User:ComplexRational/Isotopes

This is not a Wikipedia article: It is an individual user's work-in-progress page, and may be incomplete and/or unreliable.

Main isotopes of elements[edit]

Being discussed at WT:ELEMENTS, January 2023

Primordial (286): 251 stable + 35 long-lived
Cosmogenic & some decay products
Medically useful, radiotracer, industrial applications
Nuclear fuel & fission products
Verified extinct or otherwise geologically interesting
(synthetic) 2–3 longest lived (if not covered by other criteria)
(synthetic) Most commonly produced
IAR: other interesting long-lived or historically studied nuclide

Will do slight reorganization and adjustments to criteria.

An isotope might meet several criteria, though each is only listed under one below. Potentially useful lists: [1] [2]

Did not include unconfirmed isotopes of SHEs.

~~All isomers labeled m are m1 unless otherwise indicated, as reflected in scientific publications.~~

Isomers to be identified by massnumber id ⟨^{m1, m2, m3, m4}⟩. Must correspond with NUBASE2020 ⟨^{m, n, p, q}⟩ identifiers 1:1.

ComplexRational please confirm that m-isotopes are m1-isotopes, by editing into such. (IOW, "m" is not acceptable as identification). -DePiep (talk) 08:06, 20 January 2023 (UTC)

Element	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	IAR
H	1, 2	3
He	3, 4
Li	6, 7
Be	9	7, 10						8^[A]
B	10, 11							8^[B]
C	12, 13	14	11
N	14, 15		13
O	16, 17, 18		15
F	19		18
Ne	20, 21, 22
Na	23		22, 24
Mg	24, 25, 26		28
Al	27	26
Si	28, 29, 30	32	31
P	31		32, 33					30^[C]
S	32, 33, 34, 36	35
Cl	35, 37	36
Ar	36, 38, 40	37, 39, 42
K	39, 40, 41		38, 42
Ca	40, 42, 43, 44, 46, 48	41	45, 47
Sc	45		44, 46
Ti	46, 47, 48, 49, 50	44^[D]
V	50, 51	49						48^[B]
Cr	50, 52, 53, 54		51					48^[B]
Mn	55	53, 54	51, 52,^[D] 52m^[D]
Fe	54, 56, 57, 58	55	52^[D]		60
Co	59		57, 60					56,^[B] 58^[E]
Ni	58, 60, 61, 62, 64	59	63					56, 57^[B]
Cu	63, 65		60, 61, 62, 64, 67
Zn	64, 66, 67, 68, 70		62,^[F] 65
Ga	69, 71		67, 68
Ge	70, 72, 73, 74, 76		68
As	75		72, 73, 74, 76, 77^[G]
Se	74, 76, 77, 78, 80, 82		72,^[F] 75	79
Br	79, 81		75, 76, 77, 80m, 82
Kr	78, 80, 82, 83, 84, 86	81	81m	85
Rb	85, 87		81,^[F] 82, 86
Sr	84, 86, 87, 88		82,^[F] 85, 89	90
Y	89		86, 90, 91					88^[H]
Zr	90, 91, 92, 94, 96		89, 95	93				88^[I]
Nb	93			93m, 94, 95	92			91^[J]
Mo	92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 100		99^[F]		93
Tc			99m	99		97, 98
Ru	96, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 104		103, 105, 106
Rh	103	101	105, 106
Pd	102, 104, 105, 106, 108, 110		103, 109	107
Ag	107, 109		108m, 110m^[K]	111
Cd	106, 108, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 116		109	113m
In	113, 115		111, 113m, 114m
Sn	112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 122, 124		113, 117m	121m, 126
Sb	121, 123		124, 125
Te	120, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 130		129m, 132
I	127	129	123, 124, 125	131, 135
Xe	124, 126, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 134, 136		127, 133	135
Cs	133		131	134, 135, 136, 137
Ba	130, 132, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138		133	137m, 140
La	138, 139			140				137^[J]
Ce	136, 138, 140, 142		139, 141, 144
Pr	141		140, 142, 143
Nd	142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 150			147
Pm				147, 149		145, 146
Sm	144, 147, 148, 149, 150, 152, 154		153	151	146
Eu	151, 153		152^[L]	154, 155				150^[H]
Gd	152, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160		148,^[M] 153		150
Tb	159		149, 161					157, 158^[H]
Dy	156, 158, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164		165		154
Ho	165		166					163, 166m^[N]
Er	162, 164, 166, 167, 168, 170		165, 169, 171
Tm	169		167, 170					171^[H]
Yb	168, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176		169
Lu	175, 176		172, 177, 177m^[O]					173, 174^[H]
Hf	174, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180		172, 178m2		182
Ta	180m, 181		178, 182, 183					179,^[H] 180^[P]
W	180, 182, 183, 184, 186		188
Re	185, 187		186, 188					186m^[Q]
Os	184, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 192							194^[H]
Ir	191, 193		192, 192m2
Pt	190, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198		195m					193^[H]
Au	197		198, 199					195^[H]
Hg	196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 204	206	197, 203					194^[H]
Tl	203, 205	206, 207, 208	201, 202, 204
Pb	204, 206, 207, 208	209, 210, 211, 212, 214			205			202^[R]
Bi	209	210, 211, 212, 214	207, 213					208,^[H] 210m^[Q]
Po		210, 211, 212, 214, 215, 216, 218				208, 209
At		219	211			209, 210
Rn		219, 220, 222	211^[F]
Fr		221, 223					210, 211, 212	222^[S]
Ra		223, 224, 225, 226, 228
Ac		227, 228	225, 226^[T]
Th	232	228, 229, 230, 231, 234		233^[U]				229m^[V]
Pa		231, 234, 234m	230^[F]	233^[U]
U	235, 238	234	230	232, 233, 236, 237,^[W] 239^[W]
Np			237	238,^[W] 239^[W]		236
Pu			238, 239	240, 241, 242	244
Am			241	242, 243				242m^[Q]
Cm				242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 248	247			250^[X]
Bk				249		247, 248
Cf			252	249, 250, 251, 253, 254
Es						252	253, 254, 255
Fm						253, 255, 257	252, 254, 256
Md						258, 260	256
No						259	255, 253
Lr						261, 262, 264, 266	256, 260
Rf						263, 265, 267	261, 261m
Db						267, 268, 270	262
Sg						267, 269, 271	265, 265m
Bh						270, 274	267
Hs						269, 270, 271
Mt						274, 276, 278
Ds						279, 281
Rg						280, 281, 282
Cn						283, 285
Nh						284, 285, 286
Fl						287, 288, 289
Mc						288, 289, 290
Lv						291, 292, 293
Ts^[Y]						293, 294
Og^[Y]						294

