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Eberhard Heinrich Zeidler, OC, O.Ont., Dipl.Ing., L.L.D., D.Arch., FRAIC, RCA, OAA, MAIBC, OAQ, Hon. FAIA (11 January 1926 - Current) is a German-born architect who studied at the Bauhaus and the Technical University in Karlsruhe but spent most of his life practicing in Canada.[1] He emmigrated to Canada in 1951 in his early 20's where he worked as a draftsman for Blackwell & Craig. In his mature years the firm transformed into Zeidler Partnership which it is now known for today.[2] Eberhard had a bustling practice but always managed to find time for his wife Jane and their four children. Eberhard's architectural style prioritizes the user of the space through solving any of their challenges or needs. He denies short term trends and focuses on creating spaces that are both functional and beautiful all while fulfilling the needs of the programme and the user.[3]He was a member of the Toronto Planning Board, a director for the Toronto Harbourfront Corporation and was the Adjunct Professor of Architectural Design at the University of Toronto for fifteen years. He has been awarded over 200 national and international awards for his projects.[4]

Early Life - Germany[edit]

Childhood[edit]

Eberhard’s mother and brother were living in Braunsdorf, Germany with extended family at the time of his birth while his father was completing his postgraduate degree at the University of Berlin.[5] When Eberhard was two years old, his family moved to Liegnitz, Silesia where he spent the majority of his childhood.[6] It was common for families to live in apartments at that time however, years later his family built a home of their own. Photographs were of great value during his childhood and Eberhard would create photo albums as young as the age of five where he would decorate the pages with quick sketches and text.[6] Eberhard had a passion for music as a child and played the violin in his family’s orchestra. He wanted to quit and learn how to paint but his violin teacher at the time convinced him otherwise.[7] Fate would later take its toll. Eberhard enjoyed taking part in activities that were typical for boys at the time such as joining athletic teams and going on hikes through the mountains. However, he also had a fascination with buildings from a very young age and spent much of his childhood sketching and making models. At the age of thirteen, he knew he wanted to become an architect.[8]

Early Education[edit]

Eberhard never enjoyed his earlier years at school and was bored with the idea of learning Latin and French when he knew he wanted to explore the world of architecture.[8] He wanted to learn more about building specifically and wanted to pursue being a bricklayer because he believed those were the people designing monumental cathedrals. His parents approved this idea. Eberhard's father suggested that instead of dropping out of school, he should work on a construction site during his summers in order to gain a better understanding of what the field was truly like. That exact summer Eberhard began working for his father’s friend who owned a construction company. He slowly began to realize that this job was not what he imagined it to be as he spent his summer mixing mortar as well as buying coffee and chewing tobacco from the corner store. He had no qualms about returning to school once the summer was over.[8] He continued his curiosity with building through taking on different jobs during his summer holidays. One summer he experienced a close to death situation where he nearly fell off a high-rise steel tower. Eberhard was suspended from a steel brace that was not bolted properly. Thankfully, his ankle got caught in the ladder and he was hanging upside down two hundred feet from the ground.[8] Eberhard's brother attended the University of Berlin where Eberhard would skip his high school classes to attend lectures on architecture.[8] The arrival of the war caused Eberhard to drift off his architectural journey when he volunteered for the navy. The war ended when he was nineteen and he was left in a decrepit state knowing many of his friends died and not knowing the whereabouts of his family.[9]

Post-War[edit]

