhelm I • Ludwig Wilhelm I • Ludwig Georg I • August Georg I • Karl Friedrich I • Karl Ludwig Friedrich • Ludwig I [2][3][20][21]
Bar
Duchy of Bar 1033 1766 Barrois Robert I • Edward III • Louis I • Yolande [2][5][22]
Bavaria
Duchy of Bavaria 555 1623 München Ernst I • Albrecht III • Johann IV • Siegmund I • Albrecht IV der Weise • Wilhelm IV • Albrecht V • Wilhelm V • Maximilian I • Ferdinand Maria I • Maximilian II Emanuel • Karl Albrecht I • Maximilian III Joseph • Karl Theodor I • Maximilian IV Joseph [2][3][23][24]
Berry
Duchy of Berry 1360 1820 Berry Jean I [2][5][25]
Bohemia
Kingdom of Bohemia 1198 1918 Prague Václav IV • Jirí • Vladislav II • Ludvik I • Ferdinand I • Maximilian II • Rudolf II • Matthias [2][3][26][27]
Bourbonnais
Duchy of Bourbon 1327 1830 Bourbon Louis II • Jean I • Charles I • Charles II • Pierre II • Suzanne I • Charles III • Charles IV • Antoine I • Henri I • César • Louis II • Louis Joseph [2][5][28]
Brabant
Duchy of Brabant 1430 1795 Brabant Jeanne • Antoine • John IV • Philip I [2][5][29]
Brandenburg
Margraviate of Brandenburg 1157 1806 Brandenburg Siegmund I • Jobst I • Friedrich I • Friedrich II • Albrecht III Achilles • Johann Cicero I • Joachim I Nestor • Joachim II Hektor • Johann Georg I • Joachim Friedrich I • Johann Sigismund I • Georg Wilhelm I • Friedrich Wilhelm I • Friedrich III [2][3][30][31]
Bremen
Duchy of Bremen 1648 1807 Bremen [2][3][32][33]
Brittany
Duchy of Brittany 939 1547 Nantes Jean V • Jean VI • François I • Pierre II • Artur III • François II • Anne I • Claude I • François III [2][5][34][35]
Brunswick
Principality of Brunswick 1269 1815 Brunswick Heinrich der Milde • Heinrich IV • Wilhelm I • Wilhelm II • Heinrich der Ältere • Heinrich der Jüngere • Julius I • Heinrich Julius I • Friedrich Ulrich I • August II • Rudolf August I • Anton Ulrich I • August Wilhelm I • Ludwig Rudolf I • Ferdinand Albrecht I • Karl I • Karl II Wilhelm Ferdinand [2][3][36]
Burgundy
Duchy of Burgundy 1032 1477 Bourgogne Philippe II • Jean II • Philippe III • Charles I • Marie I • Philippe IV • Charles II [2][5][37][38]
Castile
Crown of Castile 1230 1516 Toledo Enrique III • Juan II • Enrique IV • Isabel I • Juana I • Felipe I • Fernando V [2][5][39]
Catalonia
Principality of Catalonia 1162 1714 Barcelona [2][5][5][40]
Champagne
County of Champagne Champagne [2][5]
Clanricarde Clanricarde 1335 1544 Connaught Ulick Ruadh • Ulick Fionn • Richard Óge • John mac Richard Mór • Richard Bacach • Ulick na gCeann • Richard • Ulick • Richard • Ulick • Richard • William • Richard • John • Michael • John Smith • Henry • John • Ulick [2][5]
Cleves
Duchy of Cleves 1092 1795 Kleves Adolf • Johann I • Johann II • Johann III • Wilhelm der Reiche • Johann Wilhelm [2][3]
Cologne
Electorate of Cologne 953 1803 Cologne Friedrich III • Dietrich II von Mörs • Ruprecht I • Hermann IV von Hessen • Phillip II • Hermann V • Adolf III • Anton I • Gebhard I • Friedrich IV • Salentin I • Gebhard II • Ernst I • Ferdinand I • Maximilan Heinrich I • Joseph Clemens I • Clemens August I • Maximilian Friedrich I • Maximilian Franz I • Anton Viktor I • Joachim I • Ludwig I [2][3][41]
Cornwall
Duchy of Cornwall 1335 Cornwall [2][5]
Corsica
Corsican Republic 1755 1769 Corsica Tiadoru I • Clemente Paoli • Pasquale Paoli [2][3]
Cyprus Kingdom of Cyprus 1192 1489 Cyprus Janus • Jean II • Charlotte • Jacques II • Jacques III • Catarina [2][42][43]
Danzig
Free City of Danzig (Napoleonic) 1807 1814 Danzig Franz Joseph I [2][42][44]
Dauphine
Province of the Dauphiné 1349 1790 Dauphiné [2][5]
Denmark
Kalmar Union
Denmark–Norway		 1397 1814 Sjælland Eric VII • Christopher III • Christian I • Hans I • Frederik I • Christian III • Frederik II • Christian IV • Frederik III • Christian V • Frederik IV • Christian VI • Frederik V • Christian VII • Frederik VI [2][3][45]
Desmond
Earldom of Desmond 1118 1596 Cork James • Thomas • James • Maurice • James • Thomas • James • James [2][5][46]
Dithmarschen
Dithmarschen 1499 1559 Dithmarschen Wulf Isebrand • Henning Swyn [2][47]
East Frisia
County of East Frisia 1464 1744 East Frisia Ocko I • Keno II • Ocko II • Focko • Enno Edzardisna • Ulrich I • Edzard I • Enno II • Edzard II • Enno III • Rudolf Christian • Ulrich II • Enno Louis • George Christian • Christian Everhard • George Albert • Charles Edzard [2][3]
England
Kingdom of England 1066 1707 London Henry VI • Edward IV • Edward V • Richard III • Henry VII • Henry VIII • Edward VI • Jane I • Mary I • Elizabeth I • James I • Charles I • Oliver • Richard • Convention Parliament (regent) • Charles II • James II • William III • Anne I [2][5][48]
Etruria
Kingdom of Etruria 1801 1807 Firenze Lodovico I • Lodovico II [2][3]
Estonia
Governorate of Estonia 1721 1917 Reval [2][42]
Ferrara
Duchy of Ferrara 1450 1597 Ferrara Niccolò III • Leonello I • Borso I • Ercole I • Alfonso I • Ercole II • Alfonso II [2][3]
Finland Kingdom of Finland March
1742		 July
1742		 Nyland [2][3][49]
Flanders
County of Flanders 918 1795 Ghent [2][5]
Florence
Republic of Florence
Duchy of Florence		 1115 1569 Firenze Giovanni I • Cosimo • Piero il Gottoso • Lorenzo il Magnifico • Piero il Fatuo • Girolamo Savonarola • Piero Soderini • Giuliano • Lorenzo • Giulio • Alessandro • Cosimo I [2][3][50]
Foix
County of Foix 1290 1607 Béarn Isabelle • Jean I • Gaston IV • François I Phébus [2][5]
France
Kingdom of France 987 1791 Île de France Charles VI • Charles VII • Louis XI • Charles VIII • Louis XII • François I • Henri II • François II • Charles IX • Henri III • Henri IV • Louis XIII • Louis XIV • Louis XV • Louis XVI • Napoléon I • Louis XVIII [2][5][51]
Frankfurt
Free City of Frankfurt 1372 1806 Frankfurt Karl Theodor Anton Maria [2][3]
Friesland
Lordship of Frisia 1524 1795 Friesland Fryske frijheid [2][5]
Gaeldom Gaeldom Inverness [2][5]
Galicia
Kingdom of Galicia 409 1833 Galicia [2][5][52]
Gascony
Guyenne 1259 1792 Gascogne [2][5]
Gelre
Guelders 1096 1795 Gelre Willem • Reinoud IV • Arnold I • Adolf I • Maria I • Karel II • Willem III de Rijke [2][5]
Genoa
Republic of Genoa 1005 1797 Genoa Antonio Adorno • Giorgio Adorno • Tommaso di Campofregoso • Isnardo Guarco • Tommaso di Campofregoso • Raffaele Adorno • Lodovico de Campofregoso • Pietro de Campofregoso • Lodovico de Campofregoso • Prospero Adorno • Battista de Campofregoso • Giano de Campofregoso • Gian Galeazzo • Philippe de Ravenstein • Paolo da Nova • Rodolphe de Lannoy • Giano Maria Fregoso • Ottariano di Campofregosi • Oberto Cattaneo • Battista Spinola • Battista Lomellino • Cristoforo Grimaldi • Giovanni Doria • Andrea Giustiniani • Leonardo Catteneo • Andrea Centurione • Giovanni Fornari • Benedetto Gentile • Gaspari Grimaldi • Luca Spinola • Giacomo Promontorio • Agostino Pinelli • Pietro Chiavica • Gerlamo Vivaldi • Battista Cicala • Givanni Lercari • Ottavio Odorico • Simone Spinola • Paolo Giustiniani • Gianotto Lomellini • Giacomo Durazzo • Prospero Centurione • Giovanni Gentile • Nicolo Doria • Gerolamo de Franchi • Gerolama Chiavari • Ambrogio di Negro • Davide Vacca • Battista Negrone • Giovanni Giustiniani • Antonio Grimaldi • Matteo Senarega • Lazzaro Grimaldi • Lorenzo Sauli • Agostino Doria • Pietro de Franchi • Luca Grimaldi • Gerolamo Assereto • Agostino Pinello • Alessandro Giustiniani • Tomaso Spinola • Bernardo Clavarezza • Giovanni Imperiale • Pietro Durazzo • Giorgio Centurione • Frederico di Franchi • Giacomo Lomellino • Giovanni Chiavari • Andrea Spinola • Leonardo della Torre • Giovanni Doria • Giovanni Brignole • Agostino Pallavicini • Giovanni Durazzo • Agostino de Marini • Giovanni Lercari • Luca Giustiniani • Giovanni Battista • Giacomo de Franchi • Agostino Centurione • Gerolamo de Franchi • Allesandro Spinola • Giulio Sauli • Giovanni Centurione • Gian Frugoni • Antoniotto Invrea • Stefano de Mari • Cesare Durazzo • Cesaro Gentile • Francesco Garbarino • Allesandro Grimaldi • Agostino Saluzzo • Antonio da Passano • Giannettino Odone • Agostino Spinola • Luca Invrea • Francesco Imperiale • Pietro Durazzo • Luca Spinola • Oberto Della Torre • Giovanni Cattaneo • Francesco Invrea • Bendinelli Negrone • Francesco Sauli • Gerolamo de Mari • Federico de Franchi • Antonio Grimaldi • Stefano Ferreti • Domenico de Mari • Vincenzo Durazzo • Francesco Imperiale • Giovanni Giustiniani • Lorenzo Centurione • Benedetto Viale • Ambrogio Imperiale • Cesare de Franchi • Doemico Negrone • Gerolamo Veneroso • Luca Grimaldi • Francesco Balbi • Domenico Spinola • Gianstefano Durazzo • Nicolo Cattaneo • Constantino Balbi • Nicolo Spinola • Dominco Canevaro • Lorenzo de Mari • Giovanni Brignole • Cesare Cattaneo • Agostino Viale • Giovanni Grimaldi • Gian Veneroso • Gian Grimaldi • Matteo Franzoni • Agostino Lomellino • Rodolfo Brignole • Maria Rovere • Marcello Durazzo • Giovanni Negrone • Giovanni Battista Cambiaso • Pier Franco Grimaldi • Brizio Giustiniani • Giuseppe Lomellini • Giacomo Maria Brignole • Marco Gentile • Giovanni Ayroli • Gian Pallavicini • Raffaele de Ferrari • Alerame Pallavicini • Michelangelo Cambiaso • Giuseppe Maria Doria • Giacomo Maria Brignole • Girolamo Durazzo • Girolamo Serra [2][3][53]
Germany
German Confederation 1815 1848 Berlin [2][3][54]
Gotland
Gotland Gotland [2][3][55]
Great Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain 1707 1801 London Anne I • George I • George II • George III • George IV [2][5][56]
Hainaut
County of Hainaut 900 1797 Hainaut Albert • William VI • Jacquette [2][5]
Hamburg
Free Imperial City of Hamburg 894 1806 Hamburg [2][3][57]
Hannover
Electorate of Hanover 1692 1807 Hannover Georg • Christian Ludwig • Georg II Wilhelm • Johann Friedrich • Ernst August • Georg I Ludwig [2][3][58]
Hesse
Landgraviate of Hesse 1264 1567 Hessen Hermann II • Ludwig I • Ludwig II • Wilhelm I • Wilhelm II • Philipp I • Wilhelm IV • Moritz • Wilhelm V • Wilhelm VI • Wilhem VII • Karl • Wilhem VIII • Friedrich II • Wilhelm IX [2][3][59]
Holland
County of Holland 1091 1581 Holland Albert • Willem VI • Jacoba [2][5][60]
Holstein
Duchy of Holstein 1474 1864 Holstein Gerhard VI • Heinrich IV • Adolf VIII • Adolf IX • Friedrich II • Philipp • Johann Adolf • Friedrich III • Christian Albrecht • Friedrich IV • Karl Friedrich • Karl Peter Ulrich [2][3][61]
Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire 800 1806 Brandenburg [2][3][62]
Iceland
Iceland none none Reykyavik [2][5][63]
Ireland
Kingdom of Ireland 1542 1800 Meath Aedh XIV [2][5][64]
Italy
Kingdom of Italy 800 1806 Roma Napoleone I [2][3][65]
Jan Mayen
Jan Mayen none none random [66][note 1]
Kildare
County of Kildare 1297 1800 Kildare Thomas • Gerald • Thomas • Gerald • Henry [2][5]
Kurland
Duchy of Courland 1561 1795 Mitau Gotthard • Friedrich • Jakob • Friedrich Kasimir • Friedrich Wilhelm • Anna Ivanova • Ferdinand • Karl Christian Joseph • Ernst Johann • Peter [2][42][67]
Leinster
Kingdom of Leinster -634 1603 Leinster Art • Donnchad • Murchad IV • Art III • Gearóid I • Muiris I • Muireadhach II • Cathaoir II • Murchadh V • Criomhthann I • Donal IX [2][5]
Liege
Prince-Bishopric of Liège 980 1789 Liege Jean VI • Jean VII • Jean VIII • Louis I de Bourbon • Jean IX • Érard I • Corneille I • Georges I • Robert II • Gérard I • Ernest I • Ferdinand I • Maximilien-Henri I • Jean-Louis I • Joseph-Clément I • Georges-Louis I • Jean-Théodore I • Charles-Nicolas I • François-Charles I • César-Constantin I [2][5]
León
León León [2][5][68]
Livonian Order
Livonian Order 1237 1561 Livland Wennemar Hasenkamp • Konrad von Vietinghof • Diderick Tork • Siegfried Lander • Zisse von Rutenberg • Franco Kerskorff • Heinrich von Bockenforde • Heinrich Vincke • Johann Osthoff • Johann Wolthuss • Bernd von der Borch • Johann Fridach • Wolter von Plettenberg • Hermann Hasenkamp • Johann von der Recke • Heinrich von Galen • Johann Wilhelm • Gotthard Kettler [2][42][69]
Lorraine
Duchy of Lorraine 959 1766 Lothringen Charles II • Jean II • Nicolas I • René II • Antoine I • François I • Charles III • Henri I • François II • Charles IV • Nicolas II • Charles V Léopold • Léopold I Joseph • François III Éttiene • Stanislas I [2][5]
Lucca
Republic of Lucca
Principality of Lucca and Piombino		 1160 1805 Lucca Maria Luisa [2][3][70]
Luxembourg
Duchy of Luxemburg 1353 1581 Luxembourg Jobst I • Elisabeth I [2][5][71]
Lübeck
Free City of Lübeck 1226 1811 Lübeck [2][3][72]
Lüneburg
Principality of Lüneburg 1269 1705 Lüneburg Bernhard I • Otto I • Friedrich der Fromme • Bernhard II • Otto II • Heinrich VII • Ernst I • Ernst II • Christian • August • Friedrich IV • Christian Ludwig • Georg II Wilhelm [2][3]
Magdeburg
Archbishopric of Magdeburg
Duchy of Magdeburg		 1180 1807 Magdeburg Albrecht III • Gunther II • Friedrich III • Johann I • Ernst I • Albrecht IV • Johann Albrecht I • Friedrich III • Sigismund I • Joachim Friedrich I • Christian Wilhelm I • August I [2][3]
Mainz
Electorate of Mainz 780 1803 Mainz Johann II • Konrad III • Dietrich I • Dieter I • Adolf III • Albrecht II • Berthold I • Jakob I • Uriel I • Albrecht III • Sebastian I • Daniel Brendel I • Wolfgang I • Johann Adam I • Johann Schweikhard I • Georg Friedrich I • Anselm Kasimir I • Johann Philipp I • Lothar Friedrich I • Damian Hartrad I • Karl Heinrich I • Anselm Franz I • Lothar Franz I • Franz Ludwig I • Philipp Karl I • Johann Friedrich I • Emmerich Josef I • Friedrich Karl I • Karl Theodor I [2][3][73]
Malta
Malta Malta [2][3]
Mann
Mann 1765 Mann [2][5][74]
Mantua Duchy of Mantua 1530 1708 Mantua Francesco I • Gianfrancesco I • Lodovico III il Turco • Federico I • Francesco II • Federico II • Francesco III • Guglielmo • Vincenzo I • Francesco IV • Ferdinando • Vincenzo II • Carlo I • Carlo II • Ferdinando Carlo [2][3]
Meath
County of Meath Meath [2][5]
Mecklenburg
Duchy of Mecklenburg 1621 1933 Mecklenburg Albert III • Johann IV • Heinrich IV • Magnus II • Heinrich V • Johann Albrecht I • Johann VII • Adolf Friedrich I • Albrecht Wenzel • Christian Ludwig I • Friedrich Wilhelm I • Karl Leopold • Christian Ludwig II • Friedrich der Fromme • Friedrich Franz I [2][3]
Meissen
Margravate of Meissen 965 1423 Wilhelm I • Friedrich IV [2]
Memmingen
Free Imperial City of Memmingen 1268 1803 Memmingen [2][3]
Milan
Duchy of Milan 1395 1796 Milan Gian Galeazzo I • Giovanni Maria I • Filippo Maria I • Francesco I • Galeazzo Maria I • Giovanni Galeazzo II • Ludovico I il Moro • Massimiliano I • Francesco II Maria [2][3][75]
Modena
Duchy of Modena and Reggio 1452 1796 Modena Cesare • Alfonso III • Francesco I • Alfonso IV • Francesco II • Rinaldo III • Francesco III • Ercole III • Francesco IV [2][3]
Montferrat Duchy of Montferrat 1574 1708 Montferrat Teodoro • Giovanni II • Ottone III • Giovanni III • Teodoro II • Gian Giacomo • Giovanni IV • Guglielmo VIII • Bonifacio III • Guglielmo IX • Bonifacio IV • Giangiorgio • Margherita • Francesco III • Guglielmo • Vincenzo I • Francesco IV • Ferdinando • Vincenzo II • Carlo I • Carlo II • Ferdinando Carlo [2][3][76]
Münster
Prince-Bishopric of Münster 1180 1802 Münster Otto IV • Heinrich II • Walram I • Johann I • Heinrich III • Konrad I • Erich I • Friedrich II • Franz I • Wilhelm I • Bernhard I • Johann II • Johann Wilhelm • Ernst I • Ferdinand I • Cristoph Bernhard • Ferdinand II • Maximilian Heinrich • Friedrich Christian • Franz Arnold Wolff • Klemens August • Maximilian Friedrich • Maximilian Franz [2][3][77]
Naples
Kingdom of Naples 1282 1799 Naples Louis II • Ladislao I • Giovanna II • Renato I • Ferdinand I • Alfonso II • Ferdinando II • Federigo IV • Vittorio Amedeo I • Carlo VII • Ferrante IV • Giuseppe I • Gioacchino I Murat [2][3][78]
Nassau
County of Nassau 1125 1806 Nassau Philipp II • Ludwig I • Philipp III • Albert • Philipp IV • Ludwig II • Wilhelm Ludwig • Ernst Casimir • Friedrich • Johann Ernst • Karl August • Karl Christian • Friedrich Wilhelm • Wilhelm [2][3]
Navarra
Kingdom of Navarre 824 1841 Navarra Carlos III • Juan II • Leonor I • Francisco I Febo • Catalina I • Enrique II • Juana III • Enrique III [2][5][79]
Netherlands
Dutch Empire 1384 Holland Willem I • Staten-Generaal (regent) • Maurits I • Frederik Hendrik I • Willem II • Willem III • Willem IV • Willem V • Bataafse Republiek • Rutger Jan • Lodewijk I • Lodewijk II • Willem I [2][5][80]
Nevers County of Nevers 965 1798 Nevers John I • Philip II • Charles I • Jean II • Engelbert I • Charles II • François I [2][5][81]
Normandy
Duchy of Normandy 911 1789 Normandie Charles I [2][5]
Northumberland
Earldom of Northumberland Northumberland [2][5][82]
Norway
Kingdom of Norway Akershus Christian Frederik [2][3][83]
Nuremberg
Free Imperial City of Nuremberg 1219 1806 Nuremberg [2][3]
Oldenburg
County of Oldenburg 1091 1774 Oldenburg Christian VI • Dietrich • Christian VI • Gerhard der Mutige • Adolf • Johann V • Johann VI • Anton I • Johann VII • Anton Günther I • Paul I von Rußland • Friedrich August I • Wilhelm I [2][3]
Orleans
Duchy of Orléans 1344 1926 Orleanais Louis I • Charles I • Louis II • Charles II • Louis III • Charles III • Henri Alexandre I [2][5][84]
The Palatinate
Electoral Palatinate 1085 1803 Heidelberg Rupert III • Ludwig III • Ludwig IV • Friedrich I • Philipp der Edelmütige • Ludwig V • Friedrich II der Weise • Otto Heinrich • Friedrich III der Fromme • Ludwig VI • Friedrich IV • Friedrich V • Karl I Ludwig • Karl II • Philipp Wilhelm • Johann Wilhelm • Karl III Philipp • Karl IV Theodor [2][3][85]
The Papal State
Papal States 754 1870 Roma Bonifatius IX • Innocentius VII • Gregorius XII • Martinus V • Eugenius IV • Nicholaus V • Callistus III • Pius II • Paulus II • Xystus IV • Innocentius VIII • Alexander VI • Pius III • Iulius II • Leo X • Hadrianus VI • Clemens VII • Paulus III • Iulius III • Marcellus II • Paulus IV • Pius IV • Pius V • Gregorius XIII • Xystus V • Urbanus VII • Gregorius XIV • Innocentius IX • Clemens VIII • Leo XI • Paulus V • Gregorius XV • Urbanus VIII • Innocentius X • Alexander VII • Clemens IX • Clemens X • Innocentius XI • Alexander VIII • Innocentius XII • Clemens XI • Innocentius XIII • Benedictus XIII • Clemens XII • Benedictus XIV • Clemens XIII • Clemens XIV • Pius VI • Pius VII [2][3][86]
Parma
Duchy of Parma 1545 1802 Parma Pier Luigi • Ottavio • Alessandro • Ranuccio I • Odoardo I • Ranuccio II • Francesco Maria • Antonio • Carlo I • Filippo I • Ferdinando I • Maria Luigia [2][3]
Picardy
Province of Picardy Picardie [2][5]
Pisa
Republic of Pisa 1005 1406 Pisa Simone Orlandi [2][3]
Pomerania
Duchy of Pomerania 1121 1637 Stettin Barnim VI • Wartislaw IX • Ota III • Eryk II • Boguslaw X • Barnim XI • Johann Friedrich • Barnim XII • Boguslaw XIII • Filip II • Franciszek I • Boguslaw XIV [2][3][87]
Portugal
Kingdom of Portugal 1139 1910 Lisboa João I • Duarte • Infante Pedro (regent) • Afonso V • João II • Manuel I • João III • Sebastião I • Henrique I o Cardeal-Rei • António I • João IV • Afonso VI • Pedro II • João V • José I • Maria I • João VI [2][5][88]
Provence
County of Provence 879 1481 Provence Louis II • Louis III • René I • Charles III [2][5][89]
Prussia
Prussia 1525 1947 Königsberg Albrecht • Albrecht Friedrich • Johann Sigismund • Georg Wilhelm • Friedrich Wilhelm • Friedrich I • Friedrich Wilhelm I • Friedrich II der Große • Friedrich Wilhelm II • Friedrich Wilhelm III [2][42][90]
Ravensburg
County of Ravensberg 1140 1807 Oberschwaben [2][3]
Riga
Archbishopric of Riga 1186 1561 Riga Johann V • Johann VI • Henning Scharffenberg • Silvester Stodwescher • Stephan Grube • Michael Hildebrand • Jasper Linde • Johann IV Blankenfelde • Thomas Schöning • Wilhelm von Brandenburg [2][42][91]
Roman Empire
Eastern Roman Empire 330 1453 Roma [2][3][92]
Salzburg
Archbishopric of Salzburg 1328 1803 Salzburg Gregor Schenk • Eberhard III • Eberhard IV • Johann II • Friedrich IV • Siegmund I von Reisperg • Burkhard von Weisspriach • Bernhard II von Rohr • Johann III von Gran • Friedrich von Schaumburg • Siegmund II von Holneck • Leonhard von Keutschach • Matthaus von Wellenburg • Ernst von Bayern • Michael von Khuenburg • Johann Jakob von Kuon • Georg von Khuenburg • Wolfgang von Rattenau • Mark Sittich von Altemps • Paris von Lodron • Guidobald von Thun • Maximilian von Khuenburg • Johann Ernst von Thun • Franz Anton von Harrach • Leopold Anton von Firman • Jakob von Liechtenstein • Andreas von Dietrichstein • Siegmund III Christof • Hieronymus von Colloredo • Ferdinand von Österreich [2][3]
Sardinia
Kingdom of Sardinia 1324 1861 Sassari Mariano V • Guglielmo I [2][3]
Sardinia-Piedmont
Kingdom of Sardinia (1700–1720) 1700 1720 Piedmont Vittorio Amedeo II • Carlo Emanuele III • Vittorio Amedeo III • Carlo Emanuele IV • Vittorio Emanuele I [2][3][93]
Savoy
Duchy of Savoy 1416 1792 Savoie Amedeo VIII • Ludovico I • Amedeo IX • Filiberto I • Carlo I • Carlo II • Filippo II • Filiberto II • Carlo III • Emanuele Filiberto I • Carlo Emanuele I • Vittorio Amedeo I • Francesco Giacinto • Carlo Emanuele II • Vittorio Amedeo II [2][3][94]
Saxe-Lauenburg
Saxe-Lauenburg 1296 1803 Lauenburg Erich IV • Erich V • Bernhard II • Johann V • Magnus I • Franz I • Franz II • August • Julius Heinrich • Francis Erdmann • Julius Franz [2][3]
Saxony
Electorate of Saxony 1356 1806 Leipzig Rudolf III • Albrecht III • Friedrich I • Friedrich II • Albrecht I der Beherzte • Georg der Bärtige • Heinrich der Fromme • Moritz I • August • Christian I • Christian II • Johann Georg I • Johann Georg II • Johann Georg III • Johann Georg IV • Friedrich August I • Friedrich August II • Friedrich Christian • Friedrich August III [2][3][95]
Scandinavia Scandinavia Stockholm [2][3][96]
Scotland
Kingdom of Scotland 843 1707 Lothian Robert III • James I • James II • James III • James IV • James V • Mary I • James VI • Charles I • Alexander • Charles II • James VII • William III • James VIII • Anne [2][5][97]
Sicily
Kingdom of Sicily 1130 1816 Syracuse Maria I • Vittorio Amedeo II • Ferrante IV [2][3]
Siena
Republic of Siena 1167 1555 Siena John Galeazzo • John Maria • Pandolfo Petrucci • Cesare Borgia • Pandolfo Petrucci • Borghese Petrucci • Raffaele Petrucci • Francesco Petrucci • Fabio Petrucci [2][3][98]
Silesia
Duchies of Silesia 1335 1742 Ratibor Henryk IX • Ruprecht II • Ludwik III • Fryderyk I • Jan II • Fryderyk II • Fryderyk III • Henryk XI • Fryderyk IV • Joachim Fryderyk I • Jan Krystian I • Jerzy III • Krystian I • Jerzy Wilhelm I [2][42][99]
Sligo
County of Sligo Sligo Toirdhealbhach • Maghnus • Tadhg • Domhnall • Ruaidhrà • Feidhlimidh • Tadhg • Domnhnall • An Calbhach • Donnchadh [2][5][100]
Spain
Spanish Empire 1492 1975 Madrid Carlos I • Carlos V • Felipe II • Felipe III • Felipe IV • Carlos II • Felipe V • Luis I • Felipe V • Fernando VI • Carlos III • Carlos IV • Fernando VII • José I • Fernando VII [2][5][101]
Styria
Duchy of Styria 1180 1918 Graz Wilhelm I • Ernst I • Friedrich III [2][3]
Sweden
Swedish Empire 1611 1721 Stockholm Karl VIII • Jöns Bengtsson • Ture Turesson • Karl VIII • Kettil Karlsson • Jöns Bengtsson • Erik Axelsson • Karl VIII • Sten Gustavsson • Arvid • Svante Nilsson • Sten Svantesson • Gustav • Gustav I • Erik XIV • Johan III • Sigismund • Karl IX • Gustav II Adolf • Kristina • Karl X Gustav • Karl XI • Karl XII • Ulrika Eleonora • Fredrik I • Adolf Fredrik • Gustav III • Gustav IV Adolf • Karl XIII • Karl XIV Johan [2][3][102]
Switzerland
Old Swiss Confederacy 1300 1798 Bern [2][3][103]
Teutonic Order
State of the Teutonic Order 1230 1525 Königsberg Konrad von Jungingen • Ulrich von Jungingen • Heinrich von Plauen • Michael Küchmeister • Paul von Rusdorf • Konrad von Erlichshausen • Ludwig von Erlichschausen • Heinrich Reuss von Plauen • Heinrich Reffle von Richtenberg • Martin von Wetzhausen • Johann von Tiefen • Friedrich von Sachsen • Albrecht von Hohenzollern [2][42][104]
Tirol
County of Tyrol 1140 1919 Tirol Wilhelm I • Friedrich IV • Sigismund I • Friedrich V • Maximilian I • Karl I • Ferdinand I • Ferdinand II • Rudolf • Maximilian II • Leopold V • Claudia de Medici (regent) • Ferdinand Charles • Sigismund Francis [2][3]
The Knights
Knights Hospitaller 1099 Malta Philibert de Naillac • Anton Flavian de Ripa • Jean Bonpar de Lastic • Jacques de Milly • Piero Raimondo Zacosta • Giovanni Battista Orsini • Pierre d'Aubusson • Emery d'Amboise • Guy de Blanchefort • Fabrizio Di Caretto • Philippe de L'Isle Adam • Piero del Ponte • Didier de Sainte-Jaille • Jean de Homedes • Claude de La Sangle • Jean de La Valette • Pietro del Monte • Jean de la Cassière • Hughes de Verdalle • Martin Garzès • Alof de Wignacourt • Luis Mendes de Vasconcellos • Antoine de Paule • Jean Lascaris Castellar • Martin de Redin • Annett de Clermont-Gessan • Raphael Cotoner Olesa • Nicolas Cotoner • Gregorio Carafa • Adrien de Wignacourt • Ramon Perellos y Rocaful • Marc'Antonio Zondadori • Antonio Manoel de Vilhena • Ramon Despuig • Manuel Pinto de Fonseca • Francisco Ximenes de Texada • Emmanuel de Rohan-Polduc • Ferdinand von Hampesch [2][3][105]
Thomond
Thomond 1118 1543 Limerick Turlough III • Conchobhar III • Tadhg III • Mathghamhain Dall • Turlough IV • Tadhg IV • Donnchad VIII • Conchobhar IV • Turlough V • Turlough VI • Conchobhar V • Muireadhach II [2][5][106]
Thuringia
Duchy of Thuringia 632 1440 Thüringen Balthasar I • Friedrich IV • Friedrich V • Wilhelm III • Ernst I • Friedrich III • Johann I • Johann Friedrich I • Johann Wilhelm I • August of Saxony's Regency (regent) • Friedrich Wilhelm I • Johann III • Johann Ernst I • Wilhelm IV • Johann Ernst II • Wilhelm Ernst • Ernst August I • Ernst August II • Anna Amalia's Regency (regent) • Karl August [2][3][107]
Toulouse
County of Toulouse 849 1271 Toulouse [2][5]
Trier
Electorate of Trier 898 1801 Trier Werner von Falkenstein • Otto von Ziegenhain • Rhaban von Helmstadt • Jakob von Sirk • Johann I von Baden • Jakob II von Baden • Richard Greiffenklau • Johann von Metzenhausen • Johann IV von Hagen • Johann V von Isenburg • Johann VI von der Leyen • Jakob III von Eltz • Johann von Schönenberg • Lothar von Metternich • Philipp von Söttern • Karl Kaspar von der Leyen • Johann VIII von Osbeck • Karl von Lothringen • Franz Ludwig von Neuburg • Franz Georg von Schönborn • Johann von Walderdorf • Klemens von Sachsen [2][3]
Tuscany
Grand Duchy of Tuscany 1569 1801 Tuscany Maso degli Albizzi • Rinaldo degli Albizzi • Giovanni I de Medici • Cosimo de Medici • Piero il Gottoso de Medici • Lorenzo il Magnifico • Piero il Fatuo • Girolamo Savonarola • Piero Soderino • Giuliano de Medici • Lorenzo de Medici • Giulio di Medici • Alessandro de Medici • Cosimo I • Francesco I • Ferdinando I • Cosimo II • Ferdinando II • Cosimo III • Gian Gastone • Francesco II • Pietro Leopoldo I • Ferdinando III [2][3][108]
Tyrone
Earldom of Tyrone Ulster Niall • Donal • Eoghan II • Einrí I • Conn I • Einrí II • Donal XIV • Art I • Art II • Conn II Bacach • Séan I • Turlough I • Áed XIV [2][5]
Ulm
Free Imperial City of Ulm 1181 1803 Ulm [2][3]
Ulster
Earldom of Ulster 1205 1827 Ulster Art Roe • Donal • Arthur [2][5]
Urbino
Duchy of Urbino 1213 1625 Urbino Antonio I • Gidantonio I • Oddantonio I • Federigo III • Guidobaldo I • Cesare I • Francesco I • Lorenzo I • Caterina I • Guidobaldo II • Francesco Maria II • Francesco Ubaldo I [2][3]
Utrecht
Episcopal principality of Utrecht 1024 1528 Utrecht Frederick III • Rudolf I • Gijsbrecht I • David I • Frederik IV • Filips I • Hendrik II [2][5]
Venice
Republic of Venice 697 1797 Venezia Antonio Venier • Michele Steno • Tomasso Mocenigo • Francesco Foscarini • Pasquale Malipiero • Cristoforo Moro • Nicolò Tron • Nicolò Marcello • Pietro Mocenigo • Andrea Vendamin • Giovanni Mocenigo • Marco Barbango • Agostino Barbango • Leonardo Loredano • Antonio Grimani • Andrea Gritti • Pietro Lando • Franco Donato • Francesco Venier • Laurenti Priuli • Girolamo Priuli • Pietro Loredan • Alvise Mocenigo I • Sebastiano Venier • Nicoló da Ponte • Pasquale Cicogna • Marino Grimani • Leonardo Loredano II • Marco Memo • Giovanni Bembo • Nicoló Donato • Antonio Priulo • Franco Contarini • Giovanni Cornari I • Nicoló Contarini • Francesco Erizzo • Francesco Molino • Carlo Contarini • Francesco Cornello • Bertuccio Valiero • Giovanni Pesaro • Domenico II Contarini • Nicoló Sagredo • Alvise Contarini • Marcantonio Giustiniani • Francesco Morosini • Silvestro Valiero • Alvise II Mocenigo • Giovanni Cornaro II • Alvise III Mocenigo • Carlo Ruzzini • Alvise Pisani • Pietro Grimani • Francesco Loredan • Marco Foscarini • Alvise IV Mocenigo • Paulo Rainiero • Ludovico Manin [2][3][109]
Verden
Verden 1180 1807 Stade Otto II • Johann II • Nicolaus I • Baldwin I • Gerhard III • Heinrich II • Johann III Rode • Cristoph I • Georg I • Heinrich III • Johann Adolf I • Johann Friedrich I • Friedrich II [2][3][110]
Wales
Principality of Wales 1216 1542 Gwynedd [2][5][111]
Westphalia
Kingdom of Westphalia 1807 1813 Hessen Jérôme [2][3][112]
Wurttemberg
Duchy of Württemberg 1495 1803 Württemberg Eberhard III • Eberhard IV • Ulrich V • Eberhard I • Eberhard II • Ulrich • Christoph • Ludwig der Fromme • Friedrich I • Johann Friedrich • Eberhard III • Wilhelm Ludwig • Friedrich Karl • Eberhard Ludwig • Karl Alexander • Karl Eugen • Ludwig Eugen • Friedrich II Eugen • Friedrich I • William I [2][3]
Wurzburg
Bishopric of Würzburg 1168 1803 Würzburg Gerhard • Johann I • Johann II • Sigmund von Sachsen • Gottfried IV • Johann III von Grumbach • Rudolf II von Schrenberg • Lorenz von Bibra • Konrad von Thüngen • Heinrich Pfeiffer • Konrad von Bibra • Melchior von Giebelstadt • Friedrich von Wirsberg • Julius von Mespelbrunn • Johann von Aschausen • Philipp von Ehrenberg • Franz von Hatzfeld • Johann von Schönborn • Johann von Rosenbach • Peter von Dernbach • Konrad Wilhelm von Wernau • Johann von Guttenberg • Johann von Greiffenklau • Johann Philipp Franz • Christoph von Hutten • Friedrich von Schönborn • Anselm von Ingelheim • Karl von Greiffenklau • Adam von Seinsheim • Franz Ludwig von Erthal • Georg Karl von Fechenbach • Ferdinand von Osterreich [2][3][113]