^ Extremely short-lived, but a key part of the triple alpha process
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Occurs in alpha process and supernovae
^ One of the first synthetic radioisotopes to be discovered
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Also occurs in alpha process and supernovae
^ Listed as commonly used and included for continuity
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Medicinal radioisotope generator
^ ⁷²As and ⁷⁷As evaluated for medical use but not in widespread use; the other three have been used as tracers
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Most stable radioisotope(s)
^ Neutron poison
^ ^a ^b Relatively long-lived, relevant in the p-process
^ Long-lived isomers, some industrial interest
^ Gamma-ray spectroscopy
^ Potentially interesting for radioisotope thermoelectric generators
^ Longest-lived radioisotopes by several orders of magnitude; some interest discussed
^ The longer-lived excited state has some interest in generators (and as an impurity)
^ Short-lived ground state of primordial isomer
^ ^a ^b ^c Long-lived isomer
^ Also of some interest to geologists
^ Only other isotope with a half-life over 1 minute
^ ²²⁶Ac subject to preliminary evaluation but not in widespread use
^ ^a ^b Part of the thorium fuel cycle
^ Remarkably low-lying isomer
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Intermediate step in production of plutonium
^ Also long-lived, but comparatively difficult to synthesize
^ ^a ^b All isotopes included (because ≤3 are known)

Beta-stable isotopes of superheavy elements[edit]

