User:RobbieIanMorrison/sandbox/markup

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  • ä ë ö ü Ä Ë Ö Ü ß € ¢ °C °F – —
  • {{use dmy dates|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • {{use American English|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • #REDIRECT [[target]] — must be on line number 1 but can have trailing comments
  • {{subst:DATE}}
  • X11 web colors
  • User:RobbieIanMorrison/sandbox/table


Basic markup[edit]

  • italic : ''
  • bold : '''

Draft content[edit]

  • {{user sandbox}}
  • <!-- {{user sandbox}} -->

Tables[edit]

Language related[edit]

  • MIBRAG [de] — {{interlanguage link multi|MIBRAG|de|3=Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengesellschaft}} (or {{ill}})
  • de:Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengesellschaft — [[:de:Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengesellschaft]]
  • Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengesellschaft — [[:de:Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengesellschaft|Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengesellschaft]]
  • Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengesellschaft — [[:de:Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengesellschaft|]] (known as the pipe trick in which the missing part is filled in automatically)
  • ...und das ist auch gut so — {{lang|de|...und das ist auch gut so}} (denotes language in HTML, often makes no visible changes but may do so, assists screen readers, spell checkers, and so forth)
  • (in German) — {{in lang|de}}
  • German: Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz — {{lang-de|Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz}}
  • English: Basic Law — {{lang-en|Basic Law}}
  •  Germany — {{flag|Germany}}
  •  German — {{flag|Germany|name=German}}
  • — {{translation/ref|de|Energieeinsparverordnung}}

Notes related[edit]


  • {{efn|Text.}} and invoke {{notelist}} or {{notelist-talk}}
  • {{efn|name=some-name|Text.}} with second instance {{efn|name=some-name}} (do not enclose name value in quotes)


  • {{ref|a|*}} and <nowiki>*</nowiki>{{note|a}} (each note in the notes section is marked up by hand)
  • {{ref|b|†}} and †{{note|b}}

Citation related[edit]

  • [better source needed] — {{better source|{{subst:DATE}}|reason=Xxx xxxx}}
  • [This quote needs a citation] — {{cite quote|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [citation needed] — {{citation needed|reason=Xxx xxxx|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [not verified in body] — {{citation needed lead|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [failed verification] — {{failed verification|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [dubious – discuss] — {{dubious|reason=Xxx xxxx|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [which?] — {{which|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [how?] — {{how|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [specify] — {{specify|{{subst:DATE}}|reason=Xxx xxxx}}
  • [by whom?] — {{bywhom|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [when?] — {{when|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [clarification needed] — {{clarify|{{subst:DATE}}|reason=Xxx xxxx}}
  • [ambiguous] — {{ambiguous|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [self-published source] — {{self-published source|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [tone] — {{tone-inline|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [needs update] — {{update after|2016|3|23}} {{update after|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [dead link] — {{dead link|{{subst:DATE}}}} (place immediately before the closing </ref> tag leaving a space to the left)
  • [page needed] — {{rp|needed=yes|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [page needed] — {{page needed|{{subst:DATE}}}} (place immediately after the closing </ref> tag leaving no space)
  • [attribution needed] — {{attribution needed|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [not specific enough to verify] — {{nonspecific|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • [custom text] — {{sup|[''custom text'']}}
  • Candidates than ever before[citation needed] — {{cns|text=than ever before|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • (subscription required) — {{subscription required}}
  • (subscription required) — {{subscription}}

Reference related[edit]


  • reference database

{{reflist|30em|refs= <ref name="frog-etal-1970">{{cite book | title = Ponds}}</ref>}} <!-- reflist -->

<ref group="groupname" name="id"></ref>
{{reflist|group=groupname}}

  • display-authors = etal
  • {{reflist|30em}} — made the reference list 30em wide (three column on my aging laptop) (easier to read)
  • {{reflist-talk|2}}


  • : 365  — {{rp|365}} (immediately following </ref> tag)
  • : section 2  — {{rp|section 2}} (the template applies a nowrap construction)
  • : S28–S29  : emphasis per original  — {{rp|S28–S29}}{{nnbsp}}{{rp|at=emphasis per original}} (the |at= parameter adds parentheses)
  • [page needed] — {{rp|needed=yes|{{subst:DATE}}}}
  • some text — {{sup|some text}}


  • p. 2 — {{p.|2}} (adds no-break space)
  • pp. 2–4 — {{p.|2|4}}


  • Public Domain One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: King, Richard (1869). Handbook. Vol. 1. J Murray.— {{citation-attribution|{{cite book ... }}}}
  • Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: King, Richard (1869). Handbook. Vol. 1. J Murray. — {{source-attribution|{{cite book ... }}}}


  • Open access icon — {{open access}} (leave space after cite template)
  • Closed access icon — {{closed access}} (leave space after cite template)
  • (Registration required) — {{link note|note=Registration required}}



  • ISSN 1234-5679 — ISSN 1234-5679 (magic link not supported)
  • ISBN 0-7475-3269-9 — ISBN 0-7475-3269-9 (magic link supported)
  • ISBN 0-7475-3269-9 — ISBN <nowiki/> 0-7475-3269-9 (magic link suppressed)


Attributions[edit]


 This article incorporates text by Bill Frog available under the CC BY 4.0 license. Changes were made.

  • — <ref>{{cite web | title = ...}} {{cc-notice | cc = by4 | url = https://www.xxx.org/yyy | author(s) = Bill Frog}} Changes were made.</ref>
  • used for material imported from the Clean Energy Wire site



Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.

  • — <ref>{{cite web | title = ...}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]] Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International {{nowrap|(CC BY 4.0)}} license].</ref>
  • used for material imported from the openmod wiki

Text related[edit]


  • Bold Normal — '''Bold <span style="font-weight: normal">Normal</span>''' (for use in bold environments)
  • emphasis — {{em|emphasis}} (semantic markup, which has some benefits)
  • courier — {{font|courier|font=courier|color=DarkOliveGreen}} (can also use text=)
  • text text text — text {{fontcolor||#FFDDCC|text}} text
  • monospaced iiii — {{mono|monospaced iiii}} (note that <tt> is an obsolete element under HTML5)
  • (2005–present) — {{small|(2005–present)}}
  • this text is 80% normal size — {{resize|80%|this text is 80% normal size}}
  • this text defaults to 90% normal size — {{resize|this text defaults to 90% normal size}}
  • this text is 0.2em larger than normal — {{resize|1.2em|this text is 0.2em larger than normal}}
  • née Name — {{nee|Name}}
  • c. 1850 — {{circa|1850}}
  • MSLP — {{abbr|MSLP|Mean Sea Level Pressure}} (mouse-over abbreviations)
  • aka — {{abbr|aka|also known as}}
  • UKTooltip United Kingdom — {{abbrlink|UK|United Kingdom}} (generates a link too)
  • a.k.a. — {{aka}}
  • [sic] — {{sic}} (for when the quote looks wrong)
  • pp — {{abbr|pp|percent points}}
  • Lots of text 10 kg (22 lb) more text. — Lots of text {{nowrap|10 kg (22 lb)}} more text.
  • publically [sic] — {{sic|public|ally|expected=publicly}} (although publically is listed as an acceptable spelling) (the public|ally is for obfuscation)
  • publically — {{sic|public|ally|expected=publicly|hide=yes}} (offers the benefits of the template without displaying anything)
  • {{nbsp}} — no-break space
  • {{nnbsp}} — narrow no-break space (inserts U+202F or NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE [NNBSP])
  • HyperText Markup Language — {{strikethrough|HyperText Markup Language}}
  • "', '", "'" — {{" '}}, {{' "}}, {{" ' "}} (quotes within quotes, see MOS:QWQ)
  • T = 293.15 K not m=5.4kg — {{xt|1=''T'' = 293.15 K}} not {{!xt|1=''m''=5.4kg}}
  • ⟨ŋ⟩ — {{angbr|ŋ}}