Eastern[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Eastern Achaea
Principality of Achaea 1205 1432 Achaea Pietro I • Maria II • Centurione II [2][42]
Albania
Principality of Kastrioti 1389 1468 Albania Gjergj Skanderbeg • Gjon II • Constantino [2][42][114]
Armenia
Turkmen Armenia 1335 1508 Yerevan [2][42][115]
Bosnia
Kingdom of Bosnia 1377 1463 Visoki Stjepan Ostoja • Stjepan Ostojic • Radivoj Ostojic • Stjepan Tvrtko II • Stjepan Tomaš Ostojic • Stjepan Tomaševic [2][42][115]
Bulgaria
Second Bulgarian Empire 1185 1422 Tarnovo [2][42][116]
Byzantium
Byzantine Empire 330 1453 Constantinople Manuel II • Ioannes VIII • Konstantinos XI [2][42][117]
Chernigov
Principality of Chernigov 988 1402 Chernigov [2][42]
Circassia
Circassia 1500 1864 Circassia Petrezok [2][42][118]
Commonwealth
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1569 1795 Krakow Henryk I • Stefan I • Zygmunt III • Wladyslaw IV • Jan II Kazimierz • Michal I Korybut • Jan III • August II Mocny • Stanislaw I • August III Sas • Stanislaw II [2][42][119]
Corfu
Corfu under Venetian rule 1363 1797 Corfu Carlos I • Carlos II • Leonardo II [2][42]
Crete
Ottoman Crete 1646 1898 Crete [2][42]
Croatia
Croatia in the union with Hungary 1102 1526 Zagreb John • László • Herman II • Mirko • Ivan • Blaz Madar • Damjan • Herceg Ivan • Ivan • Mirko • Ivan [2][42][120]
Epirus
Despotate of Epirus 1356 1479 Crete Esau I • Giorgio I • Carlos I • Carlos II [2][42]
Galicia-Volhynia
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia 1199 1349 Volhynia [2][42]
Georgia
Kingdom of Georgia
Kingdom of Kartli		 1008 1762 Kartli Giorgi VII • Konstantine I • Aleksandre I • Vakhtang IV • Giorgi VII • Bagrat VI • Konstantiné II • Davit X • Giorgi IX • Luarsab I • Simon I • Giorgi X • Heraclius II [2][42][121]
Greece
Ottoman Greece 1458 1832 Athens [2][42][122]
Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary I
Kingdom of Hungary II		 1301 1867 Pest Sigismund I • Ladislaus Postumus • Mátyás • János I • János II • István • Christofer • Sigismund • Mihai Viteazul • István • Gábor • György I • György II • Ferenc I • Ferenc II [2][42][123]
Imereti
Kingdom of Imereti 1260 1810 Imereti Bagrat II • Alexander II • Bagrat III • George II • Levan • Rostom • Bagrat IV • George III • Alexander III • Bagrat IV • George IV • Alexander IV • Archil • George V • Simon • Mamia III • George VI • George VII • Alexander V • Solomon I • David II • Solomon II [2][124]
Jerusalem
Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 1291 Jerusalem [2][42][125]
Karelia
East Karelia 1617 1918 Karelia [2][42]
Kiev
Kiev Voivodeship 1471 1793 Kiev [2][42][126]
Krakow
Krakow Voivodeship 1300 1795 Krakow [2][42]
Lithuania
Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1236 1795 Vilna Vytautas • Svitrigaila • Zygimantas • Kazimierz • Aleksandras I • Zygimantas I Stary • Zygimantas II August [2][42][127]
Livonia
Duchy of Livonia 1561 1621 Dorpat [2][42]
Mazovia
Duchy of Masovia 1138 1526 Warszawa Janusz I • Boleslaw IV • Konrad III Rudy • Stanislaw • Janusz III [2][42]
Moldavia
Moldavia 1346 1859 Iuga Koriatovici • Alexandru I cel Bun • Ilias I • Stefan II • Petru III • Roman II • Petru II • Bogdan II • Petru III Aron • Stefan III cel Mare • Bogdan III • Petru IV Rares • Ilias II • Alexandru IV • Ioan III cel Cumplit • Petru V Schiopul • Stefan VIII • Ieremia Movila • Constantin I Movila • Stefan IX Tomsa • Alexandru VIII Coronul • Vasile • Gheorge I Stefan • Stefan X • Eustratie • Gheorge III • Constantin III Cantemir • Constantin IV • Mahai III • Dimitrie • Nicolae • Grigore I • Constantin V • Constantin VI • Grigore II • Grigore III • Constantin VII • Alexandru IX • Alexandru X • Alexandru XI • Mahai IV Sutu • Alexandru XII • Constantin VIII • Alexandru XIII • Scarlat II • Mahai V [2][42]
Montenegro
Zeta under the Crnojevići
Zeta under the Crnojevići
Sanjak of Scutari
Montenegro Vilayet
Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro		 1362 1852 Zeta Djurad II • Balsha III • Stepan I • Jovan I • Djuradj IV • Stepan II • Jovan II • Djuradj V • Vavila • German II • Pavle • Vasilije I • Nikodim • Makrije • Rufim I • Pahomije II • Gerasim • Venjamin • Nikanor • Rufim II • Mardarija I • Visarion I • Mardarija II • Rufim III • Vasilije II • Visarion II • Sava I • Danilo I • Sava II • Petar I [2][42][128]
Morea
Despotate of the Morea 1349 1460 Morea Theodoros I • Theodoros II • Demetrios II [2][42]
Muscovy
Grand Duchy of Moscow 1283 1547 Moskva Vasiliy I • Vasiliy II Temny • Ivan III Veliky [2][42][129]
Naxos
Duchy of Naxos 1207 1579 Naxos Giacomo I • Giovanni II • Giacomo II • Gian Giacomo • Guglielmo II • Francesco II • Giacomo III • Giovanni III • Francesco III • Giovanni IV • Giacomo IV • Giuseppe [2][42][130]
Nitra
Principality of Nitra Érsekújvár [2][42]
Nizhny Novgorod
Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod Dmitry I [2][42][131]
Novgorod
Novgorod Republic 1136 1478 Novgorod Evfimy II • Iona • Feofil [2][42][132]
Odoyev Odoyev Odayev Ivan • Semen [2][42]
Perm
Great Perm 1323 1505 Cherdyn Yermolay I • Mikhail I • Matvey I [2][42][133]
Poland
Kingdom of Poland 1385 1569 Krakow Kazimierz IV • Jan I Olbracht • Aleksander I • Zygmunt I Stary • Zygmunt II August • Henryk I • Stefan I • Zygmunt III • Wladyslaw IV • Jan II Kazimierz • Michal I Korybut • Jan III • August II Mocny • Stanislaw I • August III Sas • Stanislaw II [2][42][134]
Polotsk
Principality of Polotsk 987 1397 Polotsk [2][42][135]
Pskov
Pskov Republic 1348 1510 Pskov Ivan • Daniil • Konstantin • Aleksandr IV • Andrei II • Fyodor I • Fyodor II • Dmitriy I • Vladimir II • Aleksandr V • Aleksandr VI • Vasiliy III • Ivan IV • Valdimir III • Ivan V • Fyodor III • Yaroslav II • Daniil II • Vasiliy IV • Semyon • Vasiliy V • Ivan VI • Dmitriy • Ivan VII [2][42][136]
Ragusa
Republic of Ragusa 1358 1808 Ragusa [2][42][137]
Russia
Tsardom of Russia
Russian Empire		 1547 1917 Moskva Ivan III Veliky • Vasiliy III • Ivan IV Grozny • Fedor I • Boris I • Dmitry • Vasiliy IV • Vladislav I • Mikhail I • Aleksey I • Fedor III • Pyotr I Veliky • Yekaterina I • Pyotr II • Anna I • Ivan VI • Elizaveta I • Pyotr III • Yekaterina II Velikaya • Pavel I • Aleksandr I [2][42][138]
Ruthenia
Ruthenian Voivodeship 1434 1772 Kiev [2][42][139]
Ryazan Principality of Ryazan 1097 1521 Ryazan Oleg Ivanovich • Fyodor Olegovich • Ivan Fyodorovich [2][42][140]
Romania
Early Modern Romania 1600 1881 Targoviste [2][42][141]
Sapmi
Sápmi Lappland [2][42][142]
Serbia
Serbian Despotate
Revolutionary Serbia
Principality of Serbia		 1402 1459 Serbia Stefan II • Ðurad I • Lazar II • Stefan III • Stjepan Tomaševic • Ðorde I Petrovic • Milosh I [2][42][143]
Smolensk Principality of Smolensk 1054 1387 Smolensk Yury I [2][42][144]
Theodoro
Principality of Theodoro 1300 1475 Theodoro Alexis • Manuel Olubei • Isaac • Alexander [2][42][145]
Transylvania
Principality of Transylvania 1570 1711 Hunyad Stibor • Miklós • János • János I • János II • István • Christofer • Sigismund • Mihai • István • Gábor • Gábor • György I • György II • Ferenc I • Ferenc II [2][42][146]
Trebizond
Empire of Trebizond 1204 1461 Trebizond Manuel III • Alexios IV • Ioannes IV • Dauid [2][42][147]
Tver Principality of Tver 1246 1485 Tver Mikhail II • Ivan • Boris • Mikhail III • Ivan II [2][42][148]
Wallachia
Wallachia 1330 1859 Tîrgoviste Mircea I • Mihail I • Radu II Chelul • Dan II • Alexandru I • Vlad II • Basarab II • Vladislav II • Vlad III Tepes • Radu II cel Frumos • Basarab II Laoiota • Basarab III cel Tînar • Vlad IV Calugarul • Radu IV cel Mare • Neagoe Basarab • Radu V de la Afumati • Mircea III Ciobanul • Petru cel Tînar • Alexandru II • Mihnea II Turcitul • Mihai II Viteazul • Radu IX Mihnea • Alexandru V Coconul • Leon • Matei I Basarab • Constantin I • Grigore I • Gheorge II • Serban II • Constantin II • Nicolae II • Constantin III • Alexandru VII • Grigore III • Alexandru VII • Mihai IV Sutu • Alexandru VIII • Constantin V • Constantin VI • Ioan II • Alexandru IX Sutu [2][42][149]
Yaroslavl Principality of Yaroslavl 1218 1463 Yaroslavl Ivan Bolshoy • Fedor • Alexandr Bryukhatiy [2][42][150]
Zaporozhie
Zaporizhian Sich 1471 1828 Zaporozhia Lyantskoronsky • Kishka • Vishnevetsky-Bayda • M. Vishnevetsky • Ivan Svirgovsky • Bogdan Ruzhinsky • Ivan II Pidkova • Yakiv I Shakh • Lukyan Chornynsky • Samiylo II • Zakhar Kulaga • Lukyan Chornsky • Semen I Skalozub • V Chanovytsky • K. Kosynsky • G. Loboda • Shaula, Krempsky & Nech • Gnat Vassylevsky • Baybuza & Polous • Gavrylo Kortnevych • Samiylo III Kishka • Kortnevych & Kutskovych • Zborovsky • Andriyevch • Tyskinevych • P. Sagaydachny • Olifer Golub • M. Doroshenko • M. Doroshenko • K. Vovk • Ivan V Sulyma • G. Chorny • Orendarenko • Ivan VI Kulaga • Gavrylovych • Samiylo IV Sulyma • Ivan V Sylyma • Vassyl Tomylenko • Sava, Pavlyuk & Gunya • Gunya • Karpo P. • Gulak-Bulyuk • Bogdan IV Khmelnitsky • Ivan I Vygovskyy • Yuriy Khmelnitsky • Divisional Hetmans • Ivan IV Mazep • Ivan V Skoropadsky • Pavlo II Polubotok • Danylo Apostol • Rozumovsky [2][42][151]