In 1945, Eberhard and his friend attempted to travel to the USA after they heard a rumor that the American army was hiring former navy officers. He became very ill on the trip and eventually stopped in Hamburg, Germany to rest at the Wendt’s residence, a family that his friend knew. [9] Eberhard lived with them even after his recovery and worked as a construction worker temporarily until he could pursue architecture again. Eberhard eventually traveled over the border into the Russian zone to find his mother and father in Bernburg.[1] Eberhard realized that he needed to get back into architecture. Professors that were removed from the Bauhaus by Hitler moved to Weimar where they began to rebuild the design school. Eberhard immediately applied and was accepted. He remained at the university for three years until he ran into trouble with the police for helping one of his professors escape arrest. This period was filled with freedom and expression as designers came up with innovative post-war ideas. Eberhard finished his architecture training at the Technical University in Karlsruhe and immediately upon graduation, was finally living his dream. He was offered a position to work with his architectural inspiration Egon Eiermann. He also worked for a former professor from Weimar, Emanuel Lindner, who also moved west and had an abundance of projects he needed assistance with.[1] In 1951, Eberhard visited his former university, the Technical University in Karlsruhe, where he heard a professor from Montreal giving a speech announcing that Canada needed architects and that there were far more architects in Germany. What he failed to mention was that in Germany, not even a small structure, could be constructed without an architect’s stamp of approval. This was a stark contrast to Canada which Eberhard realized later on in his life.[10]

From Germany to Canada[edit]

Eberhard's friends finally convinced him to travel to Canada for a short trip which ended up turning into a lifetime.[1] He filled out a residency application which he actually forgot about until he received a letter of approval and his first job offer working for a unknown firm in Peterborough, Ontario.[10] Eberhard left his job working for his former professor when he embarked on his journey to Canada where he imagined a life of bustling projects and commissions. His former boss told him he would regret his decision and would be back in Germany within the next year.[11] He arrived in Quebec City in August 1951 and traveled by train to Peterborough.[2] He was taken to the office of what was formerly known as Blackwell & Craig where Eberhard was going to meet founder, Jim Craig. Eberhard describes the office as looking like the United Nations filled with people of different ethnicities and backgrounds. This was a stark contrast to everything he knew back in Germany.[11] Months later, Eberhard traveled to the firm’s Toronto location which needed additional assistance. He arrived in Toronto in a state of shock perceiving the emptiness of Union Station. At the time, there were little residential occupancies in the city and most people went to their cottages on the weekends. During his first year in Canada, Eberhard contemplated his decision of leaving Germany since he was only a draftsman and the pay wasn’t all that he expected. The words of disappointment from his former boss and professor resonated in the back of his head and if it wasn’t for his perseverance, perhaps he would have gone back to Germany.[12]

Adult Life[edit]

Peterborough[edit]

Eberhard received a call from his friend Frank offering him a new job at nearly double the salary at an engineering firm called Timber Structures. The work he completed for Timber Structures was not only interesting but also fostered his love for architecture.[13] In 1953, he received an offer from Jim Craig asking if he would like to return to Blackwell & Craig as a Chief Designer and partner which he immediately accepted as his love for architecture grew.[2] His first design was an addition of a Sunday School Hall to St. John the Baptist, an Anglican church in the village of Lakefield. He treated this project as his first child as he constantly frequented the construction site and monitored its progress.[13] His church designs set a precedent and Eberhard was commissioned to design over thirty churches in his first few years at Blackwell & Craig.[14] This history of designing churches also made it difficult for Eberhard to receive projects of different occupancies. New schools were constantly being built but Eberhard would be outbid by bigger firms who had more experience in educational facilities. At an interview with three other architects for a four-room school in Marmora, he told the jury he feels these types of interviews do not evaluate how well he can design. If they were having surgery, they wouldn’t call four doctors in and ask them to explain the procedure. This response shocked the jury and led him to getting his first school project.[15] In 1960, Eberhard was asked to be the head architect for the proposed Adam Scott High School alongside Barnett & Rieder, a firm more experienced in high school design.[16]

Peterborough Memorial Centre, Peterborough, Ontario (1956)

In 1956, following an extensive legal battle with the former contractor from the Adam Scott High School, Eberhard embarked on his largest project ever completed to date – the Peterborough Memorial Centre.[17] At the same time, Eberhard had to find a new place to stay upon learning that is landlord's daughters needed their bedroom back. He was offered a coach house next to a mansion of a wealthy lady named Mrs. Strickland. She offered him the property under the condition that he would renovate it. Eberhard was excited for this endeavor and embraced renovating his first home.[17] Eberhard’s work was gaining attention outside of Peterborough and he was commissioned to design in 1955 the Georgian Manor Home for the Aged along the Georgian Bay and later in 1957 designed the Fairhaven Home for the Aged in Peterborough.[18]