  • Highlighted text — {{highlight round|Highlighted text}}
  • text — {{hl|text}}
  • text — {{highlight|text|lightblue}}
  • text — {{red|text}}
  • Hello, world! — {{color|orangered|Hello, world!}} (use RGB hex code or X11 web color)
  • X11 color SeaGreen — {{color|seagreen|X11 color SeaGreen}}
  • Hello, world! — {{background color|orange|Hello, world!}} (use RGB hex code or X11 web color)
  • GLPK — {{font color|orangered|gainsboro|GLPK}} (named fields possible too)
  • GLPK — {{font color|orangered|gainsboro|GLPK|link=yes}}
  • GLPK — {{font color|orangered|gainsboro|GLPK|link=GNU Linear Programming Kit}}

Character related[edit]

Relative widths of various spaces in Unicode


  • U+0020   SPACE — {{unichar|0020|space|html=}}
  • U+0020   SPACE — {{unichar|0020}}
  • U+2007   FIGURE SPACE — {{unichar|2007}}


Symbol Name HTML Comment
space &#32;
" double quote  &#34; &quot;
, comma &#44;
. period &#46;
: colon &#58;
; semicolon &#59;
[ bracket [ &#91;
] bracket ] &#93;
| pipe &#124;

Unicode[edit]

Symbol Template HTML Unicode Unicode name Comment
&#9; U+0009 TAB, HT (neither are official) horizontal tab, escape character \t
&#10; U+000A LINE FEED, LF (neither are official) line feed, newline on UNIX, Linux, macOS
&#32; U+0020 SPACE {{nbsp}} for non-breaking
# {{hash-tag}} &#35; U+0023 NUMBER SIGN use template to avoid markup interpretation
* {{asterisk}} &#42; U+002A ASTERISK &ast; fails, use template or <nowiki> markup to avoid markup interpretation
- &#45; U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS standard ASCII hyphen
/ &#47; U+002F SOLIDUS forward slash
< &lt; U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN &#60;
= &#61; U+003D EQUALS SIGN
> &gt; U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN &#62;
\ &#92; U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS back slash
` &#96; U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT back tick
| {{pipe}} &#124; U+007C VERTICAL LINE template useful in parameter values, also {{!}} as magic word
  {{nbsp}} &nbsp; U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE &#160;
¢ &cent; U+00A2 CENT SIGN &162; euro cent can be: c, ¢ (less common), ct (Germany)
§ &sect; U+00A7 SECTION SIGN mostly for legal documents
­ {{shy}} &shy; U+00AD SOFT HYPHEN &#173; soft hyphen, only becomes visible on line wrapping, copy-paste problems
° &deg; U+00B0 DEGREE SIGN &#176; also degree Celsius: 0 °C or 0&#8239;&deg;C
Ø &Oslash; U+00D8 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH STROKE diameter sign
ß &szlig; U+00DF LATIN LETTER SMALL SHARP S Deutsch eszett
  &emsp; U+2003 EM SPACE &#8195; about four times a normal space
  {{thinsp}} &thinsp; U+2009 THIN SPACE &#8201; {{space|thin}} for non-breaking
  &#8202; U+200A HAIR SPACE {{space|hair}} for non-breaking, very narrow and of limited use
​ &#8203; U+200B ZERO-WIDTH SPACE zero-width space, provides optional line wrapping point within a word, copy-paste problems
‑ {{nbhyph}} &#8209; U+2011 NON-BREAKING HYPHEN non-breaking hyphen
– {{ndash}} &ndash; U+2013 EN DASH &8211
— {{mdash}} &mdash; U+2014 EM DASH &8218
† {{dagger}} &dagger; U+2020 DAGGER &#8224;
• &bull; U+2022 BULLET &#8226;
  {{nnbsp}} &#8239; U+202F NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE
€ &euro; U+20AC EURO SIGN &#8364;
← &larr; U+2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW &#8592;
→ &rarr; U+2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW &#8594;
− &#8722; U+2212 MINUS SIGN &minus;
∗ &lowast; U+2217 ASTERISK OPERATOR &8727; larger than the typewriter asterisk and centered
⋅ &sdot; U+22C5 DOT OPERATOR &8901; useful in units like 1000 TWh⋅a−1
⌀ &#8960; U+2300 DIAMETER SIGN diameter sign
␣ &#9251; U+2423 OPEN BOX &blank; doesn't work, used to indicate an explicit space character
□ &#9633; U+25A1 WHITE SQUARE
▢ &#9634; U+25A2 WHITE SQUARE WITH ROUNDED CORNERS
► &#9658; U+25BA BLACK RIGHT-POINTING POINTER
✓ &#10003; U+2713 CHECK MARK tick character
✔ &#10004; U+2714 HEAVY CHECK MARK bold tick character
{ &lbrace; U+007B LEFT CURLY BRACKET use to avoid creating template
} &rbrace; U+007D RIGHT CURLY BRACKET use to avoid creating template

Quote related[edit]


Quoted material. 

<blockquote>
Quoted material.
</blockquote>

Quoted material.

— First M Last, "Article Title", Book title (date)
{{quote
 | text = Quoted material.
 | author = First M Last 
 | title = "Article Title" 
 | source = ''Book title'' (date)
}}
Title

The most interesting thing to me, is that it traveled. It went from New York media circle-jerk Twitter to international.