Anatolian[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Anatolian Aydin
Beylik of Aydin 1308 1426 Sugla Umar II • Junayd [2][124]
Candar
Beylik of Candar 1292 1461 Sinop Isfendiyar • Ibrâhim II • Ismâil • Ahmed [2][124]
Dulkadir
Beylik of Dulkadir 1337 1522 Marash Mehmed • Sülaymân • Melik Arslan • Sâh Budak • Sahsuvar • Alaüddevle Bozkurt • Sahsuvaroglu Ali [2][124]
Eretna
Beylik of Eretna 1335 1381 Sivas [2][124]
Germiyan
Beylik of Germiyan 1300 1429 Kütahya Yakub II [2][124]
Karaman
Beylik of Karaman 1250 1487 Karaman Alâeddîn I • Seyfeddîn Süleymân • Mehmed II • Alâeddîn Ali II • Ibrâhîm II • Sultanzâde Ishâk • Pîr Ahmed • Kâsim • Turgutoglu Mahmûd [2][124][152]
Mentese
Beylik of Menteşe 1260 1424 Mentese Ilyas I [2][124]
Ottomans
Ottoman Empire 1299 1922 Edirne Mehmet II Fatih • Murad II • Bayezid II • Selim I Yavuz • Süleyman I Kanuni • Selim II • Murad III • Mehmet III • Ahmet I • Mustafa I Deli • Osman II • Mustafa I • Murad IV • Ibrahim I • Mehmet IV • Süleyman II • Ahmet II • Mustafa II • Ahmet III • Mahmud I • Osman III • Mustafa III • Abdülhamid I • Selim III • Mustafa IV • Mahmud II [2][124][153]
Ramazan
Beylik of Ramazan 1352 1608 Adana Sihâbeddîn Ahmed I • Ibrâhim II • Izeddîn Hamza I • Mehmed I • Eylük I • Dündar I • Ömer I • Giyâseddîn Halil I • Selim I • Mahmud I • Kubad Pasa I • Pîrî Mehmed Pasa I • Dervis I • Ibrahim III • Mehmed II • Pir Mansur I [2][124]
Saruhan
Beylik of Saruhan 1300 1410 Saruhan Hizir I [2][124]

Muslim[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Muslim Adal
Adal Sultanate 1415 1577 Harer Sabr • Mansur • Jamal • Badlay • Mohammed • Shams • Mohamed • Mahfuz • 'Abu • Ahmad Gran • Bat'iah • Nur [2][154]
Afghanistan
Hotak dynasty
Durrani Empire
Emirate of Afghanistan		 1501 1926 Kandahar Hakim • Mir Ways • Mir 'Abd-al'Aziz • Mir Mahmud • Mir Ashraf • Mir Husayn • Ahmad Shah Durr-i-Durran • Taimur Shah • Zaman Shah • Mahmud Shah • Shuja Shah • Mahmud Shah • Ali Shah • Ayub Shah [2][124][155]
Algiers
Ottoman Algeria 1517 1830 Algiers Salim • Oruc Reis • Hayreddin Barbarossa • Hasan • Salah Reis • Hasan • Muhammad • Hasan • Ahmad • Hasan • Muhammad • Uluç Ali Reis • Ahmed • Ramadan • Hassan • Djafar • Ahmad • Khizr • Shaban • Mustafa • Hassan • Süleyman • Khizr • Mustafa • Rizvan • Mustafa • Hassan • Mustafa • Hassan • Khizr • Murad • Hussein • Yusuf • Abu • Muhammed • Yusuf • Mehmed • Ismail • Chabane • Ahmed • Hassan • Mustafa • Hussein • Muhamed • Ibrahim • 'Ali I • Muhammad I • 'Abdi • Ibrâhîm I • Ibrâhîm II • Muhammad II • 'Alî II • Muhammad III • Mustafa • Ahmed • 'Alî III • 'Umar • 'Alî IV • Husain III [2][124][156]
Andalusia
Andalusia Cordoba [2][124][157]
Arabia
Arabian Peninsula Mecca [2][124][158]
Ardalan
Ardalan 1169 1867 Ardalan Bawa • Timur • Helo • Ahmad • Soleiman • Sobhanverdi • Khosrow • Aman-Allah [2][124]
Baluchistan
Khanate of Kalat 1666 1955 Quetta Kumbar • Mir Chakar • Mir Shahzad • Kumbar • Hasan • Ahmad I • Mir Mehrab I • Samandar • Ahmad II • Mir Abdullah • Mir Muhabbat • Mir Muhammad Naseer I • Mir Mahmud I [2][124][159]
Bohtan
Bohtan 700 1847 Cizre Badr Khan [2][124]
Bukhara
Khanate of Bukhara
Emirate of Bukhara		 1500 1920 Kypshak Muhammad • Kochkunju • Abu Said • Ubaydulla • Abdulla I • Abdul-Aziz • Abdul-Latif • Navruz Ahmad • Pir Muhammad I • Iskandar • Abdulla II • Abdul-Mumin • Pir Muhammad II • Baqi Muhammad • Vali Muhammad • Imam Quli • Nadir Muhammad • Abdul-Aziz • Subhan Quli • Ubaydulla II • Abu'l-Feiz • Abdul-Mumin • Muhammad Rahim • Daniyal • Shahmurad • Haydar [2][160]
Djerid
Sultanate of Djerid Gafsa Abu • Abu II • Hassan • Hassan II • Hassan III • Abu III • Abu IV • Abu V • Hassan IV [2][154]
Egypt
Egypt Eyalet 1517 1867 Cairo [2][161]
Fez
Wattasid dynasty 1472 1554 Fez Muhammad I • Muhammad II • Ali Abu Hassun (regent) • Ahmad • Mohammed al-Hajj [2][154]
Fezzan
Sultanate of Fezzan Fezzan Abdûlazzâ • Abdûlazzâ II • Abdûlazzâ III • Muhammad ibn al-Mustansir • Al-Nasir • Al-Mansur • Tahir • Muhammad I • Nagib • Muhammad II al-Nasir • Muhammad III • Ahmad I • Tahir II • Ahmad II • Muhammad IV • Muhammad V • Muhammad VI • Yusuf al-Mukkani [2][154]
Gazikumukh Gazikumukh Shamkhalate
Gazikumukh Khanate		 700 1860 Khundzia Shamkhal • Alibek • Umal-Muhammad • Budai • Surkhay I • Chopan • Alibek I • Surkhay II • Andia • Eldar • Aidermir • Alibek II • Surkhay III • Murtazali • Muhammad • Surkhay IV [2][124]
Granada
Emirate of Granada 1238 1492 Granada Muhammad VII • Yûsuf III • Muhammad VIII • Muhammad IX • Muhammad X • Sa'd I Ciriza • Yûsuf V • Alí I Muley Hacén • Muhammad XII Boabdil • Muhammad XIII [2][5][162]
Haasa Haasa ? 1795 Al-Qatif Ajwad ibn Zamil • Muqrin ibn Zamil • Muhammad I • Sadun I • Barrak I • Ali • Sulyaman • Urayir ibn Dudjayn • Sadun II • Zayid • Barrak II • Nadjim ibn Duhaynim • Sulayman ibn Muhammad [2][124]
Hejaz
Sharifate of Mecca
Hejaz		 968 1925 Mecca Ahmad III • Hasan II • Barakât I • 'Ali III • Abu'l Qasim • Barakât I • Muhammad V • Barakât II • Muhammad VI • al-Hasan III • Abu't-Tâlib • Idrîs II • Muhsîn I • Ahmad VI • Mas'ûd I • 'Abd Allâh I • Zayid • Sa'd I • Barakât III • Ahmad VII • Ahmad VIII • Mushîn II • Sa'd I • Sa'id II • 'Abd al-Karîm • Yahyâ I • Mubârak • 'Abdilâh I • Muhammad VIII • Mas'ûd III • Musâ'ad • Ahmad IX • Surur • Gâlib • Yahyâ II [2][124][163]
Hormuz Ormus 900 1650 Hormuz Fakhr al-Din [2][124][164]
Hisn Kayfa
Hisn Kayfa Sultanate 1350 1462 Hisn Kayfa al-'Adil Fakhr al-Din • al-Ashraf Sharaf al-Din • al-Salih Salah al-Din • al-Kamil IV Ahmad • Khalil [2][165]
Iraq
Baghdad Eyalet 1535 1864 Baghdad [2][124]
Kabylia
Kabylie
Kingdom of Kuku
Kingdom of Ait Abbas		 1515 1872 Kabylia Abderrahmane • Ahmed I • Abdelaziz • Ahmed I • Sidi Naceur • Betka • Bouzid • Bouzid II • Abdesselem • Bouzid III • Abdallah [2][154]
Khiva
Khanate of Khiva 1511 1920 Urgench Ilbars I • Hadji • Hassan Quli • Budjuga • Sufyan • Kal • Agatay • Dost • Hadji • Arab Muhammad • Isfandiyar • Abu'l-Ghazi I • Anusha • Khudaydad • Arang • Juchi • Vali • Niyaz • Yadgar • Isim • Sher Ghazi • Ilbars II • Abu'l-Ghazi Muhammad • Abu'l-Ghazi II • Ghaip Khan I • Abdullah Qarabay • Timur Ghazi • Tawke • Shah Ghazi • Abu'l-Ghazi III • Iltazar • Muhammad Rahim I [2][124][166]
Khorasan
Greater Khorasan 821 1881 Birjand Babur Ibn-Baysunkur • Ibrahim • Abû Sa'id • Hussein Baiqara • Shah Rukh [2][124]
Kokkand Kokkand Kokand Shahrukh • Abdul-Rahim • Abdul-Karim • Muhammad Baba • Irdana • Suleyman • Narbuta • Alim • Muhammad Umar [2][167]
Lebanon
Sidon Eyalet 1660 1864 Sidon [2][124]
Mamluks
Mamluk Sultanate 1250 1517 Cairo al-Nasr Faraj • Shaikh al-Mahmudi • Muhammad IV • Barsbai • Jaqmaq • Inâl • Khûshqadam • Qâ'itbay • Muhammad II • Qânsûh I • Jânbalat • Qânsûh II • Tûmân Bay II • Alî l-Kabîr • Mehmed • Murad • Osman • Muhammad 'Alî [2][124][168]
Morocco
Marinid dynasty
Wattasid dynasty
Saadi dynasty
Alaouite dynasty		 1244 Fez Abu-Sa'id Uthman III • Abdalhaqq II • Mohammed ibn Ali Amrani-Joutey • Muhammad I • 'Abd Allâh I • Muhammad II • Abu Marawan • Ahmad II • 'Abd Allâh II • Zaydân • 'Abd al-Malik • al-Walîd • Muhammad III • Abd al-Karim ibn Abi-Bakr • Abu Bakr ibn Abd al-Karim • ar-Rashid • Ismâ'îl • Ahmad • 'Abd Allâh • Muhammad III • al-Yazîd • Sulaymân [2][154][169]
Mughals
Mughal Empire 1526 1857 Central Doab Bâbur • Humâyûn • Akbar I • Jahângîr • Shâh Jehân • Aurangzîb Alamgir • Bahâdur Shâh I • Jahandar Shah • Farrukh Siyar • Rafi-ul Darjat • Rafi ud-Daulah • Muhammad Ibrahim • Muhammad Shâh • Ahmad Shâh • 'Alamgir II • Shâh Jahân III • Shâh 'Alam II • Akbar II [2][124][170]
Mzab M'zab State Mzab Hassan • Bahayou • Bakir • Abu Zakariya • Dahman • Abd al-Aziz [2][154]
Najd
Najd Emirate
Emirate of Diriyah		 1818 Al-Arid Watban • Mani • Rabi'a I • Musa I • Ibrahim I • Markhan I • Rabi'a II • Watban • Markhan II • Muhammad I • Nasir I • Markhan III • Ibrahim II • Idris • Sultan • 'Abd Allah • Musa I • Sa'ud I • Muhammad II • Zayid • 'Abd al-'Aziz I • Saud II • Abdullah I [2][124][171]
Oman
Oman 751 1970 Masqat Mahzum • Sulaymân • 'Umar • Muhammaed I • Ahmad • Abu'l-Hasan • Muhammad II • Barakât • Makhzûm • Habhân • 'Umayr • Nâsir • Sultân I • Abi'l-'Arab I • Sayf I • Sultân II • Muhannâ • Sayf II • Muhammad III • Sultân III • Abi'l-'Arab II • Ahmad • Sâ'îd I • Sâlim I • Sâ'îd II [2][124][172]
Persia
Persian Empire -559 1979 Tabriz Joneid • Haidar • Ismâ'îl I • Thamâsp I • Ismâ'îl II • Muhammad Khudabanda • Hamza Mirza • Abu Talib • Abbas I • Safi I • Abbas II • Suleiman I • Sultan Husain I • Thamasp II • Abbas III • Nadir • Adil • Ibrahim • Shah Rukh • Suleiman II • Ismail III • Karim Khan • Zaki Khan • Sadeq Khan • Ali Morad • Ja'far Khan • Lotf Ali Khan • Aga Muhammad • Fath Alî [2][124][173]
Semien
Kingdom of Semien 350 1627 Semien Gideon V • Gideon VI • Joram • Radi • Caleb • Goshen • Gideon VII • Pinchas [2][124][174]
Shammar
Shammar Jabal Shammar Abdullah [2][124][175]
Sharjah
Emirate of Sharjah 1727 Qawasim Rashid • Saqr I • Sultan I • ah-Husayn • al-Hasan [2][124]
Shirvan
Shirvan 861 1538 Shirvan Ibrahim I Muhammad • Ibrahim I • Farrukhsiyar Khalil I • Bahram Farrukhsiyar • Ghazi Farrukhsiyar • Mahmud Ghazi • Ibrahim II • Ibrahim III [2][124]
Sus
Kingdom of Sus 1250 1850 Sus Barakat • Abu Hassun • Muhammad [2][154]
Syria
Mamluk Syria 1516 Damascus [2][124][176]
Tabarestan
Tabaristan 655 1598 Mazandaran 'Adud ud-Dawlah Qubad • Sa'ad ud-Dawlah Tus • Kayumarth • Bakir Almaluf • Kai-Ka'us II • Jahangir • Bisutun II • Bahman • Kayumarth II • Aziz • Jahangir II [2][124]
Tafilalt
Tafilalt 1668 Tafilalt Muhammad al-Qaim • Ahmad al-Araj • Mohammed ash-Sheikh • Abdallah al-Ghalib • Moulay Ali Cherif • Muhammad ibn Sharif • ar-Rashid [2][154]
Tlemcen
Kingdom of Tlemcen 1235 1556 Tlemcen Muhammad III • Abdallah I • Muhammad IV • Abd al-Wahid • Muhammad V • Ahmad II • Muhammad VI • Muhammad VII • Mûsa III • 'Abd Allâh III • Ahmad III • al-Hasan [2][154]
Touggourt
Touggourt Sultanate 1414 1854 Touggourt Mubarak • Ali III • Mustafa • Sulayman III • Ahmad II • Muhammad al-'Akhal • Ahmad IV • Farhat • Ibrahim • Abd al-Qadir • Khalid • Abd al-Qadir Ahmad • Umar bin Kumetin • Muhammad II • Umar bin Muhammad II • Ahmad VI • Abd al-Kadir II • Farhat II • Ibrahim II • Muhammad III [2][154]
Tripoli
Ottoman Tripolitania 1551 1911 Tripoli Oruç Reis • Muslihiddin Reis • Turgut Reis • Murad • Yahya • Jafar • Kaid • Hussein • Ibrahim • Iskander • Selim • Ali • Ahmad • Suleiman • Mustafa • Ramadan • Mehmed • Osman • Osman • Bali • Halil • Mustafa • Ibrahim • Osman • Mehmed • Hassan • Ali • Abdallah • Ibrahim • Mehmed • Osman • Mustafa • Khalil • Ismail • Mehmed • Ahmad I • Mehmed I • 'Alî I • 'Alî Borgul • Yusuf [2][154][177]
Tunis
Sultanate of Tunis
Ottoman Tunisia
Beylik of Tunis		 1229 1881 Tunis 'Uthman • Yahyâ III • 'Abd al-Mu'min • Zakariyâ' II • Muhammad V • Muhammad VI • Ahmad III • Muhammad VII • Muhammed • Ibrahim • Moussa • Uthman • Yusuf • Murad I • Muhammad I • Murad II • Muhammad II • Muhammad III • Ali I • Muhammad el-Hafsi • Ramadan • Murad III • Ibrahim • Umar • Husayn • Abu • Muhammad • Ali • Hammuda • Uthman • Mahmud [2][154][178]
Yemen
Greater Yemen ? 1990 Sana'a Isma'il I • Saladin Ahmad • 'Abdallah • Isma'il II • Yahya • Isma'il III • Yusuf II • Salâh ad-Din 'Amir I • 'Alî • 'Abd al-Wahhâb • Salâh ad-Din 'Amir II • al-Qâsim • Muhammad I • Ismâ'îl • Ahmad I • Muhammad II • Muhammad III • al-Qâsim I • al-Husayn • al-'Abbâs • 'Alî I • Ahmad II • Abdallah I [2][124]