At the request of Mrs. Strickland, Eberhard attended a baptism to accompany the godmother, a young lady from Peterborough who was living in Toronto at the time. Eberhard was drawn into her beauty and explained that she was like no other woman he had met before. Jane Abbott became the love of his life. He proposed to her after their first date and spent the next four years of his life convincing her they were meant to be together.[19] In combination of meeting Jane who was living in Toronto at the time and feeling a lack of mental stimulation with his projects in Peterborough, Eberhard made the bold decision to apply to teach at the University of Toronto.[19] Eberhard was now working an eighty hour work week commuting from Peterborough where he was continuing his practice and teaching the third-year design studio at University of Toronto. He spent his first summer which he was off back in Germany with his family while Jane was waiting for him in Toronto ready to commit to their relationship.[20] They later got married and Jim Craig was his best man.[21] Eberhard and Jane spent their early married years living in the renovated coach house in Peterborough.[22] In 1957, they purchased a decrepit farmhouse that Eberhard redesigned to be more spacious and suitable for their future family. The house along with one hundred acres cost $12,000. During the renovation, Jane became pregnant with their first daughter, Margie so the pressure was heightened to complete the home before her arrival. Margie arrived with time to spare and the couple enjoyed living on their newly renovated farm together.[23]

In 1957, the firm began to look for more work within the city with the West Ellesmere United Church as their first substantial project.[24] Eberhard was still struggling with his architectural style and was experimenting with curved elements in this project. Church budgets were often small and Eberhard would often build certain elements for free in order to to portray his vision.[24] By 1964, the firm was booming and had almost too many projects to handle. This included the Grant Sine Public School, Ajax Municipal Centre, Pickering Municipal Building, Peterborough Memorial Office and the Ross Memorial Hospital, and the Sault Ste. Marie High School.[25] Jane gave birth to their second child Robert in November 1959 and their third child Kate in the spring of 1961. Jane expressed that she wanted to move to Toronto now that they had three children and she could not get much help living on the farm.[26] Eberhard was open to the idea as he spent more than half of his time in the city anyways and had just lost the design of Trent University to Ron Thom so he wanted a fresh start.[27]

Toronto[edit]

Eberhard and Jane had a budget of about $25,000 for their new home in the city. Jane wanted to live in Lawrence Park near her sister but their real estate agent advised them they could only afford to live in Rosedale. This is quite ironic given that Rosedale has become one of the most expensive areas in the city. They decided on a home along the ideal location of Glen Road which needed some repairs before they could move in.[26] It was the perfect size for their growing family of five and they lived at the home for six years.[28] Eberhard's firm opened their first Toronto office in the second storey of a building along Yonge Street.[28] As they earned more projects and especially with the design of the Thomas A. Stewart Secondary School, they eventually opened a second location in a warehouse on the west side of Yonge Street. They later decided to combine the two offices and purchased a much larger historical home along Madison Avenue that they also renovated. Jim Craig decided to retire and without Jim in the office, Eberhard and Bill's partnership crumbled. Bill left the firm and took the former manager of the Peterborough office, Don Voisy, with him.[28] Eberhard bought out Jim and Bill's shares and continued working on his projects with most of the staff that remained.[29] Some of his major projects at the time included the following: Peterborough County Courthouse; Mont Ste-Marie Ski Resort in Quebec; and 315 Queen Street West which became Eberhard's new office in 1981.[30] Upon moving into the office, Office Manager Alf Roberts and Junior Partner Ian Grinnell had an altercation resulting in Alf leaving the office.[31] This posed financial problems for Eberhard and was problematic because he had changed the name of the firm from Zeidler Partnership to Zeidler Roberts Partnership just a few months earlier. Eberhard decided to keep the name for nearly twenty years after Alf left. However, now there was just three of them - he was a senior partner alongside Ian Grinnell and Peter Wakayama as Junior Partners.[31]