Author, Source

{{quote box
 | quote = The most interesting thing to me, is that it traveled. It went from New York media circle-jerk Twitter to international.
 | align = left
 | width = 30%
 | qalign = left
 | salign = right
 | title = Title
 | author = Author
 | source = Source
}}
Quoted material
— Author, Title
{{quote frame
 | quote = Quoted material
 | author = Author
 | title = Title
}}

Code related[edit]


  • int foo(const std::vector<long double*>& baz); — {{code | lang=cpp | int foo(const std::vector<long double*>& baz);}}
int func(int x, int y)
{
  return x;
}
  • <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp" style="font-size: 90%"> ... </syntaxhighlight> (wrap at 60 chars for small screen devices)


pre very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very line
  • <pre style="font-size: 90%; overflow-x:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto">


  • <small style="font-size: 85%"> — {{tag|small|o|params=style="font-size: 85%"}}
  • <small style="font-size: 85%">...</small> — {{tag|small|params=style="font-size: 85%"}}

Redirection related[edit]

Redirect

  • Help:Redirect — create a redirect or redirection page
    • [[source]] — easy way of creating a new page
    • #REDIRECT [[target#section]] — add this line to the new page and save with commit message like "creating redirection page" — must be on line number 1 but can have trailing comments

Other

  • — {{anchor|foo-bar}} and link with [[#foo-bar|foo bar]]


  • "ESWC" redirects here. For the conference, see Extended Semantic Web Conference.
    — {{redirects|ESWC|the conference|Extended Semantic Web Conference}}
  • Main article: Energiewende
    — {{main article|Energiewende}}
  • See also: Energiewende § Status
    — {{see also|Energiewende#Status}}
  • Further information: New Zealand electricity market
    — {{further|New Zealand electricity market}}
  • Further information: New Zealand electricity market
    — {{further2|[[New Zealand electricity market]]}}
  • For other uses, see Dena (disambiguation).
    — {{other uses|Dena (disambiguation)}}
  • This page is about energy use in buildings. For the modeling of energy systems more generally, see energy modeling.
    — {{about|energy use in buildings|the modeling of energy systems more generally|energy modeling}}
  • For the modeling of energy systems more generally, see energy modeling.
    — {{about||the modeling of energy systems more generally|energy modeling}}
  • See also: Category:Phrases
    — {{see also cat|Phrases}}


Short cuts[edit]

  • NH3 — {{NH3}}
  • CO2 — {{CO2|link=yes}}
  • CO2eq — {{CO2}}eq
  • CO2eq — [[Carbon dioxide equivalent|{{CO2}}eq]]

Interlinks and embedded URLs[edit]

Wikilinks and similar[edit]

  • casing may be significant but underscores can be replaced by space chars





  • [Paris, Texas] — {{bracket|[[Paris, Texas]]}} (because triple brackets do not work)



  • — [[de:Wikiwoods]] (no leading colon, shows up in the side bar only)

Embedded URLs[edit]

  • www.iraqinquiry.org.uk — {{url|https://www.iraqinquiry.org.uk}} (without alias)
  • example.com — {{url|https://www.example.com|example.com}} (with alias, best just to drop "www.")
  • www.genesys.rwth-aachen.de/index.php?id=12&L=3 — {{url|1=http://www.genesys.rwth-aachen.de/index.php?id=12&L=3}} (when URL contains equals characters)
  • Wikipedia — {{plain link|http://www.wikipedia.org|Wikipedia}} (no symbol follows)
  • Wikipedia — [http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia] (traditional markup)

Email addresses[edit]

  • @ — {{nospam}} (the @ sign is a graphic)
  • account@example.com — {{nospam|account|example.com}}
  • {{share email | target = example@gmail.com | subject = An interesting page | contents = This Wikipedia page will interest you: {{PAGENAME}} | show = email this page | icon = true}}
{{share email
 | target = example@gmail.com
 | subject = An interesting page
 | contents = This Wikipedia page will interest you: {{PAGENAME}}
 | show = email this page
 | icon = true
}}
* {{share email | contents =}} — {{share email | contents =}} ('contents' set to nil to prevent default of page URL)
* {{share email | show =   | icon = true}} — {{share email | show = &nbsp; | icon = true}} ('show' set to no-break space to prevent default hyperlink, could be considered abusive)
* {{share email | target = My%20example%20%3Cexample@gmail.com%3E}} — {{share email | target = My%20example%20%3Cexample@gmail.com%3E}} (can use the [[#URL encodings|percent-encodings]] {{code|%20}} {{code|%3C}} {{code|%3E}} in the 'target' field)

Date and time related[edit]


  • {{use dmy dates|{{subst:DATE}}}} — apply at start of article


  • 4 August 2006 — {{date|2006-08-04}} (will still line break at day value)
  • 4 August 2006 — {{date|4 August 2006}} (will still line break at day value)
  • 4 August 2006 — 4{{nbsp}}August 2006 (line break at day value prevented)
  • 1958‍–‍2016 — {{nbnd}} (nobreak endash)
  • 17 April 1958 – 24 June 2016 — {{snd}} (spaced endash)
  • 2,861 days — {{age in days|12 July 2016|show unit=full}}
  • 1 January 2000 (24 years ago) (2000-01-01) — {{start date and age|df=yes|paren=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} (df = use day first format)
  • 2000 (24 years ago) (2000) — {{start date and age|df=yes|paren=yes|YYYY}} (only year specified)
  • January 1, 2000; 24 years ago (2000-01-01) — {{start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} (default conduct, month-first format, no parentheses)
  • (1952-01-22) 22 January 1952 (age 72) — {{birth date and age|df=yes|1952|01|22}} (must define specific day, unlike 'start date and age')
  • as of 12 May 2024 — as of {{FULLDATE|type=dmy}} (returns the full or short date at current UTC time — as set on the Wikipedia server)
  • As of 2012 — {{as of|2012}}
  • as of September 2012 — {{as of|lc=yes|2012|09}}
  • since the beginning of 2005 — {{as of|2005|alt=since the beginning of 2005}}
  • was — {{show by date|2016|11|09|is being|was}} (will be hardcoded by the AnomieBOT shortly after the specified date is reached)
  • date=July 2016 — {{subst:DATE}}

Number and units related[edit]


  • 2.0 °C (35.6 °F) — {{convert|2.0|C|1}} (Celsius temperature conversion, formatting applies to conversion only)
  • 2.0 °C (36 °F) — {{convert|2.0|C|sigfig=2}} (Celsius temperature conversion, formatting applies to conversion only)


  • 1.5 °C — {{val|1.5|u=degC}} (Celsius)
  • 1.5 °C — {{val|1.5|ul=degC}} (Celsius with wikilink on units)


  • 3 μm – 2 mm — {{snd}} (spaced endash)
  • 23/16 — {{math|2{{sfrac|3|16}}}}
  • π — {{pi}}


  • 1234 — {{val|1234}} (four digits so no thin space)
  • 12345 — {{val|12345}}
  • −123456 — {{val|-123456}} (hyphen converted to minus sign)
  • −123456 — {{val|−123456}} (minus sign can be used directly)
  • +1234567 — {{val|+1,234,567}} (explicit plus sign remains, commas are legal but spaces are not)
  • 5.8×107 kg — {{val|5.8|e=7|u=kg}}
  • 32 Gt — {{val|32|ul=Gt}} (Gt is wikilinked to tonne)
  • 12345.67 TWh — {{val|12345.67|u=TWh}}
  • 12,345.67890 — {{val|fmt=commas|12345.67890}}
  • 10 em — {{val|10|u=[[Em (typography)|em]]}} (custom linking)
  • 3.6 TB — {{val|3.6|u=[[terabyte|TB]]}} (custom linking)