Indian[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Indian Andhra
Andhrapuramu 1325 1448 Konaseema Kumaragiri • Kataya Vema • Allada • Veerabhadra • Raghuveera [2][179][180][181]
Assam
Kingdom of Assam 1228 1826 Assam Sudangpha • Sujangpha • Siphakpha • Susenphâ • Suhenphâ • Supimphâ • Suhungmung • Suklenmung • Sukhamphâ • Susengphâ • Suramphâ • Sutyinphâ • Sutamla • Supungmung • Sunyatphâ • Suklamphâ • Suhung • Gobar • Sujinphâ • Sudalphâ • Sulikphâ • Supatphâ • Sukrungphâ • Sutanphâ • Sunenphâ • Suramphâ • Suyeophâ • Suhitpangphâ • Suklingphâ • Sudinpha • Brajnatha [2][179][182][183]
Ahmednagar
Ahmadnagar Sultanate 1490 1636 Ahmadnagar Ahmad Shah I • Burhan Shah I • Murtaza Shah I • Maran Husayn Shah II • Isma'il Shah • Burhan Shah II • Ibrahim Shah • Ahmad Shah • Bahadur Shah • Murtaza Shah II • Burhan Shah III • Husayn Shah II [2][179][184]
Bagelkhand
Rewa State 1140 1948 Bagelkhand Virama Dev • Shaktivan Deo • Veer Singh • Virbhan Singh • Ramachandra Singh • Duryodhan Singh • Vikramaditya • Amar Singh II • Anoop Singh • Bhao Singh • Anirudh Singh • Avadhut Singh • Ajit Singh • Jai Singh [2][179][185]
Baglana
Dharampur State 1637 Baglana Jopideva • Nanadeva II • Bhairava • Bhairava II • Viramasena • Bhairava III • Somdevji • Sahadevji • Dharamdevji Ramdevji • Somdevji • Rupdevji Somdevji • Vijayadevji Rupdevji [2][179][186]
Bahmanis
Bahmani Sultanate
Bidar Sultanate		 1347 1619 Bidar Taj ud-Din Firuz • Ahmad Shah I Wali • Ala ud-Din Ahmad Shah II • Ala ud-Din Humayun Shah • Makhduma-e-Jahan Nargis Begum • Muhammad Shah III • Qasim I • Amir I • Ali • Ibrahim • Qasim II • Ali II • Amir II • Mirza Ali • Amir III [2][179][187][188]
Baroda
Baroda State 1721 1949 Baroda Pilaji Rao • Damaji Rao II • Sayaji Rao I • Fateh Singh Rao • Manaji Rao • Govind Rao • Anand Rao • Sayaji Rao II [2][179][189]
Bastar
Bastar State 1324 1948 Bastar Hamir Deo • Bhaitai Deo • Purushottam Deo • Pratap Deo • Digpal Deo • Rajpal Deo • Dakhin Singh • Dalpat Deo • Daryao Deo • Mahipal Deo [2][179][190]
Bengal
Bengal Sultanate
Bengal Subah
Bengal Presidency		 1342 1947 Gauda Ghiyasuddin Azam • Sayf-ud-Din Hamza • Shihab-ud-Din Bayazid • Ala-ud-Din Firuz • Raja Ganesh • Jalaluddin Mohammed • Shamsuddin Ahmad • Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud • Rukun-ud-Din Barbak • Shams-ud-Din Yusuf • Sikandar II • Jalal ad-Din Fateh • Shahzada Barbak • Sayf-ud-Din Firuz • Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud II • Shams ad-Din Muzaffar • Ala-ud-din Husain • Nasir ad-Din Nasrat • Ala-ud-din Firuz III • Ghiyasuddin Mahmud • Sher Shah • Islam Shah • Shams ud-Din Muhammad • Ghiyat ad-Din Bahadur • Ghiyat ad-Din Jalal • Sulayman Khan • Da'ud • Murshid Quli • Shuja' ad-Din Muhammad • 'Ala' ad-Daula Sarfaraz • Ali-Vardi Khan • Mirza Mahmud Siraj • Mir Muhammad Ja'far • Mir Qasim 'Ali • Mir Phulwari Najm • Sayf ad-Daula • Mubarak ad-Daula [2][179][191][192]
Berar
Berar Sultanate 1490 1572 West Berar Fath Allah 'Imad Malik • 'Ala' ad-din • Dariya • Burkhan 'Imad Shah • Taufal Khan [2][179][193]
Bharat
Bharat 1947 Delhi [2][179][194][195]
Bijapur
Bijapur Sultanate 1490 1686 Bijapur Yusuf • Ismail • Mallu • Ibrahim I • Ali I • Ibrahim II • Muhammad • Ali II • Sikandar [2][179][196]
Bundelkhand
Orchha State 1501 1950 Kalpi Nasir al-Din Mahmud Shah • Qadir Shah • Fath al-Din Jalal Shah • Nasir Khan • Malkhan Singh • Rudra-pratap Singh • Bharti-candra I • Madukar Shah • Ram Shah • Bir Singh Deo I • Jujhar Singh • Devi Singh • Pahar Singh • Sujan Singh I • Indramani Singh • Jaswant Singh • Baghwat Singh • Udwat Singh • Prithvi Singh • Sawant Singh Mahendra • Hati Singh Mahendra • Man Singh Mahendra • Bharti-candra II Mahendra • Vikramajit Mahendra [2][179][197]
Carnatic
Gingee Nayak Kingdom
Arcot State		 1509 1859 Gingee Chennappa • Gangama • Venkata Krishnappa • Muhammad Sa'adat I • Dust 'Ali Khan • Safdar 'Ali Khan • Muhammad Sa'adat II • Anwar ad-Din Muhammad • Chanda Sahib • Wala Jah Muhammad 'Ali • Umdat Ul-Umra • Azimuddaula • Azam Jah [2][179][198]
Ceylon
Kingdom of Kotte
Kingdom of Kandy		 1412 1815 Kotte Parakramabahu VII • Jayabahu II • Bhuvanaikabahu VI • Parakramabahu VIII • Vijayabahu VII • Bhuvanaikabahu VII • Dharmapalabahu • Vimala Dharmasuriya I • Senarut • Rajasimha • Vimala Dharmasuriya II • Narendra • Sri Vijaya Rajasimha • Kitri Sri Rajasimha • Sri Rajadhiraja Simha [2][179][199][200]
Chanda
Chanda State Chanda Bhuma & Lokba • Karan Shah • Babji Ballal Sah • Dhundya Ram Sah • Krasna Sah • Bir Sah • Hirai Sah • Ram Sah • Nilkanth Sah [2][179][201]
Deccan
Hyderabad Deccan 1724 1948 Marathwada Asaf Jah I • Muhammad Nasr Jang • Muzaffar Jang • Salabat Jung • Ali Khan • Sikandar Jah [2][179][202]
Delhi
Delhi Sultanate 1206 1526 Delhi Mohammed Shah IV • Aladdin Alam Shah • Bahlûl • Sikandar Shâh • Ibrâhîm Shâh • Hemu [2][179][203]
Dhundhar
Jaipur State 1128 1949 Dhundar Narasimha • Banabira • Uddharana • Chandra Sena • Prithvi Singh • Puran mal • Bhimasimha • Ratnasimha • Aaskaran • Bharmal • Bhagwant Das • Man Singh I • Shri Bhao Singh • Jai Singh I • Ramsingh I • Bishan Singh • Jai Singh II • Isri Singh • Madho Singh I • Pratvi Singh • Pratap Singh • Jagat Singh II • Jai Singh III [2][179][204]
Garhwal
Garhwal Kingdom 823 1949 Garhwal Sundar Pal • Hansdeo Pal • Bijai Pal • Sahaj Pal • Balbhadra Shah • Man Shah I • Shyam Shah • Mahipat Shah • Prithvi Shah • Fateh Shah • Upendra Shah • Pradip Shah • Lalit Shah • Jaikarat Shah • Pradyuman Shah • Sudarshan Shah [2][179][205]
Garjat
Garhjats
Sambalpur State		 1493 1849 Sambalpur Haria Deo • Jugasai Deo II • Pratapnayan Deo II • Harirudra Deo • Anku Deo • Pratap Deo • Raghunath Deo • Biswambhar Deo • Raisingh Deo II • Dusmant Deo • Jugasai Deo III • Khadag Rai Deo • Raisingh Deo III • Purusottam Deo • Jugasai Deo IV [2][179][206]
Golkonda
Golkonda Sultanate 1512 1687 Golconda Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk • Jamshid Quli • Subhan Quli • Ibrahim Quli • Muhammad I • Muhammad II • Abd Allah • Abu'l-Hasan [2][179][207]
Gondwana
Gondwana 1398 1781 Mahakoshal Hirde • Sangrama Simha • Dalpat Simha • Durgavati • Chandra Sahi • Jatba • Bakht Buland • Chand Sultan • Chhatra Sahi [2][179][208]
Gujarat
Gujarat Sultanate 1407 1573 Ahmadabad Zafar Khan • Muhammad Shah I • Muzaffar Shah • Ahmad Shah I • Muhammad Shah II • Ahmad Shah II • Mahmud Shah I • Muzaffar Shah • Bahadur Shah • Mubarak Shah • Mahmud Shah III • Ahmad Shah III • Muhammad Shah III • Muzaffar Shah III [2][179][209][210]
Gwalior
Gwalior Kingdom
Gwalior State		 -500 1948 Gird Beersingh Deo • Man Singh • Ranojirao • Jayapparao • Jankijirao I • Madhavrao I • Daulatrao I [2][179][211]
Habsan
Janjira State 1489 1948 Chaul Surur Khan • Abdul Karim Khan • Abdul Samad Surul Khan • Yakut Khan Shazli • Amber Sanak • Yusuf Khan • Fateh Khan • Qasim Khan • Kasim Yakut Khan • Ambat Yakut Khan [2][179][212]
Hadoti
Bundi Kingdom 1200 1947 Hadoti Hamuj • Birsingh • Biru • Bandu • Narayan Das • Suraj Mal • Surtan Singh • Surjan Singh • Bhoj Singh • Ratan Singh • Chatra Singh • Bao Singh • Anirudh Singh • Dalel Singh • Umaid Singh • Ajit Singh • Bishen Singh [2][179][213]
Hindustan
Hindustan 1947 Delhi [2][179][214][215]
Jaffna
Jaffna Kingdom 1215 1624 Vanni Kanakasooriya Cinkaiariyan • Sapumal Kumaraya • Singai Pararasasegaram • Cankili • Puviraja Pandaram • Kasi Nayinar • Periyapillai • Ethirimana Cinkam • Cankili II [2][179][216]
Jaisalmer
Jaisalmer State 1156 1949 Jaisalmer Bhanwar • Lunkaran • Maldev • Harraj • Bhim Singh • Kalyan Das • Manohar Das • Ramchandar • Sabal Singh • Amar Singh • Jaswant Singh • Budh Singh • Akhai Singh • Mulraj Singh II • Gaj Singh [2][179][217]
Jangladesh
Bikaner State 1465 1947 Jangladesh Rao • Bika • Naroji Singh • Jetsiji Singh • Kalyan Singh • Raj Singh • Dalpat Singh • Sur Singh • Karan Singh • Anup Singh • Sarup Singh • Sujan Singh • Zorawar Singh • Gaj Singh • Raj Singh II • Pratap Singh • Surat Singh [2][179][218]
Jaunpur Jaunpur Sultanate 1394 1479 Jaunpur Mubarak Shah • Ibrahim Shah • Mahmud Shah • Muhammad Shah • Hussain Shah • Adil • Sher Khan • Balwant Singh • Chait Singh • Mahipat Singh • Udit Singh [2][179][219][220]
Jharkhand
Jharkhand Kingdom 150 1947 Jharkhand Maharato • Maharato II • Madhu Singh • Durjan Sal • Anant Raj • Medini Raj • Narendra Rudra Singh • Balbhadra Singh • Jaswant Singh • Bahadur Singh • Sheo Singh • Ajit Singh • Singram Singh • Amar Singh [2][179][221]
Kachar
Kachari Kingdom 1250 1854 Naga Manipha • Ladapha • Khorapha • Khunkhorapha • Detsungpha • Nirbhay Narayan • Harmesvar • Megha Narayana • Satrrudaman • Nar Narayan • Bhimdarpa Narayan • Indraballabh Naraya • Birdarpa Narayan • Garurdhwaj Narayan • Makardhwaj • Udayaditya • Tamradhwaj Narayan • Chandraprabha • Suradarpa Narayan • Dharmadhwaj Narayan • Kirichandra Narayan • Gopichandra Narayan • Harischandra • Krishnachandra Narayan • Gobindchandra Narayan [2][179][222]
Kangra
Kangra State 1400 1948 Kangra Megh Chand • Hari Chand I • Karan Chand II • Sansar Chand I • Devangga Chand • Narendra Chand • Suvira Chand • Prayag Chand • Ram Chand • Dharam Chand • Manika Chand • Jai Chand V • Bidhi Chand • Triloka Chand • Hari Chand II • Chandarbhan Chand • Vijay Ram Chand • Udi Ram Chand • Bhim Chand • Alam Chand II • Hamir Chand • Abhay Chand • Shrinagar Chand • Ghamir Chand • Ghamand Chand • Tegh Chand • Sansar Chand II [2][179][223][224]
Kashmir
Kashmir 1346 1589 Kashmir Sikandar • Ali Shah I • Zayn al-'Abidin • Haydar Shah • Hasan Shah • Muhammad Shah • Fath Shah • Ibrahim Shah • Nazuk Shah • Shams ad-Din • Isma'il Shah • Mahmud Habib Shah • Ghazi Shah • Husayn Shah I • 'Ali Shah • Yusuf Shah • Saiyid Mubarak Baihaqi • Lohir Shah • Ya'qub Shah [2][179][225]
Kathiawar
Kathiawar Kingdom Kutch Amarji • Bhenji • Hamirji • Ravalj Lakhaji • Vibhaji Ravalji • Sataji Vibhaji • Jasaji Sataji • Lakhaji Ajoji • Ranmalji Lakhaji • Rajsinhji I Ajoji • Tamachi Rajsinhji • Lakhaji II Tamachi • Rajsinhji II Lakhaji • Hardholji Lakhaji • Tamachi Hardholji • Lakhaji III Tamachi • Jasaji Lakhaji • Sataji Lakhaji [2][179][226]
Keladi Keladi Nayaka Kingdom 1499 1763 Malenadu Chaudappa Nayaka • Sadashiva Nayaka • Sankanna Nayaka • Chikkasankanna • Ramaraja Nayaka • Hiriya Venkatappa Nayaka • Virabhadra Nayaka • Shivappa Nayaka • Chikkavenkatappa Nayaka • Bhadrappa Nayaka • Somashekara • Chennamma • Basavappa • Somashekara II • Kiriya Basavappa • Chennabasappa • Virammaji [2][179][227]
Khandesh
Khandesh Sultanate 1382 1601 Khandesh Nasir Khan • Miran Adil Khan I • Miran Mubarak Khan I • 'Adil Khan II • Da'ud Khan • Ghazni Khan • Alam Khan • 'Adil Khan • Miran Muhammad Khan I • Miran Mubarak Shah II • Miran Muhammad Shah II • Rajah 'Ali Khan • Miran Bahadur Shah [2][179][228]
Koch
Koch Kingdom
Koch Hajo		 1515 1949 Koch Gajanka • Sukranka • Mriganka • Susenphâ • Niladhwaj • Chakradhwaj • Nilambar • Chandan • Viswa Singha • Nar • Lakshmi • Bir • Pran • Madan • Basudev • Mahendra • Rup • Upendra • Debendra • Dhairjendra • Rajendra • Dharendra • Harendra [2][179][229]
Kochin
Kingdom of Cochin 700 1949 Kochin Unni Rama Koil I • Unni Rama Koil II • Vira Kerala Varma I • Kesara Rama Varma II • Vira Kerala Varma II • Ravi Varma I • Vira Kerala Varma III • Goda Varma I • Vira Rayira Varma I • Vira Kerala Varma IV • Gangadhara Lakshmi • Rama Varma II • Goda Varma II • Vira Kerala Varma V • Rama Varma III • Rama Varma IV • Rama Varma V • Rama Varma V • Rama Varma VI • Kerala Varma I • Rama Varma VII • Kerala Varma II • Rama Varma VIII • Rama Varma IX • Rama Varma X • Kerala Varma III [2][179][230]
Ladakh
Ladakh 1460 1842 Ladakh Gyalpo Takpa Bomlde • Lotus Chhogaldan • Tashi • Tsewang • Jamyang • Singye • Deldan • Delek • Nyima • Deskyong • Phuntsog • Saskyong • Tsewang II • Tsetan • Tsepel Tondup [2][179][231]
Madurai
Madurai Nayak dynasty 1529 1736 Tirunelveli Parakrama • Vira • Vira II • Parakrama II • Vishvanatha • Kumara Periaya Krishnappa • Krishnappa Periaya • Lingayya Kumara • Mutu Krishnappa • Muttu Virappa I • Tirumala • Muttu Virappa II • Chokkanatha I • Muttu Linga • Muttu Varappa III • Chokkanatha II • Minakshi [2][179][232]
Malabar
Malabar Kingdom 1100 1806 Malabar Manaveda I • Manavikraman I • Manaveda II • Manavikraman II • Viraraya I • Manavikraman III • Viraraya II • Manaveda III • Manaveda IV • Viraraya III • Manaveda V • Utrattati Tirunal • Manavikraman IV Bharani Tirunal • Nileswaram • Manaveda VI • Manavikraman V • Manaveda VII • Viraraya IV • Manaveda VIII [2][179][233]
Maldives
Maldives Sultanate 1117 Maldives Hussan I • Nasr ud-Din • Hassan II • Ibrahim I • Danna Mohammed • Hasan III • Muhammad VI • Hasan IV • 'Umar • Hasan V • Hasan VI • Ibrahim II • Yusuf III • 'Ali IV • Muhammad VII • Hasan VII • Ahmad • 'Ali V • Muhammad VIII • Hasan IX • Abu Bakr II • 'Ali VI • Muhammad IX • Ibrahim III • Kamanfa'anu • Husayn II • 'Imad ad-Din I • Iskandar I • Muhammad X • Muhi ad-Din • Shams ad-Din I • Muhammad IV • 'Ali V • Hasan X • Muzhir ad-Din • 'Imad ad-Din II • Iskandar II • 'Imad ad-Din III • 'Izz ad-Din • Shams ad-Din • Mu'izz ad-Din • Muzhir ad-Din • Muin ad-Din Iskander [2][234][235]
Malwa
Malwa Sultanate 1392 1562 Mandu Dilavar Khan Husain • Alp Khan Hushang • Ghazni Khan • Mahmud I • Ghiyath Shah • Nasir Shah • Mahmud Shah • Qadir Shah • Salim Shah • Baz Bahadur • Malhar Rao I • Mali Rao • Ahalya Bai [2][179][236][237]
Manipur
Manipur 1110 1949 Manipur Pengshiba • Ningthou Khama • Senbi Kiyamba • Koiremba • Ching-Khong • Nongyin Phaba • Senbi Khomba • Tangjamba • Chalamba • Mungyamba • Khangemba • Khunjaoba • Paikhomba • Charairongba • Pamheiba • Chit-sai • Bharat-sai • Maramba • Ching-thang Khomba • Labeinachandra • Madhuchandra • Chourjit • Marjit [2][179][238][239]
Marathas
Maratha Empire 1674 1818 South Konkan Shivaji I • Shambaji • Rajaram I • Shivaji II • Sahuji I • Balaji I Vishvanath • Baji Rao I • Balaji II Baji Rao • Madhu Rao I Balai • Narayan Rao • Ragunath Rao • Madhu Rao II • Baji Rao • Pratap Singh [2][179][240]
Marwar
Jodhpur State 1250 1949 Gorwar Chunda • Kanha • Ranmal • Jodha • Satal • Suja • Ganga • Maldev • Chandrasen • Udai Singh • Suraj Singh • Gaj Singh • Jaswant Singh I • Ajit Singh • Abhai Singh • Rai Singh II • Bakht Singh • Ram Singh • Bijay Singh • Bhîm Singh • Man Singh • Chhatar Singh • Man Singh [2][179][241]
Mewar
Mewar Kingodm 530 1949 Chittor Lakha Singh • Mokal Singh • Kumbhakarna Singh • Udai Singh I • Raimal • Sangram Singh I • Ratan Singh I • Vikramaditya Singh • Udai Singh II • Pratap Singh II • Amar Singh I • Karan • Jagat Singh I • Raj Singh I • Jai Singh • Amar Singh II • Sangram Singh II • Jagat Singh II • Pratap Singh II • Ari Singh • Hammir Singh II • Bhim Singh [2][179][242][243]
Mewat
Wali-e-Mewat
Alwar State		 1372 1527 Mewat Jallu Khan • Ahmad Khan • Adil Khan • Hasan Khan • Naher Khan • Gokula • Ram Singh • Churaman Singh • Badan Singh • Suraj Mal • Jawahir Singh • Ratan Singh • Keshri Singh • Pratap Singh • Bakhtawar Singh • Binay Singh Prabhakar Bahadur [2][179][244]
Multan Multan Sultanate 1557 Multan Qutbudin • Hussain I • Firuzshah • Mahmud • Hussain II • Ghazi Khan Mirrani [2][179][245]
Mysore
Kingdom of Mysore 1399 1950 Mysore Ganga Raja • Châma Râja III • Timma Râja II • Châma Râja IV • Bettada Deva Râja • Râja Wadaiyâr • Châma Râja V • Imadi Râja • Kanthirava Narasa Râja I • Kempa Deva Râja • Chikka Deva Râja • Kanthirava Narasa Râja II • Krishna Râja I • Châma Râja VI • Krishna Râja II • Haydar 'Alî • Tîpû Sâhib • Krishna Râja III [2][179][246]
Nagaur Nagaur Sultanate 1388 1513 Nagaur Firuz Khan • Qiyam Khan • Shams Khan • Muhammad Khan [2][179][247]
Nagpur
Nagpur Kingdom 1700 1853 East Berar Chand Sultan • Raghuji I • Janoji • Sabaji • Raghuji II • Mudhoji II • Raghoji III [2][179][248]
Nepal
Malla (Nepal)
Kingdom of Nepal		 1201 2008 Kathmandu Jayajyotimalla • Jayajyoti • Jayayaksha • Ratna • Surya • Amara • Narendra • Mahendra • Sadashiva • Shivasimha • Laksminarasimha • Pratapa • Jayanripendra • Parthivendra • Bhupendra • Bhaskara • Mahendrasimha • Jagajjaya • Jayaprasaka • Prithvi Narayana • Pratapa Simha • Rana Bahadur • Girvan Yuddha Bikram • Rajendra Bikram [2][179][249][250]
Orissa
Gajapati Kingdom 1434 1541 Cuttack Kapilendra • Purushottama • Hamvira • Pratâprudra • Kaluadeva • Govindaraja Vidyadhara • Chakrapretâpa • Nârashima Jana • Raghurâma Chhotra • Mukundadeva Harishandra • Râmchandra Deva I • Da'ud [2][179][251][252]
Oudh
Oudh State 1732 1858 Lucknow Muhammad Sa'adat Khan • Muhammad Safdar Jang • Shujah ad-Daula • Asaf ad-Daula • Wazir 'Ali Khan • Sa'adat 'Ali Khan • Ghazi ud-Din Haidar [2][179][253]
Patiala
Patiala State 1763 1948 Sirhind Ala Singh • Amar Singh • Sahib Singh • Karam Singh [2][179][254]
Punjab
Punjab Empire 1799 1849 Lahore Jasrath • Sikandar • Jassa Singh • Maha Singh • Ranjit Singh [2][179][255][256]
Rewa Kantha
Rajpipla State
Rewa Kantha Agency		 1340 1948 Rewakantha Palandev • Patai Rawal • Arsisinhji • Hamirsinhji II • Bhimsinhji [2][179][257]
Rohilkhand
Rohilkhand
Rampur State		 1690 1947 Katehar Ali Muhammad Khan • Hafiz Rahmat Khan • Faizullah Khan • Muhammad Ali Khan Bahadur • Ghulam Muhammad Khan Bahadur • Ahmad Ali Khan Bahadur [2][179][258]
Sadiya Sadiya Kingdom 1248 1524 Sadiya Mayuradhvaj Pal • Jayadhvaj Pal • Karmadhvaj Pal • Dhir Narayan [2][179][259]
Sind
Samma dynasty
Arghun dynasty
Tarkhan dynasty
Sindh		 1351 1843 Thatta 'Ali Sher • Fath Khan • Tughluq • Sikandar • Sanjar • Nizam ad-Din II Nanda • Furuz Salah ad-Din • Shah Shuja' Beg • Shah Husayn • Mirza Muhammad 'Isa • Mirza Muhammad Baqi • Mirza Jani Beg • Yar Muhammad Khan • Nur Muhammad • Muhammad Murad • Gulam Shah • Sarfaraz Khan • Gulam Nabi Khan • 'Abd an-Nabi Khan • 'Abd Allah Khan • Mir Fath Ali • Thara [2][179][260]
Tirhut
Oinwar dynasty 1323 1526 Tirhut Padma Singh • Bishwas Devi • Hari Singh • Nar Singh • Dhir Singh • Bhairav Singh • Rambhadra Singh • Rambhadra Singh [2][179][261][262]
Tripura
Tripura Kingdom
Tripura State		 1463 1947 Tripura Dharma • Pratap • Dhanya • Dhwaj • Debmanikya • Indra • Vijay • Ananta • Satrrudaman • Jai • Amar • Rajdhar • Jashodhar • Gobinda • Kalyan • Chhatra • Ramdev • Ratna • Narendra • Mahendra • Dharma • Mukunda • Jai • Indra • Krishna [2][179][263]
Venad
Venad
Travancore		 1100 1949 Venad Chera Udaya Varma • Mootha • Sri Vira Martanda Varma • Aditya Varma • Ravi Varma • Sri Vira Ravi Varma • Martanda Varma • Udaya Martanda Varma • Kerala Varma • Aditya Varma • Sri Vira Kulasekhara • Sri Vira Varma • Ravi Varma • Unni Kerala Varma • Unni Kerala Varma II • Aditya Varma • Unni Kerala Varma III • Rama Varma • Martanda Varma I • Rama Varma II • Bala Rama Varma I • Gouri Laksmi Bai • Gouri Parvati Bai [2][179][264]
Vijayanagar
Vijayanagara Empire 1336 1646 Vijayanagar Harihara II • Virupaksha I • Bukka II • Devaraya I • Vira Vijaya I • Devaraya II • Mallikarjuna • Virupaksha II • Praudha • Narasimha • Timma • Narasa Nayaka • Vîra Narasimha • Krishna • Achyuta • Venkata • Sâdashiva • Rama Raya • Tirumala • Ranga I • Venkata II • Ranga II • Râma I • Timma • Venkata III • Ranga III [2][179][265][266]