Mature Architectural Practice[edit]

Style & Approach[edit]

Eberhard's architectural style caters to ordinary people that live ordinary lives. His focus is to design for the real subject of the project which is not the architectural object itself but rather the people that will inhabit the space. His design philosophy makes an effort to understand the occupants who will inhabit the architecture.[3] He treats architecture as a service that is not solely stylistic or fulfills a short-term trend. The spaces he creates are to assist people and solve challenges in their everyday lives. His projects are revealed as pieces of art that are applied to the real world. This real world has a slew of market demands, costs, site limitations, contracts and various sizes of budgets. Eberhard often explores public spaces for people to gather that can either remain empty or be fully occupied. Large gathering spaces are often his solution to larger architectural problems.[32]

List of Major Projects[edit]

Eberhard has been involved in the complete design and/or renovation of over 2,940 projects up until 2013.[33]

1950s[34][edit]

  • St. John's Church wing, Lakefield (1952)
  • Grace United Church, Peterborough (1953)
  • St. Giles Presbyterian Church, Peterborough (1953)
  • Georgian Manor Home for the Aged, Penetanguishene (1955)
  • Unemployment Insurance Commission Building, Peterborough (1955)
  • St. Margaret's United Church renovation, Kingston (1956)
  • West Ellesmere United Church, Scarborough (1956)
  • St. Jame's United Church addition, Peterborough (1956)
  • St. John's Anglican Church renovation, Peterborough (1956)
  • Fairhaven Home for the Aged, Peterborough (1957)
  • Smith farmhouse renovation for the Zeidler family, Peterborough (1957)
  • Guelph Home for the Aged (1957)
  • Peterborough Home for the Aged (1957)
  • Adam Scott Vocational Institute, Peterborough (1958)
  • Kaufman Residence, Kitchener (1958)
  • Peterborough Golf and Country Club (1958)
  • St. Paul's Presbyterian Church (1958)
Toronto Eaton Centre (1969)

1960s[35][edit]

  • McMaster University Healthy Sciences Centre, Hamilton (started in 1966 and completed in 1972)

1970s[36][edit]

  • 98 Queen Street East, Toronto, Zeidler Roberts Partnership office (1970)
  • Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto (1979)
North York Centre for the Performing Arts (1994) now known as the Meridian Arts Centre (2019)

1980s[37][edit]

1990s[38][edit]

2000s[39][edit]

Awards and Honors[edit]

Award-winning Ryerson University Student Learning Centre, which was designed in collaboration with Snøhetta (2014)
Award-winning Hospital for Sick Children Atrium (1983)
Award-winning Queen's Quay Terminal (1979)

Eberhard has received over two-hundred awards over his years of practice with his first award being the Massey Medal for Architecture - Silver Medal for the Hamilton House in Peterborough. He won this medal in 1955 at the early age of twenty-nine.[4] The following are his greatest achievements for his most well known projects:

  • Award of Excellence for the Ryerson University Student Learning Centre, Toronto, Ontario by Canadian Architect magazine (2011)
  • Landmark Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal by the Ontario Association of Architects (2011)
  • Landmark Award for the St. Lawrence Neighbourhood planning by the Ontario Association of Architects (2009)
  • Landmark Award for the Toronto Eaton Centre, Toronto, Ontario by the Ontario Association of Architects (2008)
  • AIPC Apex Award World's Best Convention Centre for Canada Place, Vancouver, BC by the International Association of Congress Centres (2008)
  • Historical Building of the Year for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by BOMA Canada (2003)
  • 25 Year Award and Landmark Award for the Ontario Place, Toronto, Ontario by the Ontario Association of Architects (1999)
  • Award of Merit for the Living Arts Centre, Mississauga, Ontario by the City of Mississauga Urban Design Awards (1998)
  • Design Arts Award for Raymond F. Kravis Center for the Performing Arts, West Palm Beach, Florida (1997)
  • Award of Merit for the Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario by the Toronto Historical Board (1996)
  • Citation for Recognition of Pediatric Intensive Care for the Hospital for Sick Children: The Atrium, Toronto, Ontario by the American Institute of Architects (1995)
  • Best Architectural Design for the Hospital for Sick Children: The Atrium, Toronto, Ontario by Financial Post (1995)
  • Best Parking Structure for the Raymond F. Kravis Center for the Performing Arts, West Palm Beach, Florida by the Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (1994)
  • Sixth Annual Healthcare Environmental Award for the Hospital for Sick Children: The Atrium, Toronto, Ontario by the National Symposium on Healthcare Design (1994)
  • North York Design Award for the Toronto Centre for the Arts, North York, Ontario by the City of North York (1993)
  • Excellence in Construction for the Raymond F. Kravis Center for the Performing Arts, West Palm Beach, Florida by the Associated Builders and Contractors (1993)
  • The City of Toronto Urban Design Award for the Toronto Eaton Centre, Toronto, Ontario by the City of Toronto (1992)
  • Ontario Steel Design Award for the Toronto Centre for the Arts, North York, Ontario by the Canadian Institute of Steel Construction (1992)
  • The City of Toronto Urban Design Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by the City of Toronto (1992)
  • Design Excellence Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by the Ontario Association of Architects (1989)
  • Excellence on the Waterfront Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by The Waterfront Center (1989)
  • Award of Excellence for MediaPark, Cologne, Germany by Canadian Architect Magazine (1988)
  • Award of Excellence for the Gallery at Harborplace, Baltimore, Maryland by the American Concrete Institute (1988)
  • Excellence on the Waterfront Award for Canada Place, Vancouver, British Columbia by The Waterfront Center (1988)
  • Certificate of Merit for the Walter C. Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta by the Governor General of Canada (1986)
  • American Design Citation for Healthcare for the Walter C. Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta by the American Institute of Architects (1986)
  • Access Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by the City of Toronto (1986)
  • Governor General's Medal for Architecture for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by the Governor General of Canada (1986)
  • Award of Excellence for the Hospital for Sick Children: The Atrium, Toronto, Ontario by Canadian Architect magazine (1986)
  • Achievement Award for Canada Place, Vancouver, British Columbia by Downtown Vancouver Association (1986)
  • Achievement Award for Canada Place, Vancouver, British Columbia by International Downtown Association (1986)
  • Crédit Foncier Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by Heritage Canada Foundation (1985)
  • Access Award for the Toronto Eaton Centre, Toronto, Canada by the City of Toronto (1984)
  • Builder's Choice Design and Planning Awards Grand Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by Builder magazine (1984)
  • Award of Merit for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by Portland Cement Association (1984)
  • Award for Excellence for the Toronto Eaton Centre, Toronto, Canada by the Urban Land Institute (1983)
  • National Design Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by the Canadian Housing Design Council (1983)
  • Gold Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by National Association of Home Builders (1983)
  • Ontario Renews Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal, Toronto, Ontario by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing (1983)
  • Governor General's Medal for Architecture for the Toronto Eaton Centre, Toronto, Canada by the Governor General of Canada (1982)
  • Award of Excellence for the Toronto Eaton Centre, Toronto, Canada by Design Canada (1981)
  • National Award for the Queen's Quay Terminal by the Commonwealth Association of Architects (1981)
  • Certificate of Excellence for the Young People's Theatre, Toronto, Ontario by the Urban Design Awards Program (1980)
  • Certificate of Excellence for the Toronto Eaton Centre, Toronto, Canada by Urban Design Awards Program (1978)
  • Design Excellence Award for Ontario Place, Toronto, Canada by the Ontario Association of Architects (1976)
  • International Design Award for Ontario Place, Toronto, Canada by the American Society of Interior Designers (1975)
  • Merit Award for Ontario Place, Toronto, Canada by the American Society of Landscape Architects (1976)
  • Award of Excellence for the Toronto Eaton Centre, Toronto, Canada by Canadian Architect Yearbook (1974)
  • Design in Steel Citation for Excellence in Engineering for Ontario Place, Toronto, Ontario by American Iron and Steel Institute (1973)
  • Award of Excellence for Ontario Place, Toronto, Ontario by Canadian Architect Yearbook (1969)
  • Massey Medal for Architecture - Silver Medal for the Hamilton House, Peterborough, Ontario by The Massey Foundation (1955)[40]