All beta-stable nuclei with A ≤ 340 (KTUY)^[1]^[2]
...
²⁵⁷Fm (α)	²⁵⁸Cf (SF) → ²⁵⁸Fm (SF) ← ²⁵⁸No (SF)	²⁵⁹Md (SF)	²⁶⁰Fm (SF) → ²⁶⁰No (SF)	²⁶¹Md (α)	²⁶²Fm (SF) → ²⁶²No (SF)	²⁶³No (α)	²⁶⁴No (SF) ← ²⁶⁴Rf (SF)
²⁶⁵No (SF)	²⁶⁶No (SF) ← ²⁶⁶Rf (SF)	²⁶⁷Lr (SF)	²⁶⁸No (SF) → ²⁶⁸Rf (SF)	²⁶⁹Rf (SF)	²⁷⁰Rf (SF) ← ²⁷⁰Sg (SF)	²⁷¹Rf (SF)	²⁷²Rf (SF) ← ²⁷²Sg (SF)
²⁷³Db (SF)	²⁷⁴Rf (SF) → ²⁷⁴Sg (SF) ← ²⁷⁴Hs (SF)	²⁷⁵Sg (SF)	²⁷⁶Rf (SF) → ²⁷⁶Sg (SF) ← ²⁷⁶Hs (SF)	²⁷⁷Sg (SF)	²⁷⁸Rf (SF) → ²⁷⁸Sg (SF) ← ²⁷⁸Hs (SF)	²⁷⁹Bh (SF)	²⁸⁰Sg (SF) → ²⁸⁰Hs (SF)
²⁸¹Hs (SF)	²⁸²Sg (SF) → ²⁸²Hs (SF) ← ²⁸²Ds (SF)	²⁸³Hs (SF)	²⁸⁴Hs (SF) ← ²⁸⁴Ds (SF)	²⁸⁵Mt (α)	²⁸⁶Hs (SF) → ²⁸⁶Ds (SF)	²⁸⁷Ds (α)	²⁸⁸Hs (SF) → ²⁸⁸Ds (SF) ← ²⁸⁸Cn (α)
²⁸⁹Ds (α)	²⁹⁰Ds (α) ← ²⁹⁰Cn (α)	²⁹¹Rg (α)	²⁹²Ds (α) → ²⁹²Cn (α) ← ²⁹²Fl (α)	²⁹³Cn (α)	²⁹⁴Ds (α) → ²⁹⁴Cn (α) ← ²⁹⁴Fl (α)	²⁹⁵Nh (α)	²⁹⁶Cn (α) → ²⁹⁶Fl (α)
²⁹⁷Nh (α)	²⁹⁸Fl (α)	²⁹⁹Fl (α)	³⁰⁰Fl (α) ← ³⁰⁰Lv (α)	³⁰¹Mc (α)	³⁰²Fl (α) → ³⁰²Lv (α) ← ³⁰²Og (α)	³⁰³Lv (α)	³⁰⁴Fl (SF) → ³⁰⁴Lv (α) ← ³⁰⁴Og (α)
³⁰⁵Lv (α)	³⁰⁶Fl (SF) → ³⁰⁶Lv (SF) ← ³⁰⁶Og (α)	³⁰⁷Ts (α)	³⁰⁸Fl (SF) → ³⁰⁸Lv (SF) ← ³⁰⁸Og (SF)	³⁰⁹Ts (SF)	³¹⁰Lv (SF) → ³¹⁰Og (SF)	³¹¹Og (SF)	³¹²Lv (SF) → ³¹²Og (SF)
³¹³Og (SF)	³¹⁴Lv (SF) → ³¹⁴Og (SF) ← ³¹⁴120 (SF)	³¹⁵Og (SF)	³¹⁶Og (SF) ← ³¹⁶120 (SF)	³¹⁷119 (SF)	³¹⁸Og (SF) → ³¹⁸120 (SF)	³¹⁹120 (SF)	³²⁰Og (SF) → ³²⁰120 (SF) ← ³²⁰122 (SF)
³²¹120 (SF)	³²²120 (SF) ← ³²²122 (SF)	³²³121 (SF)	³²⁴120 (SF) → ³²⁴122 (SF)	³²⁵122 (SF)	³²⁶120 (SF) → ³²⁶122 (SF)	³²⁷122 (SF)	³²⁸122 (SF) ← ³²⁸124 (SF)
³²⁹123 (SF)	³³⁰122 (SF) → ³³⁰124 (SF)	³³¹124 (SF)	³³²122 (SF) → ³³²124 (SF)	³³³124 (SF)	³³⁴124 (SF)	³³⁵125 (SF)	³³⁶124 (SF) → ³³⁶126 (SF)
³³⁷126 (SF)	³³⁸124 (SF) → ³³⁸126 (SF) ← ³³⁸128 (SF)	³³⁹126 (SF)	³⁴⁰124 (SF) → ³⁴⁰126 (SF) ← ³⁴⁰128 (SF)	³⁴¹127 (SF)	³⁴²126 (SF)	³⁴³126 (SF)	³⁴⁴126 (SF) ← ³⁴⁴130 (SF)
³⁴⁵127 (SF)	³⁴⁶126 (SF) ← ³⁴⁶130 (SF)	³⁴⁷126 (SF) → ³⁴⁷128 (SF)	³⁴⁸127 (SF) ← ³⁴⁸130 (SF)	³⁴⁹126 (SF) → ³⁴⁹128 (SF)	³⁵⁰126 (SF) → ³⁵⁰128 (SF) ← ³⁵⁰130 (SF)	³⁵¹127 (SF)	³⁵²126 → ³⁵²128 (SF) ← ³⁵²130 (SF) ← ³⁵²132 (SF)
³⁵³128 (SF)	³⁵⁴126 → ³⁵⁴128 (SF) ← ³⁵⁴130 (SF) ← ³⁵⁴132 (SF)	³⁵⁵129 (SF)	³⁵⁶128 → ³⁵⁶130 (SF) ← ³⁵⁶132 (SF)	³⁵⁷130 (SF)	³⁵⁸130 (SF) ← ³⁵⁸132 (SF)	³⁵⁹131 (SF)	³⁶⁰130 (SF) → ³⁶⁰132 (SF)