  • 12 £/kWh — {{val|12|u=£|up=kWh}} (the proper way of representing a fractional unit)
  • 6.35 ¢/kWh — {{val|6.35|ul=¢|up=kWh}} (redirects to cent) <
  • 6.35 ct/kWh — {{val|6.35|ul=ct|up=kWh}} (redirects to the CT disambiguation page)
  • 6.35 c/kWh — {{val|6.35|ul=c|up=kWh}} (falsely redirects to speed of light)


  • 1.2345×10^4 — {{scinote|12345}}
  • 1.23×10^4 — {{scinote|12345|3}} (rounding to 3 significant figures)
  • 12.345×10^3 — {{scinote|fn=eng|12345}} (engineering notation, not available in val)
  • 1.234500×10^−3 — {{scinote|0.001234500}} (trailing zeros are preserved)


  • 299792458 m/s — {{gaps|299|792|458|u=m/s}} (adds 0.25em padding as indicated and a final nbsp between the number and any unit)
  • 1.602176487(40)×10^−19 C — {{gaps|1.602|176|487|(40)|e=-19|u=C}}


  • 2,250 metres (7,380 ft) — {{convert|2250|m|ft}} (with default UK spelling, with default rounding, without abbreviations)
  • 2,250 meters (7,380 ft) — {{convert|2250|m|ft|sp=us}} (with explicit US spelling, with default rounding, without abbreviations)
  • 2,250 m (7,382 ft) — {{convert|2250|m|ft|0|comma=gaps|abbr=on}} (with rounding to no decimals, with abbreviations)
  • 2250 m (7380 ft) — {{convert|2250|m|ft|comma=gaps|sigfig=3|abbr=on}} (with 3 significant figures, with abbreviations)
  • 2250 m (7380 ft) — {{convert|2250|m|ft|comma=gaps|round=5|abbr=on}} (with rounding to 5 feet, with abbreviations)


  • 7 °F (3.9 °C) — {{convert|7|F-change|C-change}} (stepwise conversion)
  • 7 °F (−14 °C) — {{convert|7|F|C}} (direct conversion)

Geographic location related[edit]

Wikipedia[edit]

Wikimedia Commons[edit]

Maths related[edit]

Currency related[edit]

Core currencies[edit]

Currency Result Markup Nowrap Usage Comment
USD US$66 billion {{US$|66 billion}} yes USD with words or digits
US$490000 {{val|490000|p=US$}} yes USD with spaced digits p=prefix, cannot use l to link
US$9,900,000 {{currency|9.9 million|code=USD|linked=no}} not needed USD with comma-separators note the unlinking
EUR €10 billion €10{{nbsp}}billion indirectly EUR with words or digits {{euro|44 billion}} can wrap
€490000 {{val|490000|p=€}} yes EUR with spaced digits p=prefix, cannot use l to link
€9,900,000 {{currency|9.9 million|code=euro|linked=no}} not needed EUR with comma-separators note the unlinking
JPY ¥39 million {{JPY|39 million}} yes yen with words or digits
¥490000 {{val|490000|p=¥}} yes yen with spaced digits p=prefix, cannot use l to link
¥9,900,000 {{currency|9.9 million|code=JPY|linked=no}} not needed yen with comma-separators note the unlinking

Examples[edit]

  • £260 million — £{{formatprice|{{Inflation|UK|284000|1401|r=2}}}}
  • $568,527.23 — ${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|284000|1985|2008|r=2}}}}
  • $470,000 — ${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|284000|1985|2001|r=-4}}}}


  • €1,000 — {{currency|1000|code=euro}} (links the €)
  • €1,000 — {{currency|1000|code=euro|linked=no}} (unlinks the €)
  • £9,000,000,000 — {{currency|9.0 billion|code=gbp|linked=no}} (unlinks the £)
  • €9,000,000,000 — {{currency|9 billion|code=euro}}
  • ¥1,000 — {{currency|1000|code=JPY}} (useful for unusual currencies)


  • US$66 billion — {{US$|66 billion}} (places construct in nowrap span)
  • US$100 (equivalent to $939.08 in 2023) — {{US$|100|1966}}
  • US$1,000 (equivalent to about $22,200 in 2023) — {{US$|1000|1935|round=-2|about=yes}}
  • £9.0 billion — {{GBP|9.0 billion}} (places construct in nowrap span)
  • ¥198 billion — {{JPY|198 billion}}
  • €44 billion — {{euro|44 billion}} (does not use nowrap or nbsp) (also {{EUR}} is for the flag)


  • €490000 — {{val|490000|p=€}} (places construct in a nowrap span)
  • US$490000 — {{val|490000|p=US$}} (places construct in a nowrap span)
  • $11/acre — {{val|11|upl=acre|p=$}} (u=unit, p=per, l=link, p=prefix)


  • €10 billion — €10{{nbsp}}billion

List related[edit]


basic

  • item — * item
    • sub-item — ** sub-item


numbered

  1. item — # item
  2. item — # item
    1. sub-item — ## sub-item


dot

  • layout: See also · Notes · References

— layout: See also{{dot}} Notes{{dot}} References (use as a last resort, can be used mid-sentence)

hlist

  • one
  • two
  • three

— {{hlist|one|two|three}}

  • four
  • five
  • six

— {{hlist|class=nowrap|four|five|six}} (adds nowrap construct to the entire list)

flatlist

  • Entry
  • Entry

— {{flatlist| * Entry * Entry}} (linebreaks are required)

plainlist

  • Entry
  • Entry

— {{plainlist| * Entry * Entry}} (linebreaks are required, this markup is preferred to <br/>, particularly in infoboxes)

unbulleted list (useful in tables) (shortens to ubl)

  • Winner
  • Runner-up
  • Third place

— {{unbulleted list|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item1_style=background-color:yellow|item2_style=background-color:silver}}

anchored list

  1. Text.

— {{anchored list|style="padding: 0.3em" |{{anchor|1}} Text. }}


ordered list

  1. entry 1
  2. entry 2

— {{ordered list|entry 1|entry 2}}


col markup (note that second item is on right of page)

  • item
  • item

— {{colbegin|colwidth=30em}} * item * item {{colend}} (linebreaks are required)

semicolon/colon construct

Bold
Text.

— ;Bold: Text.

See also markup[edit]

  • this markup is better than one long flowed column interspersed with tags
'''Some topic'''

{{colbegin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[:Category:Energy policy by country]]
* ...
{{colend}}

...