Chinese[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Chinese Aceh
Aceh Sultanate 1496 1903 Lamuri Inayat Shah • 'Alî Mugâyat Shâh • Salâh ad-Dîn Ibrâhîm • 'Alâ ad-Dîn al-Qahhar • Husayn 'Alî Ri'âyat Shâh • Sultân Sri 'Âlam • Zayn al 'Âbidîn • 'Alâ' ad-Dîn Mansûr Shâh • 'Alî Ri'âyat Shâh • Sultân Buyong • 'Alâ' ad-Dîn Ri'âyat Shâh • 'Alî Mugât Shâh • Iskandar Muda Shâh • Iskandar Tanî 'Alâ ad-Dîn • Safîyat ad-Dîn Tâj • Neqîyat ad-Dîn Nûr • Zaqîyat ad-Dîn 'Inâya • Zirat ad-Dîn Kamâlat Shâh • Badr ad-Dîn Sharîf Hâshim • Perkara 'Âlam Sharîf • Jamâl al-'Âlam Badr • Shams al'-Âlam • 'Alâ' ad-Dîn Ahmad Shâh • 'Alâ' ad-Dîn Shâh Jahân • Mahmûd Shâh I • 'Alâ' ad-Dîn Muhammad • 'Alâ' ad-Dîn Jauhar • Syarif Saif ul Alam [2][234][267]
Ainu
Ainu people 1250 1869 Tokachi [2][268][269]
Amago
Amago clan 1325 1566 Izumo Takauji • Takahide • Takahisa • Mochihisa • Kiyosada • Tsunehisa • Haruhisa • Yoshihisa [2][268][270]
Annam
House of Nguyễn
Nguyễn dynasty		 1533 1945 Hue Kim • Hoang • Phuc Nguyen • Phuc Lan • Phuc Tan • Phuc Tran • Phuc Chu • Phuc Tru • Phuc Khoat • Phuc Thuan • Phuc Anh • Phuc Dam [2][234][271]
Arakan
Kingdom of Arakan
Kingdom of Mrauk U		 -2666 1785 Mrauk U Radzathu II • Thinkhathu • Saw Mon III • Anawrahta • Khayi • Letya • Naranu • 'Khayi • Ba Saw Phyu • Dawlya • Ba Saw Nyo • Ran Aung • Salingathu • Raza • Gazapati • Saw O • Thazata • Minkhaung • Min Bin • Dikha • Saw Hla • Sekkya • Hpalaung • Razagri • Khamaung • Thiri Thudhamma • Sanay • Narapati • Thado • Sanda Thudhamma • Thiri Thudhamma • Wara Dhamma • Mani Dhamma • Sanda Thuriya I • Nawrahta • Mayonpiya • Kalagandat • Naradipati I • Sanda Wimala I • Sanda Thuriya II • Sanda Wizaya I • Sanda Thuriya III • Naradipadi II • Narapawara • Sanda Wizaya II • Madarit • Nara Apaya • Thirithu • Apaya • Sanda Thumana • Sanda Wimala II • Sanda Thaditha • Thammada [2][234][272][273]
Asakura Ashikaga shogunate 1336 1573 Echizen Ujikage • Sadakage • Norikage • Takakage • Yoshikage [2][268][274]
Ava
Kingdom of Ava 1364 1555 Ava Thadominbya • Swasawke • Tarabya • Minkhaung • Thihathu • Minhlange • Kale Kyetaungnyo • Mohnyin Thado • Minyekyawswa • Narapati • Thihathura • Minkhaung • Narapati II • Sao Hung Pha • Sao Hkun Mong • Narapati III • Narapati IV [2][234][275]
Ayutthaya
Ayutthaya Kingdom 1351 1767 Ayutthaya Ramaracha • Intha Racha • Borommaracha II • Trailokanat • Borommaracha III • Ramathibodi II • Borommaracha IV • Ratsada • Chairacha • Keo Fa • Bun Si • Chakkraphat • Mahin • Thammaracha I • Naresuen • Ekathotsarot • Si Saowaphak • Songtham • Chettha • Athittayawong • Prasat Thong • Chao Fa Jai • Si Suthammaracha • Narai • Phetracha • Phrachao Suea • Thai Sa • Boromakot • Uthumphon • Ekkathat • Taksin • Rama I • Rama II [2][234][276][277]
Bali
Bali Kingdom 914 1908 Bali Wikramawardhana • Suhita • Dyah Kertawijaya • Ketut Ngulesir • Watu Renggong • Dalem Bekung • Dalem Di Made • Dalem Di Made II • Dewa Agung Jambe • Dewa Agung Di Made • Dewa Agung Sakti • Dewa Agung Putra • Dewa Agung Putra II [2][234][278][279]
Banjar
Sultanate of Banjar 1526 1860 Banjar Suriansyah • Rahmatullah • Hidayatullah • Mustain Billah • Inayatullah • Saidullah • Ri'ayatullah • Amrullah Bagus Kasuma • Tahmidullah I • Panembahan Kasuma Dilaga • Hamidullah • Tamjidullah I • Muhammadillah • Tahmidullah • Sulaiman al-Mutamidullah [2][234][280]
Banten
Banten Sultanate 1527 1813 Banten Maulana Hasanudin • Maulana Yusuf • Maulana Muhammad • Abdul Mufakir • Abdul Ma'ali • Ageng Tirtayasa • Haji Abunasr • bul Fadhal • Abdul Mahasin • Muhamad Syifa • Syarifudin Ratu • Muhammad Wasizainul • Muhammad Arief • Abdul Mafakin • Muhyidin Zainussolihin • Muhammad Ishaq • Wakil Pangeran • Aliyuddin II • Muhammad Syafiuddin • Muhammad Rafiuddin [2][234][281]
Bhutan
Bhutan 1616 Bhutan Ngawang Namgyal • Pekar Jungney • Kunga Gyaltshen • Phyogla Namgyal • Jigme Norbu • Mipham Wangpo • Jigme Dragpa I • Choeki Gyaltshen • Jigme Dragpa II [2][282][283]
Blambangan Kingdom of Blambangan 1352 1768 Blambangan Menak Pentor • Santaguna • Mas Karian • Sunan Tawangalun • Prabhu Tawangalun • Pangeran Pati • Mancanagara • Pangeran Putra • Danuningrat • Pangeran Wilis [2][234][284]
Brunei
Bruneian Empire 1368 1888 Brunei Muhammad • Ahmad • Sulaymân • Bulkiah • 'Abd al-Qahhar • Sayf ar-Rijal • Shâh Brunî • Hasan • 'Abd al-Jalîl I • 'Abd al-Jalîl II • Muhammad 'Alî • 'Abd al-Mubin • Muhyî ad-Dîn • Nasr ad-Dîn • Kamâl ad-Dîn • Alâ' ad-Dîn • Sayf ad-Dîn I • Muhammad Jamâl ad-Dîn • Muhammad Tâj ad-Dîn • Muhammad Khân dhul 'Alam [2][234][285][286]
Buryatia
Buryatia 1923 Barguzin [2][282][287]
Buton
Buton Buton Fakhr • Tuni Palonga • Shahab • Parabung • Tuni Pasulu • Tuni Djallori • Sankilang • Batara Gowa • Karaeng Tunibatta • 'Abd al-Khaliq • Tunyachoka-ri • Karaeng Tunibatta • 'Uthmân • Muhammad 'Ali • Amir Hamza [2][234][288]
Champa
Champa 192 1832 Vijaya Ko Cheng • Jaya Sinhavarman V • Maija Vijaya • Moho Kouei-Lai • Maha Kui Yu • Maha P'an-lo-yue • P'an-lo T'u-ts'uan • Saktirai • Ganvuh • Thuttirai • Rattirai • Tathun • Tithuntirai I • Tithuntirai II • Chei Krei Brei • Tithun • Lathun • Chong Chan [2][234][289][290]
Champasak
Kingdom of Champasak 1713 1946 Champasak Nan Rat • Nokasat • Saya Kumane • Xiang Keo • Fay Na • No Muong • Cha Nou • Ma Noi [2][234][291]
Changsheng Changsheng Lingyun [2][292][293]
Chavchuveny Chavchuveny Gizhiga [2][282][294]
Chosokabe
Chōsokabe clan 1415 1615 Tosa Yoshishige • Fumikane • Motokado • Katsuchika • Kanetsugu • Kunichika • Motochika • Morichika [2][295][296]
Chu Wuchang [292]
Chukchi
Chukchi people Kagyrgyn [2][282]
Cirebon
Sultanate of Cirebon 1445 1803 Cirebon Ki Gedeng Tapa • Ki Gedheng Danusela • Cakrabuana • Sharif Hidayatullah • Fatahillah • Pangeran Mas • Rasmi • Martawijaya • Kanoman • Anom [2][234][297]
Dai Viet
Đại Việt 1428 1804 Dong Kinh An • Quy Ly • Han Thuong • Ngoi • Quy Khoang • Loi • Nguyen Long • Bang Co • Nghi Dan • Tu Thanh • Tranh • Thuan • Tuan • Oanh • Y • Xuan • Dang Dung • Dang Doanh • Phuc Hai • Phuc Nguyen • Mau Hop • Kinh Chi • Kinh Cung • Kinh Khoan • Kinh Vu • Duy Hop • Duy Duong • Duy Phuong • Duy Toung • Duy Than • Duy Dieu • Duy Khiem • Hue • Quang Toan [2][234][298][299]
Dali
Dali Kingdom 937 1253 Dali [2][292][300]
Date
Date clan 1189 Aizu Yukitomo • Muneto • Masamune • Ujimune • Mochimune • Narimune • Hisamune • Tanemune • Harumune • Terumune • Masamune • Tadamune • Tsunamune • Tsunamura • Yoshimura • Munemura • Shigemura • Narimura • Chikamune • Narimune • Nariyoshi • Yoshikuni [2][295]
Demak
Demak Sultanate 1475 1554 Demak Raden Patah • Pati Unus • Trenggana • Sunan Prawata • Arya Penangsang [2][234]
Guge Guge 912 1630 Ngari Namgyal De • Namkha Wangpo Phuntsog De • Namri Sanggye De • Lobsang Rabten • Phagspa Lha • Shakya Ö • Jigten Wangchuk Pekar De • Ngagi Wangchuk • Wangchuk • Tri Nyima • Tri Dragpa • Tri Namgyal Dragpa De • Tri Trashi Dragpa De [2][282]
Hatakeyama
Etchū Province
Hatakeyama clan		 1205 1585 Etchu Kunikiyo • Yoshito • Motokuni • Mitsuyoshi • Mitsuie • Mitsuyoshi • Yoshinari • Masanaga • Yoshitoyo • Hisayori • Tanenaga • Nagatsune • Masakuni • Takamasa • Akitaka • Masanao [2][295][301]
Hojo
Later Hōjō clan 1493 1590 Sagami Soun • Ujitsuna • Ujiyasu • Ujimasa [2][295][302]
Hosokawa
Hosokawa clan 1336 1826 Settsu Kazuuji • Kiyouji • Yoriyuki • Yorimoto • Mitsumoto • Mochimoto • Mochiyuki • Katsumoto • Masamoto • Sumiyuki • Sumimoto • Takakuni • Harumoto • Nagayoshi • Yoshitsugu • Akimoto • Fujitaka • Tadaoki • Tadatoshi • Mitsunao • Tsunatoshi • Nobunori • Munetaka • Shigetaka • Harutoshi • Narishige • Naritatsu • Narimori [2][295][303]
Hsenwi
Hsenwi State 650 1888 Hsenwi Sao Hsam • Sao Hsam Si-Li • Ai Lao Hkham • Ai Lao • Naw Kiao • Hsai Hkaw • Hsai Hpom • Sao Hsam • Sao Kham Mu • Hpaya Kiao • Sao Mong Hka • Sao Hkham Tao • Sao Mong Hkak • Sao On • Sao In Hkam • Sao Awk • Sao Mong Saik • Sao Hsam Hpi • Maung Nyo • Sao Mong Sin • Sao Mong Hsam • Sao Kawng Tai • Sao Maha Hkanan [2][234]
Huai
Shiukwan [2][292]
Ikeda
Ikeda clan 1590 Ikeda Terumasa • Mitsumasa • Tsunamasa • Munemasa • Harumasa • Narimasa • Naritoshi • Yoshimasa [2][295]
Imagawa
Imagawa clan 1250 Suruga Norikuni • Noriuji • Yasunori • Norimasa • Noritada • Yoshitada • Ujichika • Ujiteru • Yoshimoto • Ujizane [2][234][304]
Japan
Japan 1338 Kyoto Takauji • Yoshiakira • Yoshimitsu • Yoshimochi • Yoshinori • Yoshikatsu • Yoshimasa • Yoshihisa • Yoshitane • Yoshizumi • Yoshiharu • Yoshiteru • Yoshihide • Yoshiaki • Nobunaga • Hideyoshi • Hideyori • Ieyasu • Hidetada • Iemitsu • Ietsuna • Tsunayoshi • Ienobu • Ietsugu • Yoshimune • Ieshige • Ieharu • Ienari • Ieyoshi • Iesada • Iemochi [2][295]
Jin
Jin dynasty 1115 1234 Taiyuan [2][292]
Johor
Johor Sultanate 1528 1855 Johor Alauddin Riayat Shâh II • Muzaffar Shâh II • Abd al-Jalîl Shâh • Abd al-Jalîl Shâh II • Alauddin Riayat Shâh III • Abdullah Ma'ayat Shâh • Abd al-Jalîl Shâh III • Ibrâhîm Shâh • Mahmûd Shâh II • Abd al-Jalîl Shâh IV • Abd al-Jalîl Rahmat Shâh • Abd al-Jalîl Muazzam Shâh • Ahmad Riayat Shâh • Mahmûd Shâh • Abd al-Rahmân Shâh • Hussein Shâh [2][234]
Kamchadals
Kamchadals Kamchatka [2][282]
Kedah
Kedah Sultanate 1136 1941 Kedah Mudzafar Shâh • Mu'adzam Shâh • Muhammad Shâh • Mudzaffar Shâh II • Mahmûd Shâh • Ibrâhîm Shâh • Sulaiman Shâh • Ataullah Muhammad Shâh • Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin • Mahmûd Shâh II • Mudzaffar Shâh II • Sulaiman Shâh II • Rijaluddin Muhammad Shâh • Muhyiddin Mansûrad Shâh • Dziaddin Mukarram Shâh • Ataullah Muhammad Shâh II • Abdullah Mu'adzam Shâh • Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shâh • Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II • Abdullah Mukarram Shâh • Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shâh [2][234]
Kham
Kham
Kingdom of Derge		 1640 1910 Dege Sönam Sangpo • Lodrö Tob • Gyeltshen Bum • Panchen Ana • Yagyelphel • Namkha • Lhündrub • Luphel • Orgyen Tashi [2][234]
Khmer
Khmer Empire 802 1431 Oudong Barom Reachea II • Noreay Ramathipatei • Reachea Ramathipatei • Soriyotei II • Thommo Reachea I • Srey Sukonthor • Ney Khan • Ang Chan I • Barom Reachea I • Chey Chettha I • Preah Ram I • Barom Reachea II • Barom Reachea III • Keo Hua I • Barom Reachea IV • Chey Chettha II • Thommoreachea II • Padumaraja I • Ramathipadi I • Barom Reachea V • Chey Chettha III • Kaev Hua II • Padumaraja III • Chey Chettha IV • Thommoreachea III • Satha II • Thommoreachea IV • Chey Chettha V • Ang Tong • Outey Reachea II • Ream Reachea • Narayanaraja III • Outey Reachea III [2][305]
Khodynt
Khodynt Omolon [2][282]
Korea
Korea 1392 1897 Hanseong Seonggye • Banggwa • Sejong Do • Hyang • Hongwi • Yu • Gwang • Hyeol • Yung • Yeok • Ho • Hwan • Yeon • Hon • Jong • Ho • Yon • Sun • Yun • Geum • San • Gong [2][306]
Kutai Kutai Sultanate 1300 1844 Kutai Girishawardhana • Kertabumi • Wikramawardhana • Kalagamet • Suhita • Kertawardhana • Raden Sotor • Hayam Wuruk • Aji Pangeran Sinum Panji Mendapa • Kertabumi • Sri Gitarja • Girishawardhana • Aji Muhammad Idris • Raden Wijaya • Kertabumi • Singhawardhana [2][307]
Lan Na
Lan Na 1292 1775 Chiang Mai Kü Na • Saenmueangma • Samfangkaen • Tilokaracha • Yotchiangrai • Kaeo • Ket • Saikham • Chiraprapha • Setthathirat • Mekuti • Wisutthathewi • Nawrahta Minsaw • Phra Choi • Phra Chaiyathip • Sisongmueang • Luangthipphanet • Phra Saenmueang • Phrae • Ingsemang • Cheputarai • Mangraenara • Ong Kham • Ong Chan • Khihut • Po Aphaikhamini • Po Mayunguan • Phraya Chaban • Kawila • Thammalangka [2][308]
Lan Xang
Lan Xang 1354 1707 Luang Prabang Fa Ngum • Samsenethai • Lamakamadinga • Phommathat • Khamtum • Meunsai • Konekham • Kham Tam Sa • Lue Sai • Khai Bua Ban • Khong Kham • Sai Tia Kaphut • Theng Kham • Laasaenthai • Sompou • Visunarat • Photisarat I • Setthathirat I • Saensurin • Maha Oupahat • Saensurin • Nakhon Noi • Nokeo Koumanh • Thammikarat • Upanyuvarat • Photisarat II • Mon Keo • Tone Kham • Vichai • Sourigna Vongsa • Tian Thala • Nan Tharat • Setthathirat II • Ong Long • Setthathirat III • Phraya Supho • Setthathirat III • Setthathirat IV • Setthathirat V • Anouvong [2][309]
Lanao
Lanao Confederation 1520 Lanao Barahaman • Muhammad Tahir ud-Din • Laut Buisan • Maka-alang Saripada • Dundang Tidulay • Kahar ud-Din Kuda [2][234]
Lanfang
Lanfang Republic 1777 1884 Pontianak (variable) Fangbo • Wubo • Sibo • Chabo • Tai'er [2][234]
Liang
Liang dynasty Kaifeng [2][292]
Ligor
Kingdom of Ligor 1283 1782 Nakhon Si Thammarat Sam Agi • Abu Syahid • Mansûr Shâh • Ma'ayat Shâh • Mu'azzam Shâh • Mahmûd Shâh • Muhammad Shâh • Sulaymân Badr Shâh • Paramesvara • Mansûr Shâh • Sulaymân Badr Shâh • Rajah Qasim • 'Abd ar-Rahmân Shâh [2][234]
Luang Prabang
Luang Prabang Province Luang Prabang Kin Kitsarat • Ong Kham • Thao Ang • Inthara Vongsa • Inthaphom • Sotika Koumane • Surinya Vongsa II • Anurutha • Manthaturat [2][234]
Luwu Kingdom of Luwu Palopo Tunyachoka-ri • Tuni Djallo • Fakhr • Parabung • Batara Gowa • Tunitangkalopi • Karaeng Tunibatta • Muhammad Bakr Hasan • Muhammad 'Ali • Muhammad Imad • Sankilang • Tuni Pasulu • 'Abd al-Qudus • Muhammad Malik • Hamaza Tumammalianga [2][234]
Maeda
Maeda clan 1583 1873 Etchu Toshiie • Toshinaga • Toshitsune • Mitsutaka • Tsunanori • Yoshinori • Munetoki • Shigehiro • Shigenobu • Shigemichi • Harunaga • Narinaga • Nariyasu [2][295]
Maguindanao
Sultanate of Maguindanao Maguindanao Maraja • Tabunaway • Mohammed Kabungsuwan • Maka-alang Saripada • Bangkaya • Dimasangcay Adel • Gugu Sarikula • Laut Buisan • Muhammad Dipatuan Kudarat • Dundang Tidulay • Barahaman • Kahar ud-Din Kuda • Bayan ul-Anwar • Muhammad Tahir ud-Din • Muhammad Khair ud-Din • Pahar ud-Din • Kibad Sahriyal • Kawasa Anwar ud-Din [2][234]
Majapahit
Majapahit 1293 1527 Surabaya Wikramawardhana • Suhita • Kertawijaya • Rajasawardhana • Girishawardhana • Singhawikramawardhana • Girindrawardhana [2][234][310]
Makassar
Makassar Kingdom 1530 1900 Makassar Tunitangkalopi • Batara Gowa • Tuni Djallori • Tuni Parisi • Tuni Palonga • Tuni Butta • Tuni Djallo • Tuni Pasulu • Allâh ad-Dîn • Muhammad Sa'îd • Amir Hamza • Muhammad Alî • 'Abd al-Jalîl • Shihâb ad-Dîn Ismâ'îl • Siraj ad-Dîn • 'Abd al-Khayr al-Mansûr • 'Abd al-Qudus • 'Uthmân • 'Imâd ad-Dîn • Zaynal-'Abidîn • Sankilang • 'Abd al-Hâdî • 'Abd al-Khaliq • Limbangparang [2][234]
Malacca
Malacca Sultanate 1400 1511 Malacca Sam Agi • Parameswara • Megat Iskandar Shâh • Muhammad Shâh • Ibrahim • Muzaffar Shâh • Mansûr Shâh • Ri'âyat Shâh • Mahmûd Shâh • Ri'âyat Shâh I [2][234][311]
Malaya
Malaya Malacca [2][234][312]
Mataram
Mataram Sultanate 1587 1755 variable Rajasavardhana • Hyang Purvavisesa • Bhre Pandan Solar • Raden Patah Senapati • Pengeran Sabrang Lar • Pengeran Sutan Tranganna • Pengeran Sultan Prawata • Aria Pangiri • Pangeran Mas • Panembahan Ingalasa • Panembahan Krapyak • Sultan Agung • Amangkurat I • Amangkurat II • Amangkurat III • Pakubuwana I • Amangkurat IV • Pakubuwana II • Pakubuwana III • Pakubuwana IV [2][234]
Miao Miao people Hengyang [2][292]
Min Min Quanzhou [2][292]
Ming
Ming dynasty 1368 1644 Beijing Yuanzhang • Yunwen • Di • Gaochi • Zhanji • Qizhen • Qiyu • Jianjun • Youcheng • Houzhao • Houcong • Zaihou • Yijun • Changluo • Youxiao • Youjian • Yousong • Yujian • Youlang • Chenggong • Jing • Kehshuan [2][313]
Mong Yang
Mong Yang 1400 1604 Mong Yang Sao Ngan Pha • Sao Hsi Pha • Sao Pu Pha • Sawlon • Sawlon II • Sao Hung Pha [2][234]
Mori
Mōri clan 1202 1868 Aki Motoharu • Mitsufusa • Hiromoto • Toyomoto • Hiromoto • Okimoto • Komatsumaru • Motonari • Terumoto • Hidenari • Tsunahiro • Yoshinari • Yoshihiro • Yoshimoto • Munehiro • Shigetaka • Haruchika • Narifusa • Narihiro • Narimoto • Takachika [2][295]
Muan Phuang
Muang Phuan 1707 1899 Xiankhouang [2][234]
Nanbu
Nanbu clan 1189 1868 Mutsu Tokimasa • Michitsugu • Nobutoki • Nobuyoshi • Masayasu • Yasunobu • Harumasa • Harutsugu • Nobunao • Toshinao • Shigenao • Shigenobu • Yukinobu • Nobuoki • Toshimoto • Toshimi • Toshikatsu • Toshimasa • Toshitaka • Toshimochi [2][295]
Ning Ning Nanchang [2][292]
Oda
Oda clan 1435 1868 Owari Hisanaga • Toshisada • Tosada • Tomura • Tatsusada • Tatsukatsu • Nobusada • Nobuhide • Nobunaga • Hideyoshi • Hideyori [2][295]
Otomo
Ōtomo clan 1185 1619 Bungo Sadamune • Ujiyasu • Ujitoki • Chikayo • Chikaaki • Mochinao • Chikatsuna • Chikataka • Chikashige • Masachika • Yoshisuke • Chikaharu • Yoshinaga • Yoshiaki • Yoshishige • Yoshimune [2][295]
Ouchi
Ōuchi clan 1200 1557 Suo Hiroyuki • Hiroyo • Yoshihiro • Hiroshige • Morimi • Mochiyo • Norihiro • Masahiro • Yoshioki • Yoshitaka • Yoshinaga [2][295]
Pagarruyung
Pagaruyung Kingdom 1347 1833 Pagaruyung Adityawarman • Ananggawarman • Inayat • Gadzabadi • Menradza • Tsalenggathu • Tsau-Lha • Ahmadsyah • Indermasyah • Muningsyah [2][314]
Palembang
Palembang Sultanate 1659 1829 Palembang Tsalenggathu • Tsau-Lha • Mengtsekya • Menradza • Inayat • Gadzabadi • Amritpal • Mengtsekya • Husayn [2][234]
Pangasinan
Caboloan 1406 1576 Pangasinan Liyu • Hong [2][234]
Pasai
Pasai Sultanate 1267 1521 Pasai Malik as-Saleh • Muhammad Malik az-Zahir • Mahmud Malik az-Zahir I • Ahmad Malik az-Zahir • Zain al Abidin I • Nahrasiyah • Abu Zaid Malik az-Zahir • Mahmud Malik az-Zahir II • Zain al-Abidin II • Abd-Allah Malik az-Zahir • Zain al-Abidin III [2][315]
Pattani
Pattani Kingdom 1516 1902 Pattani Raja Emas Kelantan • Muzaffar Shah • Raja Isma'il Shah • Mansur Shah • Patik Siam • Bahadur Shah • Raja Hijau • Raja Buru • Raja Ungku • Raja Kening • Raja Shaktl Kelantan • Sultan Long Bahar • Raja Bakalan • Raja Emas Kelantan • Raja Emas Jayam Baginda • Raja Dewi Perachu • Shah 'Alam • Raja Laksmana Dajang • Raja Emas Jayam Baginda • Alung Yunus • Raja Yunus • Raja Long Nuh [2][316]
Pegu
Pegu 1287 1552 Pegu Razadarit • Binnya Dammayaza • Binnya Ran I • Binnya Waru • Binnya Kyan • Leik Mawdaw • Shin Sawbu • Dhammazedi • Binnya Ran II • Takayutpi • Smim Sawhtut • Smim Htaw • Smim Htaw Buddhaketi • Binnya Dala [2][317]
Perak
Perak Sultanate 1528 1635 Perak Muzaffar Shâh I • Mansûr Shâh • Ahmad Tajuddin Shâh • Tajul Ariffin Shâh • Alauddin Shâh • Mukaddam Shâh • Mansûr Shâh II • Mahmûd Shâh • Sallehuddin Shâh • Muzaffar Shâh II • Mahmûd Iskandar Shâh • Alauddin Mughayat Shâh • Muzaffar Shâh III • Iskandar Zulkarnain Shâh • Mahmûd Shâh II • Alauddin Mansûr Shâh • Ahmaddin Shâh • Abdul Malik Mansûr Shâh [2][234]
Qi Qi State Qingzhou [2][292]
Qin Qin dynasty Xi'an [2][292]
Qing
Qing dynasty 1644 1912 Beijing Bukuri Yongson • Mengtemu • Cungsan • Tolo • Sibeoci Fiyanggu • Fuman • Giocangga • Taksi • Nurhachi • Huang Taiji • Fulin • Hiowan Yei • In Jen • Hung Li • Yong Yan • Min Ning [2][234][318]
Ryukyu
Ryukyu Kingdom 1429 1879 Okinawa Satto • Bunei • Shisho • Hashi • Chu • Shitatsu • Kimpuku • Taikyu • Toku • En • Sen'i • Shin • Sei • Gen • Ei • Nei • Ho • Ken • Shitsu • Tei • Eki • Kei • Boku • On • Sei • Ko [2][295]
Shan
Burmese Shan States 1557 1885 Mong Yang Sawlon • Sawlon II • Sao Hung Pha • Hpaya Kiao • Sao Mong Hka • Sao Hkham Tao • Sao Mong Hkak • Sao On • Sao In Hkam • Sao Awk • Sao Mong Saik • Sao Hsam Hpi • Maung Nyo • Sao Mong Sin • Sao Mong Hsam • Kawng Tai • Sao Maha Hkanan [2][319]
Shiba
Shiba clan 1300 1554 Owari Takatsune • Yoshimasa • Yoshishige • Yoshiatsu • Yoshisato • Yoshitake • Yoshitoshi • Yoshikado • Yoshiharu • Yoshiaki • Mitsuuji • Yoshiatsu • Yoshisada • Ikki Kokujin • Yoshimori • Yoshiaki [2][295]
Shimazu
Shimazu clan 1196 1947 Satsuma Sadahisa • Ujihisa • Motohisa • Hisatoyo • Tadakuni • Tatsuhisa • Tadamasa • Tadaharu • Tadataka • Katsuhisa • Takahisa • Yoshihisa • Yoshihiro • Tadatsune • Mitsuhisa • Tsunahisa • Yoshitaka • Tsugutoyo • Munenobu • Shigetoshi • Shigehide • Narinobu • Narioki • Nariakira [2][295]
Shu Shu Chengdu [2][292]
Shun Shun dynasty Hanzhong Zicheng [2][292]
Siak
Sultanate of Siak 1723 1946 Siak Tsau-Lha • Menradza • Mengtsekya • Gadzabadi • Menradza • Tsalenggathu • Inayat • Abdul Jalil Rahmad Syah • Abdul Jalil Rahmad Syah II • Abdul Jalil Jalaluddin Syah • Abdul Jalil Alamuddin Syah • Muhammad Ali Abdul Jalil Muazzam Syah • Yahya Abdul Jalil Muzaffar Syah • Assaidis Asyarif Ali Abdul Jalil Syaifuddin Baalawi • Asyaidis Syarif Ibrahim Abdul Jalil Khaliluddin • Assyaidis Syarif Ismail Abdul Jalil Jalaluddin [2][234]
Sukhothai
Sukhothai Kingdom 1238 1438 Sukhothai Thammaracha II • Thammaracha III • Thammaracha IV • Trailokanat • Borommaracha III • Ramathibodi II [2][320]
Sulu
Sultanate of Sulu 1405 1915 Sulu Sharif ul Hashim • Kamal ud Din • Sharif Sayyid Ala ud Din • Amirul Umara I • Muizz ul Mutawadiin • Nasir ud Din I • Muhammad al Halim • Batarah Shah Tengah • Muwallit Wasit I • Salah ud Din Bakhtiyar • Shihab ud Din • Mustafa Shafi • Muhammad Badaruddin I • Muhammad Nasr ud Din III • Muhammad Alimuddin I • Muizz ud Din Bantilan • Muhammad Israil • Muhammad Sharafuddin • Aliyuddin I • Shakirullah [2][321]
Sunda
Sunda Kingdom 669 1579 Pakuan Mangkubumi Suradipati • Sri Baduga Maharaja • Prabu Surawisesa Jayaperkosa • Ratu Dewata • Ratu Sakti • Nilakendra • Mulya [2][322]
Takeda
Takeda clan 850 1582 Kai Nobutake • Nobunari • Nobuharu • Nobumitsu • Nobushige • Nobumori • Nobumasa • Nobutsuna • Nobutora • Harunobu • Katsuyori [2][295]
Tang Tang dynasty Nanyang [2][292]
Taungu
Toungoo dynasty 1510 1752 Toungoo Min Nemi • Letya Zeya Thingyan • Thinkhaya I • Thinkhaya II • Pantaung • Thinkhaya III • Uzana • Saw Oo II • Tarabya • Minkhaung Nge • Minnge Kyawhtin • Thiri Zaya Thura • Letya Zala Thingyan • Sithu Kyawhtin • Min Sithu • Mingyinyo • Tabinshwehti • Bayinnaung • Nanda Bayin • Nyaungyan Min • Anaukpetlun • Minredeippa • Thalun • Pindale • Pye • Narawara • Minyekyawdin • Sanay • Taninganway • Mahadhammaraza Dipadi • Alaungpaya • Naungdawgyi • Hsinbyushin • Singu • Phaungkaza • Bodawpaya • Bagyidaw [2][323]
Ternate
Sultanate of Ternate 1257 1914 Ternate Komala Pulu • Marhum • Zainal Abidin • Bayanullah • Hidayatullah • Abu Hayat • Tabariji • Khairun Jamil • Babullah Datu Shah • Said Barakat Shah • Muzaffar Shah • Hamzah • Mandar Shah • Manilha • Sibori • Said Fathullah • Amir Iskandar Zulkarnain Saifuddin • Ayan Shah • Syah Mardan • Jalaluddin • Harun Shah • Achral • Muhammad Yasin • Muhammad Ali [2][234]
Tibet
Phagmodrupa dynasty
Rinpungpa
Tsangpa
Dzungar Khanate
Tibet under Qing rule		 1354 1912 Lhasa Gendun Drup • Trakpa Chunge • Sangye Gyantesen Pal • Dön-yö Dorje • Ngawang Namgye • Töndap Tseten • Karma Tseten • Lhawang Dorje • Phüntso Namgye • Karma Tsen-Kyong • Gursi • Dayan • Tenzin Dalai • Lhabzang • Tsewang Arabtan • Phola Sonam Tobgye • Gyurme Namgyal • Kezang Gyatso • Jampel Gyatso • Luntok Gyatso • Tshultrin Gyatso [2][324]
Tidore
Sultanate of Tidore 1450 1904 Tidore Bayanullah • Khairun Jamil • Hamzah • Said Fathullah • Harun Shah • Abu Hayat • Said Barakat Shah • Manilha • Saifuddin • Muhammad Yasin • Khairun Jamil • Muhammad Ali • Tabariji • Marhum [2][234]
Tokugawa
Tokugawa clan 1567 1868 Mikawa Nobumitsu • Chikatada • Nagachika • Nobutada • Kiyoyasu • Hirotada • Ieyasu • Hidetada • Iemitsu • Ietsuna • Tsunayoshi • Ienobu • Ietsugu • Yoshimune • Ieshige • Ieharu • Ienari • Ieyoshi • Iesada • Iemochi [2][295]
Tonkin
Tonkin Kingdom Thanh Hoa Kiem • Tung • Trang • Tac • Can • Cuong • Giang • Doanh • Sam • Can • Kai • Bong [2][234]
Uesugi
Uesugi clan 1305 1868 Kozuke Noriaki • Yoshinori • Noriharu • Norikata • Tomomune • Norisada • Ujinori • Norimoto • Norizane • Noritada • Akisada • Akizane • Norifusa • Norihiro • Norimasa • Masatora • Kagekatsu • Sadakatsu • Tsunakatsu • Tsunanori • Yoshinori • Munenori • Munefusa • Shigesada • Harunori • Haruhiro • Narisada • Narinori [2][295]
U-tsang
Ü-Tsang 1642 1904 Lhasa Norzang • Kunzang • Dönyö Dorje • Ngawang Namgyal • Töndap Tseten • Karma Tseten • Lhawang Dorje • Phüntso Namgyal • Karma Tsen-Kyong • Gursi • Dayan • Tenzin Dalai • Lhabzang • Tsewang Arabtan • Phola Sonam Tobgye • Gyurme Namgyal • Kezang Gyatso • Jampel Gyatso • Luntok Gyatso • Tshultrin Gyatso [2][282]
Vientiane
Kingdom of Vientiane 1707 1828 Vientiane Fa Ngum • Samsenethai • Lamakamadinga • Phommathat • Khamtum • Meunsai • Konekham • Kham Tam Sa • Lue Sai • Khai Bua Ban • Khong Kham • Sai Tia Kaphut • Theng Kham • Laasaenthai • Sompou • Visunarat • Photisarat I • Setthathirat I • Saensurin • Maha Oupahat • Saensurin • Nakhon Noi • Nokeo Koumanh • Thammikarat • Upanyuvarat • Photisarat II • Mon Keo • Tone Kham • Vichai • Sourigna Vongsa • Tian Thala • Nan Tharat • Setthathirat II • Ong Long • Setthathirat III • Phraya Supho • Setthathirat III • Setthathirat IV • Setthathirat V • Anouvong [2][234][325]
Wu
Wu people Hangzhou [2][292]
Xi
Xi people Xiangyang Xianzhong [2][292]
Yamana
Yamana clan 1336 1467 Tajima Tokiuji • Moroyoshi • Tokihiro • Mochitoyo • Masatoyo • Suketoyo [2][295]
Yan Yan Beijing [2][292]
Yarkand Yarkent Khanate 1514 1705 Kashgar Sayyid Ali • Mirza Abu Bakr • Jahangir Mirza • Said Khan • Abdurashid • Abdul Karim • Muhammad • Shudja ad-Din Ahmad • Kuraysh • Abd al-Latif • Ahmad • Mahmud • Ahmad • Abdullah • Nur ad-Din • Ismail • Yulbars • Abd al Latif • Abd ar-Rashid • Muhammad Imin • Appak • Yahiya • Hanim • Muhammad Mumin [2][326]
Yi Yi people Umung [2][292]
Yuan
Yuan dynasty 1271 1368 Khanbaliq Kublai • Temür • Külüg • Ayurbarwada Buyantu • Gegeen • Yesün Temür • Ragibagh • Jayaatu • Khutughtu • Jayaatu • Rinchinbal • Toghon Temür [2][327]
Yue
Yue people Canton [2][292]
Zhou
Zhou 1678 1681 Yunnan Sangui • Shifan [2][292]