³⁶¹132 (SF)	³⁶²130 (SF) → ³⁶²132 (SF) ← ³⁶²134 (SF)	³⁶³133 (SF)	³⁶⁴132 (SF) → ³⁶⁴134 (SF) ← ³⁶⁴136 (SF)	³⁶⁵134 (SF)	³⁶⁶132 (SF) → ³⁶⁶134 (SF) ← ³⁶⁶136 (SF)	³⁶⁷134 (SF)	³⁶⁸132 (SF) → ³⁶⁸134 (SF)
³⁶⁹135 (SF)	³⁷⁰134 (SF) → ³⁷⁰136 (SF) ← ³⁷⁰138 (SF)	³⁷¹136 (SF)	³⁷²134 (SF) → ³⁷²136 (SF)	³⁷³136 (SF)	³⁷⁴134 (SF) → ³⁷⁴136 (SF)	³⁷⁵136 (SF)	³⁷⁶136 (SF) ← ³⁷⁶138 (SF) ← ³⁷⁶140 (SF)
³⁷⁷137 (SF)	³⁷⁸136 → ³⁷⁸138 (SF)	³⁷⁹138	³⁸⁰136 → ³⁸⁰138 ← ³⁸⁰140 (SF)	³⁸¹138	³⁸²138 ← ³⁸²140	³⁸³139	³⁸⁴138 → ³⁸⁴140
³⁸⁵140	³⁸⁶138, ³⁸⁶140	³⁸⁷140	³⁸⁸138, ³⁸⁸140	³⁸⁹141	³⁹⁰140, ³⁹⁰142	³⁹¹142	³⁹²140, ³⁹²142, ³⁹²145
³⁹³142, ³⁹³145	³⁹⁴140, ³⁹⁴142, ³⁹²146	³⁹⁵143, ³⁹⁵145	³⁹⁶142, ³⁹⁶146	³⁹⁷145	³⁹⁸142, ³⁹⁸144, ³⁹⁸146, ³⁹⁸148	³⁹⁹144, ³⁹⁹147	⁴⁰⁰144, ⁴⁰⁰146
⁴⁰¹146, ⁴⁰¹148	⁴⁰²146, ⁴⁰²148	⁴⁰³147	⁴⁰⁴148	...
...			⁴¹²146, ⁴¹²148 ?		⁴¹⁴146, ⁴¹⁴148 ?	⁴¹⁵148	⁴¹⁶146, ⁴¹⁶148 ?
⁴¹⁷149	⁴¹⁸148, ⁴¹⁸150 ?	⁴¹⁹150	⁴²⁰148, ⁴²⁰150	⁴²¹150	⁴²²148, ⁴²²150, ⁴²²152	⁴²³151	⁴²⁴150 (α), ⁴²⁴152
⁴²⁵152	⁴²⁶150 (α), ⁴²⁶152, ⁴²⁶154	⁴²⁷152	⁴²⁸150 (α), ⁴²⁸152 (α), ⁴²⁸154	⁴²⁹152 (α)	⁴³⁰150 (α), ⁴³⁰152 (α), ⁴³⁰154	⁴³¹153 (α)	⁴³²152 (α), ⁴³²154 (α)
⁴³³154 (α)	⁴³⁴152 (α), ⁴³⁴154 (α), ⁴³⁴156	⁴³⁵154 (α)	⁴³⁶152 (α), ⁴³⁶154 (α), ⁴³⁶156	⁴³⁷155 (α)	⁴³⁸154 (α), ⁴³⁸156 (α)	⁴³⁹156 (α)	⁴⁴⁰154 (α), ⁴⁴⁰156 (α), ⁴⁴⁰158
⁴⁴¹156 (α)	⁴⁴²154 (α), ⁴⁴²156 (α), ⁴⁴²158	⁴⁴³156 (α)	⁴⁴⁴156 (α), ⁴⁴⁴158	⁴⁴⁵156 (α)	⁴⁴⁶156 (α), ⁴⁴⁶158, ⁴⁴⁶160 (SF)	⁴⁴⁷158 (α)	⁴⁴⁸156 (α), ⁴⁴⁸158 (α), ⁴⁴⁸160
⁴⁴⁹158 (α)	⁴⁵⁰156 (α), ⁴⁵⁰158 (α), ⁴⁵⁰160	⁴⁵¹158 (α)	⁴⁵²158 (α), ⁴⁵²160 (α), ⁴⁵²162 (SF)	⁴⁵³158 (α)	⁴⁵⁴158 (α), ⁴⁵⁴160 (α), ⁴⁵⁴162	⁴⁵⁵160 (α)	⁴⁵⁶158 (α), ⁴⁵⁶160 (α), ⁴⁵⁶162
⁴⁵⁷160 (α)	⁴⁵⁸160 (α), ⁴⁵⁸162 (α)	⁴⁵⁹160 (α)	⁴⁶⁰160 (α), ⁴⁶⁰162 (α)	⁴⁶¹161 (α)	⁴⁶²160 (α), ⁴⁶²162 (α), ⁴⁶²164	⁴⁶³161 (α)	⁴⁶⁴160 (α), ⁴⁶⁴162 (α), ⁴⁶⁴164 (α)
⁴⁶⁵162 (α)	⁴⁶⁶160 (α), ⁴⁶⁶162 (α), ⁴⁶⁶164 (α)	⁴⁶⁷162 (α)	⁴⁶⁸162 (α), ⁴⁶⁸164 (α)	⁴⁶⁹163 (α)	⁴⁷⁰162 (α), ⁴⁷⁰164 (α)	⁴⁷¹164 (α)	⁴⁷²164 (α), ⁴⁷²166 (α)
⁴⁷³165 (α)	⁴⁷⁴164 (α), ⁴⁷⁴166 (α)	⁴⁷⁵166	⁴⁷⁶164 (α), ⁴⁷⁶166, ⁴⁷⁶168	⁴⁷⁷166 (SF)	⁴⁷⁸166 (SF), ⁴⁷⁸168 (SF), ⁴⁷⁸170 (SF)	⁴⁷⁹168 (SF)	⁴⁸⁰166 (SF), ⁴⁸⁰168 (SF), ⁴⁸⁰170 (SF)
⁴⁸¹168 (SF)	⁴⁸²166 (SF), ⁴⁸²168 (SF), ⁴⁸²170 (SF)	⁴⁸³168 (SF)	⁴⁸⁴168 (SF)		⁴⁸⁶172 (SF)	...
...							⁵⁰⁴172 ?, ⁵⁰⁴174 ?
	⁵⁰⁶174 ?	...