Large graphics[edit]

Todo[edit]

— {{todo}}

Section information[edit]

— {{confusing|section|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{copy edit section|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{expand section|proper text and additional citations|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{one source|section|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{split section|Proposed article|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{update section|{{subst:DATE}}}}

Article information[edit]

— {{primary sources|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{page numbers needed|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{update|{{subst:DATE}}}} (this template detects the namespace and adjusts accordingly)

— {{bareURL|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{missing information|the clear definition of the energy conversion efficiency for light sources|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{lacking ISBN|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{citations broken|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{no footnotes|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{more footnotes|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{no references|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{refimprove|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{split section |Title to which to split |discuss={{TALKPAGENAME}}#Split proposed |{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{cleanup-reorganize|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{expert needed| energy economics| reason= There has been much poorly sourced, or unsourced material recently added to the article.|{{subst:DATE}}}} 

— {{uncategorized|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{external links|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{confusing|reason=the furtlewangler is referred to in the plural but the diagram shows only one|{{subst:DATE}}}}

— {{multiple issues|{{context|{{subst:DATE}}}} {{lead too short|{{subst:DATE}}}} {{technical|date=July 2015}} {{tone|{{subst:DATE}}}}}}

Miscellaneous[edit]

Insert text here. — <div class="floatleft" style="margin-bottom:0">[[File:Ambox warning orange.svg|48px|alt=|link=]]</div> Insert text here.


Text. — [[File:Red question icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=]] Text.

Small graphics[edit]


  • Work in progress; comments welcome
    — {{WQA in progress}} (read template documentation before use)
  • Comment: This term does seem to be coming into use. — {{AFC comment|1=This term does seem to be coming into use.}}
  • ✓ Pass — {{pass}}
  • ✗ Fail — {{fail}}
  •  Fixed — {{fixed}}
  •  Done — {{done}}
  •  Not done — {{not done}}
  •  Partly done — {{partly done}}
  •  Custom message — {{partly done|Custom message}}
  •  Doing... — {{doing}}
  • Yes Sent — {{sent}}
  • Green tickY — {{aye}}
  • checkY — {{tick}}
  • Red XN — {{nay}}
  • ☒N — {{cross}}


  • Resolved
    — {{resolved}}
  • Not done for now. — [[File:Red information icon with gradient background.svg|20px|link=|alt=]] '''Not done for now'''.


  • → — {{arrow}}
  • Alt+P — {{key press|Alt|P}}


  • open access publication - free to read — <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;">[[File:Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg|9px|link=Open access|open access publication - free to read]]</span> (code from the {{open access}} template)

Images[edit]


Placeholder image
  • [[File:Image.png | thumb | Placeholder image]]
  • [[File:Image.png | thumb | upright = 0.3 | left | Some caption]] (not invoked)

File:Image.png

  • [[:File:Image.png]] (cannot use additional arguments)

Galleries[edit]


Deutsch[edit]

  • [[Datei:xxx.jpg | mini | hochkant | Beschreibung]] (hochkant = upright)

Talk pages related[edit]

Any mention of a user on a page will result in a notification. This is based on the transposed text and not on the template itself. See:

  • mw:Manual:Echo — rules for generating a user notification from a talk page or similar



  • {{reflist-talk|2}} — two column variant


  • RobbieIanMorrison (talk · contribs) — {{user|RobbieIanMorrison}}
  • RobbieIanMorrison — {{u|RobbieIanMorrison}} (in full {{user link}})
  • @RobbieIanMorrison: — {{ping|RobbieIanMorrison}} (add multiple users using pipes)

  • Quoted text.

    — {{talk quote|Quoted text.}}

  • Quoted text.

    — {{talk quote|italic=yes|Quoted text.}}
  • {{URL}} — {{tl|URL}} (template link)
  • Category:Africa — {{cl|Africa}} (category link)
  • |name= — {{para|name}}
  • |name=value — {{para|name|{{var|value}}}} (see {{para}} documentation for more information)
  • {{name|parameter}} — {{tnull|name|parameter} (not wikilinked)
  • ssh hostname — {{kbd|ssh {{var|hostname}}}} (keyboard input, adds <kbd> tags)
  • % — {{samp|%}} (sample output, adds <samp> tags)


— {{unindent}}

FAQ related[edit]

Q1: Why is there an empty |publisher=?
A1: There isn't any reliable way to parse that field, and an empty one is intentionally left when |work= cannot be parsed. Please fill it in manually.
{{FAQ row
|q=Q1: Why is there an empty {{para|publisher}}?
|a=A1: There isn't any reliable way to parse that field, and an empty one is intentionally left when {{para|work}} cannot be parsed. Please fill it in manually.
}}

Review related[edit]

  • Comment: Some comment. — {{AFC comment|1=Some comment.}} (can use list markup too)

Collapsing content[edit]


Optional custom heading
Discussion text to be put into box.

{{collapse|float=none|width=30em|2=Optional custom heading|1=Discussion text to be put into box.}}

HTML markup[edit]

  • <br/> automatically converted to <br /> by the MediaWiki software
  • <wbr> means that the browser may insert a line break as it sees fit (see also zero-width space and soft hyphen HTML markup)
  • RGB coding for text — <font color='#888888'>RGB coding for text</font> (see also {{grey}})
  • Typo to be corrected — <span style="color: red; text-decoration: line-through">Typo to be corrected</span>
  • Quoted text — <span style="color: seagreen">Quoted text</span>
  • strike out — <s>strike out</s> (for content that is no longer accurate or relevant)
  • no wrap text — <span style="white-space: nowrap">no wrap text</span>
  • and highlight me — and <span style="background-color: khaki; padding-left: 0.3em; padding-right: 0.3em">highlight</span> me
  • and  highlight  me — <span style="background-color: beige">&thinsp;highlight&thinsp;</span>
  • one two three — one <mark>two</mark> three (HTML 5)

Monospace font[edit]

  • a work-around for broken specification
  • note also {{mono}}
  • default — <span style="font-family: monospace">default</span> (default behavior)
  • fixed — <span style="font-family: monospace, monospace">fixed</span> (work-around) (font-size: 1em omitted)
  • typewriter — <tt>typewriter</tt> (default behavior)
  • code — <code>code</code> (default behavior)

Preformatted copy[edit]

  • see also {{pre2}} and {{pre2|scroll|text}}
  • the horizontal scrollbar does not work with the <syntaxhighlight> tag while the font-size property does
Small preformatted example

<pre style="font-size: 90%">Small preformatted example</pre> 

Wide preformatted example xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx

<pre style="font-size: 90%; overflow-x:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto">Wide preformatted example</pre> (with horizontal scrollbar if lines are long)

Hanging references[edit]

  • should normally use CSS classes

Paragraph style

  • buggy in email
<p style="padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em; padding-right: 50%">Hanging reference.</p>

Hanging reference.

Division style

  • works well
<div style="padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em; padding-right: 60%">
<p>First (0000). "Title title". <i>Journal</i>. <b>10</b> (10): 00–00. doi:<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.123">10.1016/j.enpol.123</a>.</p>
<p>Second (0000). <i>Title title</i>. Location: Publisher. ISBN 978-0-19-851747-4.</p>
</div>

First (0000). "Title title". Journal. 10 (10): 00–00. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.03.037.

Second (0000). Title title. Location: Publisher. ISBN 978-0-19-851747-4.

Definition lists[edit]

  • the normal font-style span may not be necessary in some environments
<dl>
<dt><span style="font-style: normal">Definition lists</span></dt>
<dd>
  <p>First paragraph.</p>
  <p>Next paragraph.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
Definition lists

First paragraph.