Nomadic[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Nomadic Aq Qoyunlu
Ag Qoyunlu 1378 1501 Qara Yülüq Osman • Ali • Cihangir • Uzun Hasan • Halîl • Yaqûb • Baysungur • Rüstem • Ahmed Gövde • Elvend Mehmed • Murâd [2][328]
Astrakhan
Astrakhan Khanate 1466 1556 Astrakhan Mahmud • Qasim I • Abdul-Karim • Jani Beg I • Husayn • Qasim II • Darwish Ali • Abdul-Rahman • Ak Köbek • Yamghurchi [2][328][42]
Bashkiria Bashkiria Bashkortostan [2][328][42]
Chagatai
Chagatai Khanate 1340 1680 Urumqi Shams-i-Jahan • Muhammad I • Sher Muhammad • Naqsh-i-Jahan • Uwais • Esen Buqa • Dost Muhammad • Yunus • Mahmud • Mansur • Abdul-Rashid I • Abdul-Karim • Muhammad III • Ahmad • Quraysh • Abdul-Latif I • Sultan Ahmad • Sultan Mahmud • Abdullah • Ilbars • Abdul-Latif II • Ismail • Abdul-Rashid II • Muhammad Amin • Muhammad Mumin [2][328][268]
Chahar
Chahars Bodi Alagh • Darayisung Gödeng • Altan • Tümen Jasaghtu • Buyan Sechen • Lingdan Khutaghtu • Ejei [2][328]
Crimea
Crimean Khanate 1449 1783 Crimea Haji I • Nur Devlet I • Mengli I • Hayder I • Mehmed I • Ghazi I • Saadet I • Islam I • Sahib I • Devlet I • Mehmed II • Saadet II • Islam II • Ghazi II • Fetih I • Toqtamish I • Selamet I • Janibek I • Mehmed III • Inayet I • Bahadir I • Mehmed IV • Islam III • Adil I • Selim I • Murad I • Haji II • Saadet III • Safa I • Devlet II • Ghazi III • Qaplan I • Devlet III • Saadet IV • Mengli II • Fetih II • Selamet II • Selim II • Arslan I • Halim I • Qirim I • Selim III • Maqsud • Devlet IV • Qaplan II • Sahib II • Shahin I • Bahadir II [2][328][42]
Golden Horde
Golden Horde 1240 1502 Saratov Küchük Muhammad • Ahmad • Shaikh Ahmad [2][328][42]
Haixi Haixi Jurchens Girin Singgen Darha • Sirugeminggedo • Cirugani • Jukungge • Taicu • Yangginu • Narimbulu • Gintaisi [2][328][268]
Jianzhou Jianzhou Huncun Bukuri Yongson • Mengtemu • Cungsan • Tolo • Sibeoci Fiyanggu • Fuman • Giocangga • Taksi • Nurhachi [2][328][268][329]
Kara Del
Kara Del 1389 1513 Hami Ha Li Suo Lu Tan • Bo Lie Ge • Han Shen • Yan Ke Bei La • Shan Ba • Bai Ya Ji [2][328][268]
Kazakh
Kazakh Khanate 1456 1847 Kypshak Kerey • Janibek I • Burunduq • Qasim • Mamash • Tahir • Buydash • Haqnazar • Shighay • Tawekel • Esim • Janibek II • Jangir • Batir • Tauke • Qayip • Bulat • Sameke • Jolbaris • Abilmambet • Abulay • Wali • Ghubaydulla [2][328][268]
Kazan
Khanate of Kazan 1438 1552 Kazan Ulugh Muhammad • Mahmudak • Khalil • Ibrahim • Ilham • Muhammad Amin • Mamuk • Abdul-Latif • Shah Ali • Sahib • Safa • Jan Ali • Otemesh • Yadigar Muhammad [2][328][42][330]
Khalkha
Khalkha Mongols Ih Huree Tushiyetu [2][328][268]
Khoshuud
Khoshut Gushri • Dayan • Dalai • Vangjal • Lhazang [2][328]
Korchin Korchin Boduna Unebolad • Unebolad II • Unebolad III • Unebolad IV • Unebolad V • Unebolad VI [2][328][268]
Manchu
Manchu dynasty 1644 1912 Cicigar Bukuri Yongson • Mengtemu • Cungsan • Tolo • Sibeoci Fiyanggu • Fuman • Giocangga • Taksi • Nurhachi • Huang Taiji • Fulin [2][328][268][331]
Mongolia
Northern Yuan 1368 1635 Ih Huree Elbeg Nigülesügchi • Gün Temür • Örüg Temür • Öljei Temür • Delbeg • Oyiradai • Adai • Tayisung • Agbarjin • Markörgis • Mulan • Manduulun • Dayan • Bodi Alagh • Darayisung Gödeng • Altan • Tümen Jasaghtu • Buyan Sechen • Lingdan Khutaghtu • Ejei [2][328][268]
Nogai
Nogai Horde 1440 1634 Nogay Edigu • Batir • Mansur • Ghazi • Vakkas • Khorezmi • Abbas • Musa • Yamghurchi • Hasan • Shaykh Muhammad • Alchagir • Sayid Ahmad • Shaykh Mamay • Yusuf • Ismail • Din Ahmad • Urus • Uraz Muhammad • Din Muhammad • Ishterek • Kanay [2][328][268]
Oirat
Oirats Kobdo Batula • Toghan • Esen • Amasanj • Ush Temur • Ismayil • Khishig • Iburai • Arkhan • Baatar • Güshi • Khara Khula • Erdeni Batur • Sengge • Galdan Bashigt • Tsewang Rabdan • Galdan Tseren • Lama Darja • Dawaji • Amursana [2][328][268]
Qara Qoyunlu
Kara Koyunlu 1375 1468 Qara Yusuf • Iskander • Jahân Shâh • Hasan 'Ali [2][328]
Qasim
Qasim Khanate 1452 1681 Qasim • Daniyal • Nur Devlet • Satilghan • Janay • Shaikh Awliar • Shah Ali • Jan Ali • Sain Bulat • Mustafa Ali • Urus Muhammad • Alp Arslan • Sayid Burhan • Fatima Soltan [2][328]
Sarig Yogir Yugur Bayan Temur [2][328]
Sibir
Khanate of Sibir 1490 1598 Tyumen Ibak • Muhammad • Qasim • Edigu • Kuchum • Ali [2][328][268]
Timurids
Timurid Empire 1370 1507 Samarkand Timur • Khalil • Shah Rukh • Ulugh Beg • 'Abd Allâh Mîrzâ • Abû Sa'id • Ahmad • Mahmud • Mas'ud • Bây Sunqur • Ali • Bâbur [2][328][268][332]
Uzbek Uzbeks Kypshak Abu'l-Khayr • Yadgar • Haydar • Muahmmad • Kochkunju • Abu Said • Ubaydulla • Abdulla I • Abdul-Aziz • Abdul-Latif • Navruz Ahmad • Pir Muhammad I • Iskandar • Abdulla II • Abdul-Mumin • Pir Muhammad II • Baqi Muhammad • Vali Muhammad • Imam Quli • Nadir Muhammad • Subhan Quli • Ubaydulla II • Abu'l-Feiz • Muhammad Rahim • Daniyal • Shahmurad • Haydar [2][328][268][160]
Yeren Yeren Miyoo Gasan Buyan • Buyangan • Mantai • Bujantai [2][328][268]
Zunghar
Dzungar Khanate 1634 1758 Kobdo Erdeni Batur • Sengge • Galdan Bashigt • Tsewang Rabdan • Galdan Tseren • Lama Darja • Dawaji • Amursana [2][328][268]