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 44. ISBN 9781459706491.
  2. ^ a b c Thomsen, Christian (1992). Eberhard Zeidler: In Search of Human Space. Ernst & Sohn. p. 52. ISBN 3433023131.
  3. ^ a b Vitta, Maurizio (1999). Zeidler Roberts Partnership: Ethics and Architecture. Milan: l'Arca Edizioni. p. 13. ISBN 8878380318.
  4. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume II. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 1220. ISBN 9781459706507.
  5. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Building Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 25. ISBN 9781459706491.
  6. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 31. ISBN 9781459706491.
  7. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 38. ISBN 9781459706491.
  8. ^ a b c d e Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 42. ISBN 9781459706491.
  9. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 43. ISBN 9781459706491.
  10. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 69. ISBN 9781459706491.
  11. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 70. ISBN 9781459706491.
  12. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 71. ISBN 9781459706491.
  13. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 72. ISBN 9781459706491.
  14. ^ Thomsen, Christian (1992). Eberhard Zeidler: In Search of Human Space. Ernst & Sohn. p. 54. ISBN 3433023131.
  15. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 76. ISBN 9781459706491.
  16. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 77. ISBN 9781459706491.
  17. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 78. ISBN 9781459706491.
  18. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 81. ISBN 9781459706491.
  19. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 82. ISBN 9781459706491.
  20. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 83. ISBN 9781459706491.
  21. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 84. ISBN 9781459706491.
  22. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 85. ISBN 9781459706491.
  23. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 86. ISBN 9781459706491.
  24. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 96. ISBN 9781459706491.
  25. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 99. ISBN 9781459706491.
  26. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 103. ISBN 9781459706491.
  27. ^ Thomsen, Christian (1992). Eberhard Zeidler: In Search of Human Space. Ernst & Sohn. p. 62. ISBN 3433023131.
  28. ^ a b c Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 104. ISBN 9781459706491.
  29. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 105. ISBN 9781459706491.
  30. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 109. ISBN 9781459706491.
  31. ^ a b Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 110. ISBN 9781459706491.
  32. ^ Vitta, Maurizio (1999). Zeidler Roberts Partnership: Ethics and Architecture. Milan: l'Arca Edizioni. p. 14. ISBN 8878380318.
  33. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume II. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 1204. ISBN 9781459706507.
  34. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume II. Toronto: Dundurn Press. pp. 1204–1205. ISBN 9781459706507.
  35. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume II. Toronto: Dundurn Press. pp. 1205–1207. ISBN 9781459706507.
  36. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume II. Toronto: Dundurn Press. pp. 1207–1210. ISBN 9781459706507.
  37. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume II. Toronto: Dundurn Press. pp. 1210–1213. ISBN 9781459706507.
  38. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume II. Toronto: Dundurn Press. pp. 1213–1217. ISBN 9781459706507.
  39. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume II. Toronto: Dundurn Press. pp. 1217–1219. ISBN 9781459706507.
  40. ^ Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture. Toronto: Dundurn Press. pp. 1220–1226. ISBN 9781459706507.

Bibliography[edit]

Thomsen, Christian (1992). Eberhard Zeidler: In Search of Human Space. Ernst & Sohn. ISBN 3433023131.

Vitta, Maurizio (1999). Zeidler Roberts Partnership: Ethics and Architecture. Milan: l'Arca Edizioni. ISBN 8878380318.

Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume I. Toronto: Dundurn Press. ISBN 9781459706491.

Zeidler, Eberhard (2013). Buildings Cities Life: An Autobiography in Architecture Volume II. Toronto: Dundurn Press. ISBN 9781459706507.

External Links[edit]


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