Next paragraph.

HTML symbols[edit]

HTML symbol entities
Á á Â â ´ Æ æ À à ℵ Α α & ∧ ∠ Å å ≈ Ã ã Ä ä „ Β β ¦ • ∩ Ç ç ¸ ¢
Χ χ ˆ ♣ ≅ © ↵ ∪ ¤ † ‡ ↓ ⇓ ° Δ δ ♦ ÷ É é Ê ê È è ∅     Ε ε ≡ Η η
Ð ð Ë ë € ∃ ƒ ∀ ½ ¼ ¾ ⁄ Γ γ ≥ > ↔ ⇔ ♥ … Í í Î î ¡ Ì ì ℑ ∞ ∫ Ι ι
¿ ∈ Ï ï Κ κ Λ λ ⟨ « ← ⇐ ⌈ “ ≤ ⌊ ∗ ◊ ‎ ‹ ‘ < ¯ — µ · − Μ μ ∇   –
≠ ∋ ¬ ∉ ⊄ Ñ ñ Ν ν Ó ó Ô ô Œ œ Ò ò ‾ Ω ω Ο ο ⊕ ∨ ª º Ø ø Õ õ ⊗ Ö
ö ∂ ‰ ⊥ Φ φ Π π ϖ ± £ ′ ″ ∏ ∝ Ψ ψ " √ ⟩ » → ⇒ ⌉ ” ℜ ® ⌋ Ρ ρ ‏
› ’ ‚ Š š ⋅ § ­ Σ σ ς ∼ ♠ ⊂ ⊆ ∑ ⊃ ¹ ² ³ ⊇ ß Τ τ ∴ Θ θ ϑ   Þ þ ˜
× ™ Ú ú ↑ ⇑ Û û Ù ù ¨ ϒ Υ υ Ü ü ℘ Ξ ξ Ý ý ¥ ÿ Ÿ Ζ ζ ‍ ‌

CSS inline styles[edit]

CSS inline styles
Attribute Values Representative markup Example Note
Color
color
  • seagreen
 <span style="color: seagreen"> seagreen
background-color 
  • khaki
  • beige
  • gainsboro
 <span style="background-color: gainsboro"> gainsboro
Font
font-family
  • monospace
  • sans-serif
 <span style="font-family: sans-serif"> sans-serif
font-size
  • small
  • medium
  • large
  • smaller
  • larger
  • length
  • percentage
 <span style="font-size: 70%"> small
font-variant
  • normal
  • small-caps
 <span style="font-variant: small-caps"> Small Caps
font-weight
  • normal
  • bold
  • bolder
 <span style="font-weight: bold"> bold 1
Text
text-align
  • left
  • right
  • center
  • justify
 <span style="text-align: right"> align right
text-decoration
  • none
  • underline
  • line-through
 <span style = "text-decoration: underline"> underline
text-style
  • normal
  • italic
 <span style="text-style: italic"> italic
text-transform
  • none
  • capitalize
  • uppercase
  • lowercase 
 <span style="text-transform: uppercase"> abcdef
Other
letter-spacing
  • length
  • percentage
 <div style="letter-spacing: 0.5em">
spaced
word-spacing
  • length
  • percentage
 <div style="word-spacing: 0.7em">
spaced out
overflow
  • visible
  • scroll
  • auto
 <div style="overflow: auto">
overflow
2
white-space
  • normal
  • nowrap
  • pre
 <span style="white-space: nowrap"> no wrap
width
  • auto
  • length
  • percentage
 <div style="width: 50%">
  1. font-weight can be set to 1em
  2. see here for details, does not work with <syntaxhighlight>
  3. common length units:   px  · mm  · em

Code template[edit]

  • Template:Code — among other uses, shows emitted HTML for enclosed templates


The underlying citation produces:

"Some title".

The executed code produces:

'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-0000022B-QINU`"'<cite class="citation news cs1">[http://example.org "Some title"].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Some+title&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexample.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUser%3ARobbieIanMorrison%2Fsandbox%2Fmarkup" class="Z3988"></span>

The above output is URL-decoded and reformatted for clarity: 

<cite class="citation news">
  [http://example.org "Some title"].
</cite>
<span
  title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004
    &rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:User:RobbieIanMorrison/sandbox/markup
    &rft.atitle=Some+title
    &rft.genre=article
    &rft_id=http://example.org
    &rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal"
  class="Z3988">
  <span style="display:none;">&nbsp;</span>
</span>

The raw code is: 

{{code|
{{cite news
 | title = Some title
 | url = http://example.org
}}
}}

Table of contents[edit]


  • __FORCETOC__ — forces TOC to appear in its normal position
  • __TOC__ — forces TOC to appear where stated
  • __NOTOC__ — suppresses TOC

Timestamps[edit]

Wikimedia Commons notes: Due to MediaWiki and browser caching, these (uppercase) variables frequently show when the page was cached rather than the current time.

Static (frozen on first save)

  • 08:20, 30 September 2016 (UTC) — ~~~~~ (5 tildes)

Dynamic (may or may not update on page load or refresh, thus should be considered unreliable as a clock)

  • The current date and time is 12 May 2024 T 17:55 UTC. — {{now}}
  • 17:55, Sunday, May 12, 2024 (UTC) — {{currentdate}}
Sunday 12 May 2024 17:55 UTC
This was the UTC time when this page was last refreshed by Wikipedia 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:0.5em auto"
| '''{{CURRENTDAYNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}} {{CURRENTTIME}} UTC'''
|-
| {{small|This was the UTC time when this page was last refreshed by Wikipedia}}
|}

URL encodings[edit]


Reserved characters after percent-encoding
! # $ & ' ( ) * + , / : ; = ? @ [ ]
%21 %23 %24 %26 %27 %28 %29 %2A %2B %2C %2F %3A %3B %3D %3F %40 %5B %5D


Common characters after percent-encoding (ASCII or UTF-8 based)
newline space " % - . < > \ ^ _ ` { | } ~
%0A or %0D or %0D%0A %20 %22 %25 %2D %2E %3C %3E %5C %5E %5F %60 %7B %7C %7D %7E

Markup hacks[edit]

  • small vertical space: {{nbsp}}

Infobox templates[edit]

Infobox organization[edit]