Western Africa[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
West
African 		Air
Air sultanate 1449 1900 Air Yunus • Muhammad Agg-Abba • Muhammad al-Mu'min • Muammad Agg-'A'isha • Muhammad Humad • Muhammad Guma • Muhammad Guma II • Muhammad al-'Adil • Muhammad ad-Dani • Muhammad al-Baqiri • Muhammad Guma III [2][154][333]
Ashanti
Ashanti Empire 1670 1902 Kumasi Beriguwiemda I • Beriguwiemda II • Zolgo • Zongman • Nengmitoni • Dimani • Yanza • Dariziogo • Luro • Tutugri • Zagale • Zokuli • Gungoble • Werempe Ampem • Boa Amponsem • Ntim Gyakari • Osei Tutu • Opoku Ware I • Kusi Obodum • Osei Kojo • Osei Kwame • Opoku Fofie • Osei Bonsu [2][154][334]
Benin
Benin Empire 1180 1897 Benin Orobiru • Uwaifiokun • Ewuare • Ezoti • Olua • Ozolua • Esigie • Orhogbua • Ehengbuda • Ohuan • Ahenzae • Akenzae • Akengboi • Akenkpaye • Akengbedo • Oreoghene • Ewuakpe • Ozuere • Akenzua I • Eresonyen • Akengbuda • Obanosa • Ogbebo • Osemwede [2][154][335]
Bonoman
Bonoman 1295 1900 Bonoman Nana Yaw Awere • Nana Boadi Akim • Nana Akrofi Brempong • Nana Nananom Owusu Bore • Kosounou • Biri Kofin Panyin • Abo Kofi • Kofi Sono • Agyeman • Kyereme Kofi [2][154][336]
Dagbon
Kingdom of Dagbon 1409 Dagbon Bierigudeera • Darigudeera • Zolgu • Zongma • Ningmitooni • Dimani • Yanzoe • Darizegu • Luro • Titugri • Zagli • Zokuli • Gungobili • Zangina • Andani Sigli • Binbiegu • Gariba • Nasalan Ziblim • Ziblim • Ziblim Kulunku • Andani II Jangbariga • Suman Zoli • Yakubu [2][154][337]
Dahomey
Dahomey 1600 1904 Abomey Aholuho Adja • De Nufion • Dassu • Dassa • Adjakpa • Yessu • Azoton • Yessu • Akonde • Amamu • Agagnon • Agbanga • Hueze • Agbande • Kin-Ha • Mindji • Akoli • Kopon • Do-Aklin • Dakodonu • Ganye Hesu • Wegaja • Akaba Wibega • Agadja Trudo Tossu • Tegbessou Avissu • Kpengla Guansuna • Agonglo Sindozan • Adandozan Madodugu • Gezo Gbalangbe Zedoko [2][154][338]
Fulo
Empire of Great Fulo 1490 1776 Tekrur Koli Tengella • Koli Tengella II • Laba Tengella • Gelaajo Bambi • Gelaajo Tabara • Gelaajo Gaisiri • Yero Jam Koli • Njai Garm • Jaje Garm • Jaje Ule • Gata Kumba • Samba Lamu • Bokar Tabakali • Sire Tabakali • Samba Bohi • Samba Dundu • Bubakar Sire Samba Lamu • Gelaajo Jeegi • Bubakar Sire Samba Lamu • Bubu Musa • Samba Sire Samba Lamu • Bubu Musa • Samba Gelaajo Jeegi • Konko Bubu Musa • Sule Njai • Bubu Gaisiri • Jaje Ule • Sule Njai • Samba Bohi Konko • Bakari Sule • Makhan Uru • Sule Bubu • Abdul Kader Kan • Moktar Kudeji Talla • Hamat Lamin Bal • Yusuf Ly • Bokar Lamin Bal • Ali Ibra Wan • Sire Amadu Ly • Yusuf • Biran Ibra Wan • Mamadu Mamudu • Biran [2][154][339]
Hausa
Hausa Kingdoms 900 1808 Kebbi Chiroma • Yakubu • Muhamman Rumfa • 'Abdullahi II • Muhamman Kisoki • Da'uda Abasama I • Abu Bakr Kado • Yakufu • Muhamman Shashere • Muhamman Zaki • Muhamman Nuzaki • Kutambi • Alhaji • Shekkarau II • Muhamman Kukumba • Soyaki • Muhamman Kukumba • Bawa • Muhamman Dadi • Muhamman Sharifa • Muhamman Kumbari • Alhaji Kabbi • Muhamman Yaji • Babba Zaki • Da'uda Abasama II • Muhamman Alwali • Suleimanu dan Abahama • Ibrahim Dabo [2][154][340]
Jenné
Djenné Jenne Ansa Mani Sourya • Waybu'ali • Abd Allah • Muhammad Kinba • Abu Bakr • Abu Bakr II • Muhammad Kunburu • Abu Bakr III • Abd Allah II • Isma'il • Anakba'ali • Amadu [2][154][341]
Jolof
Jolof Empire 1350 1549 Wolof Ndiadiane • Sare • N'Diklam Sare • Tyukuli N'Diklam • Leeyti Tyukuli • N'Dyelen Mbey Leeyti • Birayma N'dyeme Eter • Tase Daagulen • Birayma Kuran Kan • Bukaar Biye-Sungule • Birayma Dyeme-Kumba • Leele Fuli Fak • al-Buri Penda • Lat-Samba • Gireun Buri Dyelen • Birayma Penda • Birayma Mba • Bakar Penda • Bakan-Tam Gan • al-Buri Dyakher • Birayamb • Birawa Keme • Lat-Kodu • Bakaa-Tam Buri-Nyabu • Mba Kompass • Mba Buri-Nyabu • Birayamb Kumba-Gey [2][154][342]
Kaabu
Kaabu 1537 1867 Gabu Sama Koli • Saarafa Nyaaling • Kuntinka Sira Bula • Saamanka Dala [2][154][343]
Kanem Bornu Kanem Bornu Borno Biri II • Othman Kalinuama • Dunama IV • Abdullah II • Ibrahim II • Kadai • Dunama V • Mohammed II • Ahmad Dunama IV • Amir • Ghaji • 'Uthman • 'Umar • Muhammad IV • 'Ali I Ghaji • Idris II Katakarmaba • Muhammad V Aminami • 'Ali II Zainami • Dunama VI Ngumaramma • 'Abd Allah IV • Idris III Aluma Amsani • Muhammad VI Bukalmarami • Ibrahim III • 'Umar III • 'Ali III • Idris IV • Dunama VII • Hamdan • Muhammad VII Erghamma • Dunama VIII Ghana • 'Ali IV Ajimi • 'Ahmad `Alimi • Dunama VIII • Muhammad VIII • Dunama VIII • Ibrahim V [2][154][344]
Kano Sultanate of Kano 1350 1805 Kano Abdullah Burja I • Dakauta I • Atuma I • Yaqub I • Muhammad Rumfa I • Abdullah I • Muhammad Kisoki I • Yakufu • Daud Abasama I • Abu-Bakr Kado I • Muhammad Shashere I • Muhammad Zaki I • Muhammad Nazaki I • Kutumbi I • al-Hajj I • Shekarau I • Muhammad Kukuna I • Bawa I • Dadi I • Muhammad Sharif I • Kumbari I • al-Hajj Kabe I • Yaji II • Baba Zaki I • Daud Abasama II • Muhammad al-Walid I • Suleiman I • Ibrahim I [2][154][345]
Katsina
Katsina 1100 1807 Katsina Sanau I • Muhammad Korau I • Ibrahim Sura I • 'Ali I • Muhammad Toya Rero II • Muhammad Wari II • Uban Yari I • Karya Giwa I • Jan Hazo III • Tsagarana Hasana I • Muhammad Kabiya Wari I • Tsagarana Yahaya I • Karya Giwa III • Muhammad Wari III • Karya Giwa IV • Gida Agwaragi Mai Kere I • Gwozo I • Bawa I • Mare Mawa Mahmud II • Magajin Halidu I • Malam 'Umaru Dallaji I [2][154][346]
Kong Kong Empire Kong Bokar • Bagi • Maghan • Badagba • Basimba • Babu • Borogo • Boromo • Lasiri Gombélé • Seku • Samanogo • Kumbi • Mori Maghari • Somafi • Asoroba • Sori Fagarnan [2][154][347]
Macina
Macina Empire 1818 1862 Wagadu Maga • Alioun • Alioun II • Nia • Soudi • Hamadou Amina • Boubou Aissata • Hamadou Amina II • Boubou Aissata • Sékou Amadou [2][154][348]
Mali
Mali Empire 1235 1600 Joma Mahmud • Musa III • Uli II • Mamadu II • Mamadu III • Mamadu IV • Mama Maghan I [2][154][349]
Mossi
Mossi Kingdoms 1100 1896 Wagadugu Komdao I • Na'asira I • Wubri I • Nyingnemdo I • Nasbiire I • Kumdumye I • Nyingnemdo I • Kuba I • Moatiba I • Warga I • Zombre I • Kom I • Saaga I • Dulugu I • Sawadogo I [2][154][350]
Nupe Nupe Kingdom 1450 1818 Nupe Tsoede • Edegi • Abdu Waliyi • Alyu • Ganamace • Ibrashima • Idirisu I • Abd Alahi 'Tsado • Abu Bakr Kolo • Jibirin • Ma'azu • Majiya I • Ilyasu • Ma'azui • Mamma • Jimada • Majiya II • Idirisu II [2][154][351]
Oyo
Oyo Empire 1400 1896 Ife Oranyan • Sango • Ajaka • Aganju • Kari • Oluaso • Onigbogi • Ofinran • Eguguoju • Orompoto • Ajiboyede • Abipa • Obalokun • Ajagbo • Odorawu • Kanran • Jayin • Ayibi • Osiyago • Ojigi • Gberu • Amuniwaiye • Onisle • Labisi • Agboluaje • Majeogbe • Abiodun • Awole Arongangan • Adebo • Maaku • Aburumaku • Majotu [2][154][352]
Segu Segu Sibirdugu Barama N'Golo • Kaladyan • Danfasri • Suma • Biton Mamari • Denkoro • Bakari • Ton Mansa Demele • Kanyuba Nyama • Kera Djugu • N'Golo • Monson • Tonkomo [2][154][353]
Sokoto
Sokoto Caliphate 'Uthman dan [2]
Songhai
Songhai Empire 1464 1591 Gao Mar-Arkana • Mar Arandan • Sulaymân • 'Alî Ber • Bakarî • Muhammad I • Mûsâ • Muhammad II • Ismâ'îl • Ishâq I • Dâ'ûd • Muhammad III • Muhammad IV • Ishâq II • Nûh • Muhammad I • Hârûn • al-Amîn • Dâ'ûd I • Ismâ'îl I • Dâ'ûd II • Ismâ'îl II • Dâ'ûd III • Ishâq • Hanga • Dâ'ûd IV • Samsu • Harangi • Tomo [2][154][354]
Timbuktu Timbuktu Timbuktu Akil • Al-Hajj I • Muhammad I Banakanu • Ali Zalil • Al-Hajj II Muhammad • Da'ud • Muhammad II al-Sadiq • Muhammad III • Bakari • 'Abd al-Rahman • Bakr • Al-Mukhtar • Al-Hajj III • Mahmud [2][154][355]
Yatenga
Yatenga Yatenga Yadega • Yolomfaogoma • Kourita • Geda • Wobgho • Kango • Saaga • Kaongo • Tuguri [2][154][356]
Yao
Yao sultanate Yao Kêda • Djil Goumsoumi • Dounouma • Al el Qatil • Djil Essa Tubo • Tshéroma • Madgashé • Mat Kurtu • Djourab el Kabir • Mortcho • Djourab el Mongo • Dogo Arma • Balkashé • Djourab Saxair [2][154][357]
Zazzau Zazzau Zazzau Amina • Bakwa Turunku II • Ibrahim • Karama • Bako • Burema • Muhamman Abu • Bako II • Muhamman Abu II • Bako III dan Musa • Ishaq • Burema II Ashakuka • Bako IV dan unkuru • Muhamman dan Gunguma • Uban Bawa • Muhamman Gani • Dan Ashakuka • Muhamman Abu III • Bawo • Yunusa • Ya'qub • 'Aliyu • Cikkoku • Muhamman Mai Gamo • Ishaq Jatau • Muhammad Makau • Musa ibn Muhammad [2][154][358]

Central Africa[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Central
African 		Buganda
Buganda Buganda Kiggala • Kiyimba • Kayima • Nakibinge • Mulondo • Jemba • Suuna • Sekamaanya • Kimbugwe • Kateregga • Mutebi • Juuko • Kayemba • Tebandeke • Ndawula • Kagulu • Kikulwe • Mawanda • Namuggala • Kyabaggu • Jjunju • Semakookiro [2][359][360]
Buha Ha Ruguru Ruhaga • Ruhaga II • Kmenyi • Ntare I • Buhinda • Maziga • Masimba • Kivunangoma • Ntare II • Kanyoni • Rwasa • Ntare [2][359]
Bunyoro
Bunyoro Bunyoro Rikidu • Ocaki • Winyi I • Olimi I • Winyi II • Olimi II • Nyarwa • Cwamali • Masamba • Anabwani I • Kyebambe I • Winyi III • Nyaika • Kyebambe II • Olimi III • Duhaga • Olimi IV • Nyamutukura [2][359]
Burundi
Kingdom of Burundi 1680 1966 Nkoma Karemera • Baramparaye • Ntare I Rushatsi • Mutaga I • Mwambutsa I • Ntare II • Mwezi II • Mutaga II • Mwambutsa II • Ntare III • Mwezi III • Mutaga III • Mwambutsa III [2][359]
Busoga
Busoga Busoga [2][359]
Butua Kingdom of Butua 1450 1683 Butua Dlembeu • Dlembeu II • Dlembeu III • Dlembeu IV • Dlembeu V • Dombo Chinkura • Nechisake • Nechagadzike • Mambo Rupanadamananga • Gumboremvura • Chirisamhuru I [2][359][361]
Chokwe
Chokwe Ishindi Chinguli • Naama • Yamvu • Nkonde • Chinguli • Mbaoo • Kaamba • Chingwanja • Lweembe • Katete • Mukenge • Kathangila • Yambayamba • Chingumbe • Ngonga [2][359]
Kalundwe Kalundwe Kalundwe Muteb • Mushidi • Kamin • Nawej • Kaumba • Kasang • Nambing [2][359]
Karagwe Karagwe Kingdom Karagwe Juuko • Mutebi • Sekamaanya • Kamaanya • Mwanga • Kimbugwe • Mulondo • Ttembo [2][359]
Kasanje Kasanje Kingdom 1620 1910 Kasanje Kinguri • Kasanje ka Imbe • Kabuku • Kasa • Kasanje Kalunga • Kasa II • Kabuku II [2][359]
Kazembe
Kazembe 1740 1854 Luapala Mutanda • Mfwama • Mwongo • Munona • Ng'anga Bilonda • Kanyembo Mpemba • Lukwesa Ilunga • Kanyembo Keleka Mayi [2][359]
Kikondja Kikondja Upemba Nyembo • Ngoy • Kisuku • Nilemba • Kanshimbu • Dibwe • Maniema [2][359]
Kongo
Kingdom of Kongo 1390 1857 Mpemba Ntinu • Nkuwu • Nzinga Nkuwa • Afonso I • Pedro I • Diogo I • Bernardo I • Henrique I • Alvaro I • Avaro II • Bernardo II • Alvaro III • Pedro II • Garcia I • Ambrosio • Alvaro IV • Alvaro V • Alvaro VI • Garcia II • António I • Alvaro VII • Alvaro VIII • Afonso III • Alvaro IX • Raphael • Daniel • André • Alvaro X • Pedro IV • Nicolau • Sebastião • António II • Alvaro XI • Alexio • Henrique II • Afonso IV • José I • Afonso V • José II • Pedro VI • Alvaro XII • Francisco II • Garcia IV • Garcia V [2][359][362]
Kuba Kuba Kingdom Kuba Bope Mobinji • Bope Mobinji II • Mikope Mobinji • Shyaam a-Mbul • Misha mi-Shyaang • Kata Mbula • Mikope Mbula [2][359][363]
Loango
Kingdom of Loango 1550 1883 Loango Tati • Bicullu • Macussu • Nombe • Nkungu • Nkungu II • Afonso • Ntangu • Makose • Mwene Mbatu • Nobo Sinda • Mwe Pwati I • Nguli Nkama [2][359]
Luba
Kingdom of Luba 1585 1889 Luba Tambwe Kabongo • Fumu Mikombe • Mulopwe Mitonga • Kongolo Maniema • Kalala Ilunga • Nday • Kitamba • Ilunga Sungu [2][359][364]
Lunda
Kingdom of Lunda Rund Mbala • Nkonda • Nkonda Matit • Cibind Yirung • Yaav I a Yirung • Yaav II a Nawej • Mbala I Yaav • Mukaz Munying Kabalond • Muteba I Kat Kateng • Mukaz Waranankong • Nawej Mufa Muchimbunj • Cikombe Yaava • Nawej II Ditend [2][359][365]
Lundu Kingdom of Lundu Lundu Sonzo • Capampo • Tondo • Quizura • Tondo II • Tondo III • Quizura II [2][359]
Makua Makua Makua Gallo • Bano • Maurusa • Chicanda • Maurusa II • Chicoave • Caromboe [2][359]
Maravi
Maravi 1700 1870 Kalonga Muzura I • Chunzo • Mongas • Muzura II • Mcepera • Mcocoma • Kampini • Sosola [2][359][366]
Mutapa
Kingdom of Mutapa 1430 1760 Zimbabwe Mbire • Nyatsimba • Matope • Mavura I • Mukombero • Changamire • Kakuyo • Neshangwe • Chivere • Chirisamhuru • Gatsi • Nyambo • Mavura II • Siti • Kamborapasu • Kamharapasu Mukombwe • Nyakambira • Nyamaende Mhande • Baroma Dangwarangwa • Samatambira Nyamhandu I • Samatambira Nyamhandu I • Nyatsusu • Dehwe Mapunzagutu [2][359]Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).
Ndongo
Kingdom of Ndongo Ndongo a-Nzinga • Kiluanji Inene • Ndambi • Kiluanji Kia Ndambi • Kilombo kia Kasenda • Mbandi Kiluanji • Nzinga Mbandi • Ana I de Sousa • Barbara • Njinga Mona • João • Njinga Mona • Francisco • Veronica • Afonso • Ana [2][359]
Nkore
Nkore Nkore Ruhinda • Nkuba • Nyaika • Ntare I • Rushango • Ntare II • Ntare III • Kasasira • Kitra • Rumongye • Mirindi • Ntare IV • Macwa • Rwabirere • Kahaya I • Rwebishengye • Kayungu [2][359]
Rwanda
Kingdom of Rwanda 1885 Nduga Kigeli I • Mibambwe I • Yuhi II • Ndahiro • Ruganzu II • Mutara I • Kigeli II • Mibambwe II • Cyilima II • Kigeli III • Mibambwe III • Yuhi IV • Mutara II [2][359]
Soyo Soyo 1590 1718 Soyo Mani • Manuel I • Miguel I • Paulo I • Daniel I • Paulo II • Daniel II [2][359]
Tumbuka Tumbuka Tumbuka Gonapamuhanya • Ziwange • Kasyombe • Magemo • Mwakalosi • Magemo II • Kasyombe II • Mwangonde II • Gonapamuhanya [2][359][367]
Tyo Tyo Anziku Kateng • Mpemba • Maloba • Mukaz • Nday • Cakasekene • Sanza [2][359]
Yaka Yaka Yaka Mukulu • Paandzu • Kambaamba • Bivula • Mwaana • Muteeba Kadi • Muteeba Nzuzi • Mbaala [2][359]

Eastern Africa[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
East
African 		Alodia
Alodia 700 1504 Soba Ioel • Abdallah Jamma [2][154]
Ajuuraan
Ajuran Sultanate 1400 1700 Merca Arliqo • Sarjelle • Fadumo • Umur [2][154][368]
Antemoro
Antemoro Antemoro Andriapanolaha [2][359][369]
Aussa
Sultanate of Aussa 1734 1936 Ausa Mansur • Adan • Sabraddin • Sadiq • Ahmed • Umardin • Kadhafo • Mahammad • Aydahis • Asa [2][154]
Betsimisaraka
Betsimisaraka Vatomandry Iavy • Zanahary • Zakavolo • Tsihala • Ratsimilahoe [2][359][370]
Damot
Damot 1300 1606 Damot Mota • Mota II • Mota III • Mota IV • Mota V • Mota VI [2][154]
Darfur
Sultanate of Darfur 1603 1874 Darfur Sulayman [2][154]
Ennarea
Ennarea 1450 1710 Illubabor Kaba Siyon • La'Asohni • Badanco • Benero • Sysgayo • Emana Krestos • Gumico • Tecocci • Gah Necocci • Gawo Serocci • Sisafocci [2][154]
Ethiopia
Ethiopian Empire 1137 1974 Gonder Dawit I • Tewodros I • Yeshaq I • Andreyas • Takla Maryam • Amda Iyasus • Zara Yakob • Ba'eda Mâryâm II • Quastantînôs IV • Amda Seyôn II • Nâ'ôd I • Lebna Dengel Dâwît II • Galâwdêwôs • Mînâs • Sarsa Dengel • Yâ'qob • Sûsenyôs • Fâsîladas • Yôhannes I • Iyâsû I • Taqla Hâymânôt I • Têwôflôs • Yôstôs • Dâwît III • 'Amsa Gîyôrgîs • Iyâsû II • 'Iyâ'ôs • Yôhannes II • Tuqla Hâymânôt II • Salômôn • Tuqla Gîyôrgîs • Iyâsû III • Tuqla Hâymânôt III • Hezqeyâs • Gîyôrgîs I Yohannes • Mariam III Salomon • Salomon III • Yonas Letezum • Demetros Arqedewos • Egwale Seyon Hezqeyas • Iyoas II Hezqeyas [2][154][371]
Funj
Funj sultanate of Sennar 1504 1821 Gezira 'Amâra I Dûnqas • 'Abd al-Qâdir I • Nâ'l • 'Amâra II • Dakîn al-'Adil • Dûra • Taiyîb I • Unsa I • Abd al-Qâdir II • Adlan I • Bâdî I • Rubât I • Bâdî II • Unsa II • Bâdî III • Unsa III • Nûl • Bâdî IV • Nâsir • Ismâ'îl • Adlân • Taiyîb II • Bâdî V • Nuwar • Bâdî VI • Ranfi • Agban • Bâdî VII [2][154]
Geledi Sultanate of the Geledi 1700 1910 Afgooye Yusuf • Muhamed • Ahmed • Uthman • Ali [2][154]
Harar Harar Harer Nur • Isman • Talha • Nassir • Mohammed • Mansur • Ali • Hashim • Abdullah • Abubakar • Khalaf • Hamid • Yusuf • Ahmed • Mahamed • Abdalshakur • Ahmed • Abdulrahman [2][154]
Hobyo Hobyo Hobyo Yusuf • Ali • Yusuf II • Mohammed • Ahmed • Ali II [2][154]
Imerina Merina Kingdom 1540 1897 Merina Andrianampandrandrandava • Andrianmasinidohafandrana • Rafandrampohy • Andrianmpandramanenitra • Rangita • Rafohy • Andriamanelo • Ralambo • Andrianjaka • Andriantsitakatrandriana • Andriantsimitoviaminandriandehibe • Razakatsitakatrandriana • Andriamasinavalona • Andriantsimitoviaminandriandrazaka • Andriambelomasina • Andrianjafy • Andrianampoinimerina • Radama [2][359][372]
Kaffa Kingdom of Kaffa 1390 1897 Kaffa Minjo I • Shongetato I • Addiotato I • Shaditato I • Madi Gafine I • Bongatato I • Giba I • Gali I • Gali II • Gaki I • Gali III • Shag I • Kaye I • Hoti I • Gaha I • Gawi I • Kaye II [2][154]
Kilwa
Kilwa Sultanate 1000 1505 Kilwa Ismâ'îl • Muhammad III • Ahmad • Hasan VI • Sa'îd I • Sulaymân VII • 'Abd Allâh • 'Alî VI • Hasan VII • Hasan VII • Muhammad IV • Hasan VII • Ibrâhîm I • al-Fudail • Ibrâhîm II • Muhammad V • Hasan VIII • Muhammad VI • Sâ'îd II • Muhammad VII • Yusuf • Mwana Mwema • Yusuf • Fatima • Hassan • Sultan • Ahmad [2][359][373]
Mahafaly Mahafaly Mahafaly Tsimanatona • Andrianiveniarivo • Dian • Tsileliki • Tsileliki II • Tsileliki III [2][154]
Majeerteen
Majeerteen Sultanate 1700 1924 Hafun Mahmud I • Uthman I • Yusuf I • Mahmud II • Mahmud III • Yusuf II • Yusuf III • Mahmud IV • Uthman II [2][154]
Makuria
Makuria 340 1317 Dongola Banu [2][154]
Malindi Malindi Malindi Muhammad IV • Muhammad V • Abu I • Muhammad VI • Ahmad I • Mahmud I • Ahmad II • Ahmad III • Muhammad VII • Ahmad IV • Mahmud II [2][359]
Marehan Marehan Galkayo Abdallah I [2][154]
Medri Bahri Medri Bahri 1137 1890 Mendefera Menas I • Yeshaq I • Yeshaq II [2][154][374]
Mogadishu Sultanate of Mogadishu 900 1700 Mogadishu Ahmad I • Muhammad I • Ahmad II • Mahmud • Ali • Uthman • Muhammad II [2][154][375]
Mombasa Mombasa Mombasa Yusuf • Misham • Shehe • Muhammad • Alî • Mas'ûd • Abd Allâh I • Ahmad • 'Abd Allâh II [2][359]
Pate Pate Island 1200 1895 Pate Abubakar I • Muhammad IV • Abubakar II • Bwana Mkuu I • Muhammad V • Bwana Bakari I • Abubakar Bwana Gogo • Bwana Mkuu II • Bwana Bakari II • Ahmad IV • Bwana Tamu Mkuu • Ahmad V • Bwana Tamu Mtoto • Mwana Khadija • Bwana Mkuu IV • Bwana Fumo Madi • Ahmad VI • Fumo Luti Kipanga [2][359]
Sakalava Sakalava Menabe Andrianalimbe • Andriamandazoala • Rabaratavokoka • Andriandahifotsy • Andriamandisoarivo • Andrianamboniarivo • Andriamahatindriarivo • Andrianahilitsy • Andrianiveniarivo • Andrianihoatra • Andrianikeniarivo • Andrianaginarivo • Tombola • Ravahiny • Tsimalomo [2][359]
Sofala Sofala 700 1507 Sofala Suleiman I • Yussuf I • Suleiman II [2][359]
Warsangali
Warsangali Sultanate 1218 1886 Las Khorey Siciid • Ahmed • Siciid II • Mohamud II • Ciise II • Omar II • Ali Dable • Liban • Yuusuf • Mohamud III • Abdale • Ali • Mohamud IV • Naleye • Mohamud V • Ali II • Mohamud Ali • Aul [2][154]