Isotopes of all elements (incomplete)[edit]

Isotope	Z	N	Half-life^[4]^[a]	Decay modes^[4]^[a]^[b]	Decay products^[c]	Spin^[4]^[a]^[d]	Notes^[4]^[e]
¹n	0	1	613.9(0.6) s	β^-	¹ H	1/2+
¹ H	1	0	Stable			1/2+	0.999885(70)
² H	1	1	Stable			1+	0.000115(70)
³ H	1	2	12.32(0.02) y	β^-	³ He	1/2+
³ He	2	1	Stable			1/2+	0.00000134(3)
³ Li	3	0		p	² He
⁴ H	1	3	139(10) ys	n	³ H	2-
⁴ He	2	2	Stable			0+	0.99999866(3)
⁴ Li	3	1	91(9) ys	p	³ He	2-
⁵ H	1	4	> 910 ys	2n	³ H	(1/2+)
⁵ He	2	3	700(30) ys	n	⁴ He	3/2-
⁵ Li	3	2	370(30) ys	p	⁴ He	3/2-
⁶ H	1	5	290(70) ys	3n	³ H	2-#
⁶ He	2	4	806.92(0.24) ms	β^-	⁶ Li	0+
⁶ Li	3	3	Stable			1+	0.0759(4)
⁶ Be	4	2	5.0(0.3) zs	2p	⁴ He	0+
⁷ H	1	6	500# ys	2n	⁵ H	1/2+#
⁷ He	2	5	2.51(0.07) zs	n	⁶ He	(3/2-)
⁷ Li	3	4	Stable			3/2-	0.9241(4)
⁷ Be	4	3	53.22(0.06) d	EC	⁷ Li	3/2-
⁷ B	5	2	570(14) ys	p	⁶ Be	(3/2-)