{{Infobox organization
| name                = <!-- defaults to {{PAGENAME}} if not provided -->
| native_name         = <!-- organization's name in its local language -->
| native_name_lang    = <!-- ISO code of the above language -->
| named_after         = 
| image               = 
| image_size          = 
| alt                 = <!-- see [[WP:ALT]] -->
| caption             = 
| logo                = 
| logo_size           = 
| logo_alt            = 
| logo_caption        = 
| map                 = <!-- map image -->
| map_size            = <!-- defaults to 250px -->
| map_alt             = 
| map_caption         = 
| map2                = <!-- second map image, if required -->
| map2_size           = 
| map2_alt            = 
| map2_caption        = 
| abbreviation        = 
| motto               = 
| predecessor         = 
| merged              = <!-- any other organizations with which the organization was merged -->
| successor           = 
| formation           = <!-- or | established = --> <!--can use {{start date and age|df=yes|paren=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| founder             = <!-- or | founders = -->
| founding_location   = 
| extinction          = <!-- or: | dissolved = --> <!--can use {{end date and age|df=yes|paren=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| merger              = <!-- other organizations (if any) merged to constitute the organization -->
| type                = <!-- can use [[Governmental organization]], [[Non-governmental organization|NGO]], etc -->
| status              = <!-- organization's legal status and/or description: company, charity, foundation, etc -->
| purpose             = <!-- or | focus = --> <!--Humanitarian, Activism, Peacekeeping, etc -->
| professional_title  = <!-- for professional associations -->
| headquarters        = 
| location            = 
| coords              = <!-- location's {{coord}}s -->
| region              = <!-- or | region_served = --> <!--any particular region or regions associated with or served by the organization -->
| services            = 
| membership          = <!-- usually the number of members -->
| membership_year     = <!-- year to which membership number/data apply -->
| language            = <!-- or | languages = --> <!--any official language or languages used by the organization -->
| sec_gen             = <!-- name of the organization's Secretary General (if post exists) -->
| leader_title        = <!-- defaults to "Leader" -->
| leader_name         = 
| leader_title2       = 
| leader_name2        = 
| leader_title3       = 
| leader_name3        = 
| leader_title4       = 
| leader_name4        = 
| board_of_directors  = 
| key_people          = 
| main_organ          = <!-- or | publication = --> <!-- organization's principal body (assembly, committee, board, etc) or publication -->
| parent_organization = <!-- or | parent_organisation = -->
| subsidiaries        = 
| secessions          = 
| affiliations        = 
| budget              = 
| budget_year         = 
| staff               = <!-- numbers and/or types of staff -->
| staff_year          = <!-- year to which staff numbers/data apply -->
| volunteers          = <!-- numbers and/or types of volunteers -->
| volunteers_year     = <!-- year to which volunteer numbers/data apply -->
| slogan              = <!-- in quote marks/inverted commas -->
| website             = <!-- {{url|example.com}} -->
| remarks             = 
| formerly            = <!-- any former names by which the organization known -->
| footnotes           = 
}}

Infobox person[edit]

{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix   = 
| name               = <!-- include middle initial, if not specified in birth_name -->
| honorific_suffix   = 
| image              = <!-- filename only and no "File:" or "Image:" prefix and no enclosing [[brackets]] -->
| image_upright      = 
| image_size         = <!-- DISCOURAGED per [[WP:IMGSIZE]], use image_upright -->
| alt                = 
| caption            = 
| native_name        = 
| native_name_lang   = 
| pronunciation      = 
| birth_name         = <!-- only use if different from name above -->
| birth_date         = <!-- {{birth date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people supply only the year unless the exact date is already widely published, as per [[WP:DOB]] / for people who have died, use {{birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| birth_place        = 
| baptised           = <!-- will not display if birth_date is entered -->
| disappeared_date   = <!-- {{disappeared date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} disappeared date then birth date -->
| disappeared_place  = 
| disappeared_status = 
| death_date         = <!-- {{death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} death date then birth date -->
| death_place        = 
| death_cause        = 
| body_discovered    = 
| resting_place      = 
| resting_place_coordinates =  <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} -->
| burial_place       = <!-- may be used instead of resting_place and resting_place_coordinates, displays "Burial place" as label -->
| burial_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} -->
| monuments          = 
| residence          = 
| nationality        = 
| other_names        = 
| ethnicity          = 
| citizenship        = 
| education          = 
| alma_mater         = 
| occupation         = 
| years_active       = 
| era                = 
| employer           = 
| organization       = 
| agent              = <!-- discouraged in most cases, specifically when promotional, and requiring a reliable source -->
| known_for          = 
| notable_works      = <!-- produces label "Notable work", may be overridden by |credits= which produces label "Notable credit(s)", or by |works= which produces label "Works" -->
| style              = 
| home_town          = 
| salary             = 
| net_worth          = <!-- net worth should be supported with a citation from a reliable source -->
| height             = <!-- "X cm", "X m"  or "X ft Y in" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) -->
| weight             = <!-- "X kg", "X lb" or "X st Y lb" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) -->
| television         = 
| title              = 
| term               = 
| predecessor        = 
| successor          = 
| party              = 
| movement           = 
| opponents          = 
| boards             = 
| religion           = <!-- religion should be supported with a citation from a reliable source, do not add a religious denomination here -->
| denomination       = <!-- denomination should be supported with a citation from a reliable source -->
| criminal_charge    = <!-- criminality parameters should be supported with citations from reliable sources -->
| criminal_penalty   = 
| criminal_status    = 
| spouse             = <!-- use article title or common name -->
| partner            = <!-- unmarried long-term partner -->
| children           = 
| parents            = <!-- overrides mother and father parameters -->
| mother             = <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter, displays "Parent(s)" as label -->
| father             = <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter, displays "Parent(s)" as label -->
| relatives          = 
| family             = 
| callsign           = 
| awards             = 
| website            = <!-- {{url|example.com}} -->
| module             = 
| module2            = 
| module3            = 
| module4            = 
| module5            = 
| module6            = 
| signature          = 
| signature_size     = 
| signature_alt      = 
| footnotes          = 
}}

Infobox scientist[edit]

{{Infobox scientist
| honorific_prefix          = 
| name                      = 
| honorific_suffix          = 
| native_name               = 
| native_name_lang          = 
| image                     = <!-- filename only and without "File:" prefix -->
| image_size                = 
| alt                       = <!-- see [[WP:ALT]] -->
| caption                   = 
| birth_date                = <!-- {{birth date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| birth_place               = 
| death_date                = <!-- {{death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} death date then birth date -->
| death_place               = 
| death_cause               = 
| resting_place             = 
| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} -->
| other_names               = 
| residence                 = 
| citizenship               = 
| nationality               = 
| fields                    = 
| workplaces                = 
| patrons                   = 
| education                 = 
| alma_mater                = 
| thesis_title              = <!-- or | thesis1_title = and | thesis2_title = -->
| thesis_url                = <!-- or | thesis1_url = and | thesis2_url = -->
| thesis_year               = <!-- or | thesis1_year = and | thesis2_year = -->
| doctoral_advisor          = <!-- or | doctoral_advisors = -->
| academic_advisors         = 
| doctoral_students         = 
| notable_students          = 
| known_for                 = {{plainlist|
* To fix
}}
| influences                = 
| influenced                = 
| awards                    = 
| author_abbrev_bot         = 
| author_abbrev_zoo         = 
| spouse                    = <!-- or | spouses = -->
| partner                   = <!-- or | partners = -->
| children                  = 
| signature                 = <!-- filename only -->
| signature_alt             = 
| website                   = <!-- {{url|www.example.com}} -->
| footnotes                 = 
}}