Americas[edit]

North American[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
North
American 		Abenaki
Abenaki Penobscott [2][376]
Apache
Apache Apache [2][376]
Arapaho Arapaho Itscheabine [2][376]
Assiniboine
Assiniboine Bungi [2][376]
Blackfoot
Blackfoot Niitsitapi [2][376]
Caddo
Caddo Caddo [2][376]
Cherokee
Cherokee Cheraw Tistoe • Amatoya Moytoy • Moytoy II • Kalanu • Ocanostata • Attakutlakulla [2][376][377]
Cheyenne
Cheyenne Makoua [2][376]
Choctaw
Choctaw Choctaw [2][376]
Chickasaw
Chickasaw Chickasaw [2][376][378]
Chinook
Chinookan Chinook [2][376]
Comanche
Comanche Apsáalooke [2][376]
Cree Cree Kesagami [2][376]
Creek
Creek Tuskegee Brim • Chigelli • Tomochichi • Chekilli [2][376][379]
Fox
Fox Michigan [2][376]
Haida
Haida Haida [2][376]
Huron
Huron Huron Ahatsistari • Dannaconna • Ahatsistari • Adario • Dunquat • Tarhe [2][376][380]
Iroquois
Iroquois Onondaga Bear Paw • White Wolf • Hiawatha • Wise Beaver • Red Fox • Eagle • Theyanoguin • Teiorhenhsere • Thayendanega • Ahyouwighs [2][376][381]
Illiniwek Illiniwek Illinois [2][376]
Kiowa
Kiowa Haaninin [2][376]
Lenape
Lenape Lenape [2][376]
Mahican
Mahican Pocumtuk [2][376]
Miami
Miami Miami [2][376]
Mikmaq
Mikmaq Kespukwitk [2][376]
Navajo
Navajo Navajo [2][376]
Ojibwe
Ojibwe Nipigon [2][376]
Osage
Osage Nation Pahatsi [2][376]
Ottawa
Ottawa Odawa [2][376]
Pawnee
Pawnee Pawnee [2][376]
Pequot
Pequot Connecticut [2][376]
Pima
Pima Pima [2][376]
Potawatomi
Potawatomi Potawatomi [2][376]
Powhatan
Powhatan Powhatan [2][376]
Pueblo
Pueblo Pueblo [2][376][382]
Salish
Salish Salish [2][376]
Shawnee
Shawnee Chillicothe [2][376][383]
Shoshone
Shoshone Bannock [2][376]
Sioux
Sioux Mdewakanton [2][376]
Susquehannock
Susquehannock Susquehanna [2][376]
Wichita Wichita Waco [2][376]

Meso-American[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Meso-
American 		Aztec
Aztec Empire 1428 1521 Mexico Huitzilihuitl • Ohimalpopoca • Itzcoatl • Moctezuma I • Ilhuicamina • Axayacatl • Tizoc • Ahuitzotl • Moctezuma II • Xocoytzin • Cuauhtemoc [2][384][385]
Colima Colima Colima Mazatl • Colimotl [2][384]
Cocomes Cocomes Sotuta Itan Kambul • Xiool • Och • Pech • Nachi [2][384]
Itza Itza Petén Ahkinxok Muluchtzekel [2][384]
Kiche K'iche' Guatemala K'iq'ab' • Vahxak i-Kaam • Oxib Keh [2][384][386]
Maya
Maya civilization -8000 1511 Petén Ah • Tutul • Napot [2][384][387]
Mixtec
Mixtec Mixtec Atonal II [2][384]
Tarascan
Tarascan state 1300 1530 Patzcuaro Tangaxuan • Tzitzipandaquare • Zuangua • Tangaxuan II [2][384][388]
Tlapanec Tlapanec Tlapanec Jituh Zniá [2][384]
Tlaxcala
Tlaxcala 1348 1520 Tlaxcala Aztahua • Xayacamach • Xicotencatl [2][384]
Totonac Totonac Tohancapan Acamapichtli Panitzin [2][384]
Xiu
Tutul-Xiu 1441 1547 Mani Ah • Tutul • Napot [2][384]
Zapotec
Zapotec civilization -700 1521 Zapotec Zaachilla II • Zaachilla III • Cociyocza • Cociyopu [2][384]

Andean[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Andean Cajamarca
Cajamarca Cajamarca Anca [2][384]
Calchaqui Calchaquí Jujuy Viltipoco [2][384]
Chachapoya
Chachapoya Chachapoyas Huachuri [2][384]
Charca Charca Charcas Tunupa • Anquimarca [2][384]
Chimu
Chimú 1100 1470 Chanchan Minchancaman [2][389]
Colla
Qullasuyu Puno Cari Colla • Chuqui Capac • Colla Capac [2][384]
Cusco
Cusco Cuzco Viracocha • Pachacuti • Tupac Yupanqui • Huayna Capac • Huáscar I • Atahuallpa • Tupac Huallpa • Manco Inca Yupanqui • Sayri Tupac • Titu Cusi • Tupac Amaru [2][390]
Huyla
Huyla Huanuco Hastu [2][384]
Ichma
Ichma 1100 1440 Lima Irma [2][384]
Inca
Inca Empire 1438 1533 Cuzco Viracocha • Pachacuti • Tupac Inca Yupanqui • Huayna Capac • Huáscar I • Atahuallpa • Tupac Huallpa • Manco Inca Yupanqui • Sayri Tupac • Titu Cusi • Tupac Amaru [2][391]
Muisca
Muisca Confederation 1450 1540 Bogota Rulers: Aquimin(zaque) • Chía • Meicuchuca • Michuá • Nemequene • Sagipa • Saguamanchica • Tisquesusa
Other names: Aguazuque • Bacatá • Busbanzá • Cerinza • Charalá • Chipatá • Cuxininegua • Duitama • Guecha • iraca • Kankuamo • Onzaga • Paipa • Saboyá • Soacha • Tenza • Tibacuy • Tibana • Tibirita • Toca • Tomagata • Tunduma • Tutazúa • Uzathama • zaque • zipa • Zipacón		 [2][392][393][394]
Pacajes
Pacajes Tiahuanaco Cayo • Illapa [2][384]
Quito Cara Quito Huaypalcón [2][384]
Wanka Huanca Huancavelica Catequil [2][384]

Other South American[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital Names Notes
Other
South American 		Arawak Arawak Essequibo [2][384][395]
Carib
Kalina Uyapari [2][384][396]
Charrua
Charrúa Rio de la Plata Zapicán • Abayubá [2][384][397]
Guarani Guaraní Povos das Missoes [2][384][398]
Mapuche
Mapuche Huillimapu Lautaro • Caupolicán • Paillamachu • Huenecura • Aillavilu [2][384][399]
Potiguara
Potiguara
Tremembé		 Ceará [2][384]
Tupinamba Tupinambá Belém [2][384]
Tupiniquim Tupiniquim Ilheus Tibiriçá [2][384]
Tapuia Aimoré Espirito Santo [2][384]

Post-colonial nations[edit]

Technology
group		 Nation
name		 Map Historical
nation		 Start End Capital[note 2] Names Notes
Variable[note 3] Australia[note 4]
Exploration of Australia 1606 1901 Eora [2][400][401]
Brazil
Kingdom of Brazil
Empire of Brazil		 1815 1889 Bahia [2][400][402]
Canada
New France
British Canada		 1534 1866 Ottawa [2][400][403]
Chile
Conservative Republic of Chile 1830 1861 Mateo de Toro • Juan Martínez de Rozas • Fernando Márquez • Juan Antonio Ovalle • Martín Calvo Encalada • José Miguel Carrera • José Santiago Portales • Pedro José Prado • Francisco Antonio Pérez • José Miguel Infante • Agustín Manuel • Antonio José de Irisarri • Francisco de la Lastra • Bernardo O'Higgins [2][384][400]
Colombia
Gran Colombia 1821 1831 José Miguel Pey de Andrade • Jorge Tadeo Lozano • José Fernández Madrid • Custodio García Rovira • Antonio Villavicencio • Simón Bolívar [2][384][400]
Haiti
First Empire of Haiti
State of Haiti
Republic of Haiti		 1804 Jean-Jacques [2][376][400]
Louisiana
Louisiana Purchase 1803 1804 [2][376][400]
Mexico
First Mexican Empire 1821 1823 Miguel Hidalgo • José María Morelos • Vicente Guerrero [2][384][400]
Paraguay
Paraguay 1811 Fulgencio Yegros • Rodriguez de Francia • Fulgencio Yegros [2][384][400]
Peru
Peru 1821 [2][384][400]
La Plata
United Provinces of La Plata 1810 1831 Carlos María de Alvear [2][384][400]
Quebec
Lower Canada 1791 1841 Kespek [2][376][400][404]
United Provinces of Central America
Federal Republic of Central America 1823 1839 [2][384][400]
United States of America
United States 1776 Manhattan George Washington • John Adams • Thomas Jefferson • James Madison • James Monroe [2][376][400][405]
Venezuela
First Republic of Venezuela
Second Republic of Venezuela
Third Republic of Venezuela		 1811 1819 Francisco de Miranda • Simón Bolívar [2][384][400]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Easter egg state
  2. ^ Depends on first colonised province
  3. ^ Depends on colonising nation
  4. ^ Includes New Zealand

References[edit]

  1. ^ Countries
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk pl pm pn po pp pq pr ps pt pu pv pw px py pz qa qb qc qd qe qf qg qh qi qj qk ql qm qn qo qp qq qr qs qt qu qv qw qx qy qz ra rb rc rd re rf rg rh ri rj rk rl rm rn ro rp rq rr rs rt ru rv rw rx ry rz sa sb sc sd se sf sg sh si sj sk sl sm sn so sp sq sr ss st su sv sw sx sy sz ta tb tc td te tf tg th ti tj tk tl tm tn to tp tq tr ts tt tu tv tw tx ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us ut uu uv uw ux uy uz va vb vc vd ve vf vg vh vi vj vk vl vm vn vo vp vq vr vs vt vu vv vw vx vy vz wa wb wc wd we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc xd xe xf xg xh xi xj xk xl xm xn xo List of rulers
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd Europe central regions
  4. ^ Aachen
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh Europe western regions
  6. ^ Alençon
  7. ^ Alsace
  8. ^ Anhalt
  9. ^ Ansbach
  10. ^ Aquileia
  11. ^ Aragon
  12. ^ Aragon
  13. ^ Armagnac
  14. ^ Athens
  15. ^ Augsburg
  16. ^ Austria
  17. ^ Austria
  18. ^ Auvergne
  19. ^ Avignon
  20. ^ Baden
  21. ^ Baden
  22. ^ Bar
  23. ^ Bavaria
  24. ^ Bavaria
  25. ^ Berry
  26. ^ Bohemia
  27. ^ Bohemia
  28. ^ Bourbonnais
  29. ^ Brabant
  30. ^ Brandenburg
  31. ^ Brandenburg
  32. ^ Bremen
  33. ^ Bremen
  34. ^ Brittany
  35. ^ Brittany
  36. ^ Brunswick
  37. ^ Burgundy
  38. ^ Burgundy
  39. ^ Castile
  40. ^ Catalonia
  41. ^ Cologne
  42. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn Europe eastern regions
  43. ^ Cyprus
  44. ^ Danzig
  45. ^ Denmark
  46. ^ Desmond
  47. ^ Dithmarschen
  48. ^ England
  49. ^ Finland
  50. ^ Florence
  51. ^ France
  52. ^ Galicia
  53. ^ Genoa
  54. ^ Germany
  55. ^ Gotland
  56. ^ Great Britain
  57. ^ Hamburg
  58. ^ Hannover
  59. ^ Hesse
  60. ^ Holland
  61. ^ Holstein
  62. ^ Holy Roman Empire
  63. ^ Iceland
  64. ^ Ireland
  65. ^ Italy
  66. ^ Jan Mayen
  67. ^ Kurland
  68. ^ León
  69. ^ Livonian Order
  70. ^ Lucca
  71. ^ Luxembourg
  72. ^ Lübeck
  73. ^ Mainz
  74. ^ Mann
  75. ^ Milan
  76. ^ Montferrat
  77. ^ Münster
  78. ^ Naples
  79. ^ Navarra
  80. ^ Netherlands
  81. ^ Nevers
  82. ^ Northumberland
  83. ^ Norway
  84. ^ Orleans
  85. ^ The Palatinate
  86. ^ The Papal State
  87. ^ Pomerania
  88. ^ Portugal
  89. ^ Provence
  90. ^ Prussia
  91. ^ Riga
  92. ^ Roman Empire
  93. ^ Sardinia-Piedmont
  94. ^ Savoy
  95. ^ Saxony
  96. ^ Scandinavia
  97. ^ Scotland
  98. ^ Siena
  99. ^ Silesia
  100. ^ Sligo
  101. ^ Spain
  102. ^ Sweden
  103. ^ Switzerland
  104. ^ Teutonic Order
  105. ^ The Knights
  106. ^ Thomond
  107. ^ Thuringia
  108. ^ Tuscany
  109. ^ Venice
  110. ^ Verden
  111. ^ Wales
  112. ^ Westphalia
  113. ^ Wurzburg
  114. ^ Albania
  115. ^ a b Armenia
  116. ^ Bulgaria
  117. ^ Byzantium
  118. ^ Circassia
  119. ^ Commonwealth
  120. ^ Croatia
  121. ^ Georgia
  122. ^ Greece
  123. ^ Hungary
  124. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al Middle East regions
  125. ^ Jerusalem
  126. ^ Kiev
  127. ^ Lithuania
  128. ^ Montenegro
  129. ^ Muscovy
  130. ^ Naxos
  131. ^ Nizhny Novgorod
  132. ^ Novgorod
  133. ^ Perm
  134. ^ Poland
  135. ^ Polotsk
  136. ^ Pskov
  137. ^ Ragusa
  138. ^ Russia
  139. ^ Ruthenia
  140. ^ Ryazan
  141. ^ Romania
  142. ^ Sapmi
  143. ^ Serbia
  144. ^ Smolensk
  145. ^ Theodoro
  146. ^ Transylvania
  147. ^ Trebizond
  148. ^ Tver
  149. ^ Wallachia
  150. ^ Yaroslavl
  151. ^ Zaporozhie
  152. ^ Karaman
  153. ^ Ottomans
  154. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf African northern regions
  155. ^ Afghanistan
  156. ^ Algiers
  157. ^ Andalusia
  158. ^ Arabia
  159. ^ Baluchistan
  160. ^ a b Uzbek
  161. ^ Egypt
  162. ^ Granada
  163. ^ Hejaz
  164. ^ Hormuz
  165. ^ Hisn Kayfa
  166. ^ Khiva
  167. ^ Asia greater regions
  168. ^ Mamluks
  169. ^ Morocco
  170. ^ Mughals
  171. ^ Najd
  172. ^ Oman
  173. ^ Persia
  174. ^ Semien
  175. ^ Shammar
  176. ^ Syria
  177. ^ Tripoli
  178. ^ Tunis
  179. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo India super-region
  180. ^ Andhra
  181. ^ Andhra
  182. ^ Assam
  183. ^ Assam
  184. ^ Ahmednagar
  185. ^ Bagelkhand
  186. ^ Baglana
  187. ^ Bahmanis
  188. ^ Bahmanis
  189. ^ Baroda
  190. ^ Bastar
  191. ^ Bengal
  192. ^ Bengal
  193. ^ Berar
  194. ^ Bharat
  195. ^ Bharat
  196. ^ Bijapur
  197. ^ Bundelkhand
  198. ^ Carnatic
  199. ^ Ceylon
  200. ^ Ceylon
  201. ^ Chanda
  202. ^ Deccan
  203. ^ Delhi
  204. ^ Dhundhar
  205. ^ Garhwal
  206. ^ Garjat
  207. ^ Golkonda
  208. ^ Gondwana
  209. ^ Gujarat
  210. ^ Gujarat
  211. ^ Gwalior
  212. ^ Habsan
  213. ^ Hadoti
  214. ^ Hindustan
  215. ^ Hindustan
  216. ^ Jaffna
  217. ^ Jaisalmer
  218. ^ Jangladesh
  219. ^ Jaunpur
  220. ^ Jaunpur
  221. ^ Jharkhand
  222. ^ Kachar
  223. ^ Kangra
  224. ^ Kangra
  225. ^ Kashmir
  226. ^ Kathiawar
  227. ^ Keladi
  228. ^ Khandesh
  229. ^ Koch
  230. ^ Kochin
  231. ^ Ladakh
  232. ^ Madurai
  233. ^ Malabar
  234. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar East Indies super-region
  235. ^ Maldives
  236. ^ Malwa
  237. ^ Malwa
  238. ^ Manipur
  239. ^ Manipur
  240. ^ Marathas
  241. ^ Marwar
  242. ^ Mewar
  243. ^ Mewar
  244. ^ Mewat
  245. ^ Multan
  246. ^ Mysore
  247. ^ Nagaur
  248. ^ Nagpur
  249. ^ Nepal
  250. ^ Nepal
  251. ^ Orissa
  252. ^ Orissa
  253. ^ Oudh
  254. ^ Patiala
  255. ^ Punjab
  256. ^ Punjab
  257. ^ Rewa Kantha
  258. ^ Rohilkhand
  259. ^ Sadiya
  260. ^ Sind
  261. ^ Tirhut
  262. ^ Tirhut
  263. ^ Tripura
  264. ^ Venad
  265. ^ Vijayanagar
  266. ^ Vijayanagar
  267. ^ Aceh
  268. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Asia greater regions
  269. ^ Ainu
  270. ^ Amago
  271. ^ Annam
  272. ^ Arakan
  273. ^ Arakan
  274. ^ Asakura
  275. ^ Ava
  276. ^ Ayutthaya
  277. ^ Ayutthaya
  278. ^ Bali
  279. ^ Bali
  280. ^ Banjar
  281. ^ Banten
  282. ^ a b c d e f g h Tartary super-region
  283. ^ Bhutan
  284. ^ Blambangan
  285. ^ Brunei
  286. ^ Brunei
  287. ^ Buryatia
  288. ^ Buton
  289. ^ Champa
  290. ^ Champa
  291. ^ Champasak
  292. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Asia eastern regions
  293. ^ Changsheng
  294. ^ Chavchuveny
  295. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Japan
  296. ^ Chavchuveny
  297. ^ Cirebon
  298. ^ Dai Viet
  299. ^ Dai Viet
  300. ^ Dali
  301. ^ Hatakeyama
  302. ^ Hojo
  303. ^ Hosokawa
  304. ^ Imagawa
  305. ^ Khmer
  306. ^ Korea
  307. ^ Kutai
  308. ^ Lan Na
  309. ^ Lan Xang
  310. ^ Majapahit
  311. ^ Malacca
  312. ^ Malaya
  313. ^ Ming
  314. ^ Pagarruyung
  315. ^ Pasai
  316. ^ Pattani
  317. ^ Pegu
  318. ^ Qing
  319. ^ Shan
  320. ^ Sukhothai
  321. ^ Sulu
  322. ^ Sunda
  323. ^ Taungu
  324. ^ Tibet
  325. ^ Vientiane
  326. ^ Yarkand
  327. ^ Yuan
  328. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Steppe hordes
  329. ^ Jianzhou
  330. ^ Kazan
  331. ^ Manchu
  332. ^ Timurids
  333. ^ Air
  334. ^ Ashanti
  335. ^ Benin
  336. ^ Bonoman
  337. ^ Dagbon
  338. ^ Dahomey
  339. ^ Fulo
  340. ^ Hausa
  341. ^ Jenne
  342. ^ Jolof
  343. ^ Kaabu
  344. ^ Kanem Bornu
  345. ^ Kano
  346. ^ Katsina
  347. ^ Kong
  348. ^ Macina
  349. ^ Mali
  350. ^ Mossi
  351. ^ Nupe
  352. ^ Oyo
  353. ^ Segu
  354. ^ Songhai
  355. ^ Timbuktu
  356. ^ Yatenga
  357. ^ Yao
  358. ^ Zazzau
  359. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak African southern regions
  360. ^ Buganda
  361. ^ Butua
  362. ^ Kongo
  363. ^ Kuba
  364. ^ Luba
  365. ^ Lunda
  366. ^ Maravi
  367. ^ Tumbuka
  368. ^ Ajuuraan
  369. ^ Antemoro
  370. ^ Betsimisaraka
  371. ^ Ethiopia
  372. ^ Imerina
  373. ^ Kilwa
  374. ^ Medri Bahri
  375. ^ Mogadishu
  376. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar North America super region
  377. ^ Cherokee
  378. ^ Chickasaw
  379. ^ Creek
  380. ^ Huron
  381. ^ Iroquois
  382. ^ Pueblo
  383. ^ Shawnee
  384. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an Central and South American regions
  385. ^ Aztec
  386. ^ Kiche
  387. ^ Maya
  388. ^ Tarascan
  389. ^ Chimu
  390. ^ Cusco
  391. ^ Inca
  392. ^ Muisca
  393. ^ Muisca events
  394. ^ Muisca names
  395. ^ Arawak
  396. ^ Carib
  397. ^ Charrua
  398. ^ Guarani
  399. ^ Mapuche
  400. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Colonial nations decisions
  401. ^ Australia
  402. ^ Brazil
  403. ^ Canada
  404. ^ Quebec
  405. ^ USA

External links[edit]


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