Nuclear isomers[edit]

Isotope	Z	N	Excitation Energy (keV)^[4]	Half-life^[4]^[a]	Decay modes^[4]^[a]^[b]	Decay products^[c]	Spin^[4]^[a]^[d]	Notes^[4]
^6m Li	3	3	3562.88(0.10)	56(14) as	IT	⁶ Li

Notes[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f #: Values not derived entirely from experimental data
^ ^a ^b α: Alpha decay
β⁺: Positron emission
EC: Electron capture
β^-: Beta decay
SF: Spontaneous fission
p: Proton emission
n: Neutron emission
IT: Isomeric transition
^ ^a ^b Bold: stable
Bold-italic: nearly stable
^ ^a ^b Parenthesized values are uncertain
^ Decimals indicate natural abundance

References[edit]

^ Koura, H. (2011). Decay modes and a limit of existence of nuclei in the superheavy mass region (PDF). 4th International Conference on the Chemistry and Physics of the Transactinide Elements. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
^ Koura, H.; Katakura, J; Tachibana, T; Minato, F (2015). "Chart of the Nuclides". Japan Atomic Energy Agency. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
^ Wang, M.; Audi, G.; Kondev, F.G.; Huang, W.J.; Naimi, S.; Xu, X. (2017). "The AME2016 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs, and references" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 41 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030003.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

[1] Extremely short-lived, but a key part of the triple alpha process

[sn-2] Occurs in alpha process and supernovae

[3] One of the first synthetic radioisotopes to be discovered

[sn2-4] Also occurs in alpha process and supernovae

[5] Listed as commonly used and included for continuity

[gen-6] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Medicinal radioisotope generator

[7] ⁷²As and ⁷⁷As evaluated for medical use but not in widespread use; the other three have been used as tracers

[ms-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Most stable radioisotope(s)

[9] Neutron poison

[p-10] Relatively long-lived, relevant in the p-process

[11] Long-lived isomers, some industrial interest

[12] Gamma-ray spectroscopy

[13] Potentially interesting for radioisotope thermoelectric generators

[14] Longest-lived radioisotopes by several orders of magnitude; some interest discussed

[15] The longer-lived excited state has some interest in generators (and as an impurity)

[16] Short-lived ground state of primordial isomer

[msi-17] Long-lived isomer

[18] Also of some interest to geologists

[19] Only other isotope with a half-life over 1 minute

[20] ²²⁶Ac subject to preliminary evaluation but not in widespread use

[th-21] Part of the thorium fuel cycle

[22] Remarkably low-lying isomer

[pu-23] Intermediate step in production of plutonium

[ex-24] Also long-lived, but comparatively difficult to synthesize

[all-25] All isotopes included (because ≤3 are known)

[p-30] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f #: Values not derived entirely from experimental data

[decay-31] α: Alpha decay
β⁺: Positron emission
EC: Electron capture
β^-: Beta decay
SF: Spontaneous fission
p: Proton emission
n: Neutron emission
IT: Isomeric transition

[stable-32] Bold: stable
Bold-italic: nearly stable

[u-33] Parenthesized values are uncertain

[34] Decimals indicate natural abundance

[SHlimit-26] Koura, H. (2011). Decay modes and a limit of existence of nuclei in the superheavy mass region (PDF). 4th International Conference on the Chemistry and Physics of the Transactinide Elements. Retrieved 18 November 2018.

[CN14-27] Koura, H.; Katakura, J; Tachibana, T; Minato, F (2015). "Chart of the Nuclides". Japan Atomic Energy Agency. Retrieved 30 October 2018.

[masses-28] Wang, M.; Audi, G.; Kondev, F.G.; Huang, W.J.; Naimi, S.; Xu, X. (2017). "The AME2016 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs, and references" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 41 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030003.

[NUBASE2020-29] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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