User:Psychstudent20/Growling
 | This is the sandbox page where you will draft your initial Wikipedia contribution.
If you're starting a new article, you can develop it here until it's ready to go live. If you're working on improvements to an existing article, copy only one section at a time of the article to this sandbox to work on, and be sure to use an edit summary linking to the article you copied from. Do not copy over the entire article. You can find additional instructions here. Remember to save your work regularly using the "Publish page" button. (It just means 'save'; it will still be in the sandbox.) You can add bold formatting to your additions to differentiate them from existing content. |
functions of aggressive growling[edit]
There is an evolutionary aspect to growling as well, with crustaceans evolving over the years in various aspects. The ghost crabs use their gastric mill, which is composed of lateral and medial teeth, to imitate the sound of growling.[1] The growling is used while the ghost crab takes an aggressive stance, which is followed by lunging, they also use their claws to produce a similar sound that is instead used in courtship.[1]
Although horses have been raised as farm animals for many centuries now, they still retain their instinctual responses to predators with, farm raised houses were found to still have anti-predation reactions like being alert to growls of leopards from their original ancestral home.[2]
There is an environmental aspect to feline aggression with household cats that were in environments that were agonist with their owners, were more likely to have aggressive behavior like growling towards their owners.[3]
Growling in Canines[edit]
Weight in household dogs is something that fluctuates between owners and has effects on their aggressive behavior with, overweight dogs were more likely to be growling when around strangers or other dogs when compared to non-overweight dogs.[4] Overweight dogs would also be more protective over their own food and more willing to steal food then non-overweight dogs, by using aggressive growling.[4]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Taylor, Jennifer R. A.; deVries, Maya S.; Elias, Damian O. (2019-09-11). "Growling from the gut: co-option of the gastric mill for acoustic communication in ghost crabs". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 286 (1910): 20191161. doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.1161. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 6742986. PMID 31506058.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Janczarek, Iwona; Wiśniewska, Anna; Chruszczewski, Michael H.; Tkaczyk, Ewelina; Górecka-Bruzda, Aleksandra (2020-12-08). "Social Behaviour of Horses in Response to Vocalisations of Predators". Animals. 10 (12): 2331. doi:10.3390/ani10122331. ISSN 2076-2615. PMC 7764477. PMID 33302443.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Roberts, Claire; Gruffydd‐Jones, Tim; Williams, Jessica L; Murray, Jane K (2020-07). "Influence of living in a multicat household on health and behaviour in a cohort of cats from the United Kingdom". Veterinary Record. 187 (1): 27–27. doi:10.1136/vr.104801. ISSN 0042-4900.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b German, Alexander J.; Blackwell, Emily; Evans, Mark; Westgarth, Carri (2017). "Overweight dogs are more likely to display undesirable behaviours: results of a large online survey of dog owners in the UK". Journal of Nutritional Science. 6: e14. doi:10.1017/jns.2017.5. ISSN 2048-6790. PMC 5468744. PMID 28630691.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)