Infobox software[edit]

{{infobox software
| name                   = 
| logo                   = <!-- image name is sufficient -->
| logo alt               = 
| logo caption           = 
| screenshot             = <!-- image name is sufficient -->
| screenshot alt         = 
| caption                = 
| collapsible            = <!-- any text here will collapse the screenshot -->
| author                 = 
| developer              = 
| released               = <!-- {{release date|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| discontinued           = <!-- set to yes if software is discontinued, otherwise omit -->
| ver layout             = <!-- simple (default) or stacked -->
| latest release version =
| latest release date    = <!-- {{release date|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| latest preview version =
| latest preview date    = <!-- {{release date|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| status                 = 
| programming language   = 
| operating system       = 
| platform               = 
| size                   = 
| language               = 
| language count         = <!-- number only -->
| language footnote      = 
| genre                  = 
| license                = 
| alexa                  = 
| website                = <!-- {{url|example.org}} -->
| repo                   = <!-- {{url|example.org}} -->
| standard               = 
| AsOf                   = 
}}

Cite templates[edit]

 | date = c. 2000                <!-- circa -->
 | date = n.d.                   <!-- undated -->
 | display-authors = etal
 | url-access = subscription
 | language = German, English    <!-- dual language -->
 | df = dmy                      <!-- set publication dates to day month year format: access- and archive-dates are not modified -->
 | df = dmy-all                  <!-- set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format -->

Cite book[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite book
 | last1 =  | first1 = 
 | author-link1 = 
 | display-authors = <!-- etal -->
 | title = 
 | trans-title = 
 | language = German
 | edition =         <!-- 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th -->
 | date = 
 | publisher = 
 | location = 
 | format =          <!-- DOC, DOCX, XLS, XLSX -->
 | asin = 
 | bibcode = 
 | doi = 
 | isbn = 
 | url = 
 | dead-url = 
 | access-date = 
 | quote = 
}}
</ref>

Cite chapter[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite book
 | last1 =  | first1 = 
 | author-link1 = 
 | display-authors = <!-- etal -->
 | editor-last1 =  | editor-first1 = 
 | editor-link1 = 
 | display-editors = <!-- etal -->
 | title = 
 | trans-title = 
 | language = German
 | date = 
 | chapter =         <!-- Chapter 0: Title -->
 | pages =           <!-- only for chapters -->
 | publisher = 
 | location = 
 | asin = 
 | bibcode = 
 | doi = 
 | isbn = 
 | url = 
 | chapter-url = 
 | dead-url = 
 | access-date = 
 | quote = 
}}
</ref>

Cite conference[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite conference
 | last1 =  | first1 = 
 | author-link1 = 
 | title = 
 | date = 
 | conference = 
 | conference-url = 
 | editor = 
 | others = 
 | volume = 
 | edition = 
 | book-title = 
 | publisher = 
 | location = 
 | pages = 
 | archive-url = 
 | archive-date = 
 | format = 
 | id = 
 | isbn = 
 | bibcode = 
 | oclc = 
 | doi = 
 | quote = 
 | ref = 
 | postscript = 
 | trans-title = 
 | language = German
 | at = 
 | url = 
 | access-date = 
}}
</ref>

Cite journal[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite journal
 | last1 =  | first1 = 
 | author-link1 = 
 | title = 
 | date = 
 | journal = 
 | publisher =       <!-- not often used -->
 | volume = 
 | issue = 
 | pages = 
 | bibcode = 
 | arxiv = 
 | doi = 
 | issn = 
 | url = 
 | access-date = 
}}
</ref>

Cite arXiv[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite arxiv
 | last1 =  | first1 = 
 | title = 
 | date =            <!-- use n.d. for no date and c. for inexact date -->
 | arxiv =           <!-- arXiv identifier which may include version number / 0000.0000[v0] -->
 | class =           <!-- optional post-2017 arXiv classification like 'hep-th' or field.subfield -->
}}
</ref>

Cite news[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite news
 | last =  | first = 
 | title = 
 | date = 
 | work = 
 | location = 
 | url = 
 | access-date = 
}}
</ref>

Cite web[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite web
 | last =  | first = 
 | title = 
 | date = 
 | work = 
 | publisher =       <!-- if differs from website -->
 | location = 
 | url = 
 | access-date = 
}}
</ref>

Cite AV media[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite AV media
 | last =  | first =    <!-- nonstandard field -->
 | people = 
 | title = 
 | trans-title = 
 | language = 
 | date = 
 | orig-year =          <!-- first published 0000 -->
 | publisher = 
 | location = 
 | url = 
 | access-date = 
 | type =               <!-- motion picture, television production, videotape, DVD, trailer, video game, CD, radio broadcast, podcast -->
 | format =             <!-- MP4, MKS -->
 | time =               <!-- time the event occurs in the source, preceded by default text "Event occurs at time" -->
}}
</ref>

Cite press release[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite press release
 | last =  | first = 
 | title = 
 | date = 
 | publisher = 
 | location = 
 | agency = 
 | url = 
 | access-date = 
}}
</ref>

<ref name="">
{{cite press release
 | author =          <!-- staff writer, no by-line -->
 | title = 
 | date = 
 | publisher = 
 | location = 
 | agency = 
 | url = 
 | access-date = 
}}
</ref>

Cite thesis[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite thesis
 | last =  | first = 
 | title = 
 | trans-title = 
 | language = German
 | type =            <!-- PhD, MSc, default is Thesis -->
 | date = 
 | chapter = 
 | publisher =       <!-- publishing house, else university name -->
 | location = 
 | doi = 
 | oclc = 
 | isbn = 
 | url = 
 | access-date = 
 | quote = 
}}
</ref>

Cite newsgroup[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite newsgroup
 | first =  | last = 
 | title = 
 | date = 
 | newsgroup = 
 | message-id =      <!-- from email header, omit < and > and must contain an @ -->
 | url = 
 | access-date = 
 | quote = 
}}
</ref>

Cite mailing list[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite mailing list
 | last =  | first = 
 | title = 
 | date = 
 | mailing-list = 
 | url = 
 | access-date = 
 | quote = 
}}
</ref>

Cite court[edit]

<ref name="">
{{cite court
 | litigants =
 | vol =
 | reporter =
 | opinion =
 | pinpoint =
 | court =
 | date =
 | url =
 | access-date =
 | quote =
}}
</ref>

Buch[edit]

{{Literatur | Autor = | Titel = | Auflage = | Verlag = | Ort = | Jahr = | ISBN = }}

Zeitschriftenaufsatz[edit]

{{Literatur | Autor = | Titel = | Sammelwerk = | Band = | Nummer = | Jahr = | Seiten = | DOI = }}

Article requests[edit]

Article request from ''Journal'' — a Publisher journal

Item being requested:

* {{cite journal
...
}}

The following articles are being improved:

* [[Energy modeling]]
* [[Draft:Open energy system models]]

Many thanks in advance.  ~~~~
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