Triangle Expressway

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Triangle Expressway

Triangle Parkway
Western Wake Freeway
Map
Triangle Expressway highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by NCDOT
Length17.5 mi[1] (28.2 km)
Existed2011–present
Component
highways
Major junctions
South end NC 55 in Apex
Major intersections
North end I-40 / I-885 in RTP
Location
CountryUnited States
StateNorth Carolina
CountiesDurham, Wake
Highway system

The Triangle Expressway (TriEx) is the first modern toll road built in North Carolina, and one of the first toll roads in the United States built to use only electronic toll collection instead of toll booths. The overall freeway consists of two segments called the Triangle Parkway and the Western Wake Freeway. The six-lane Triangle Parkway extends Interstate 885 (I-885) 3.5 miles (5.6 km) via North Carolina Highway 885 (NC 885) in Durham County to meet North Carolina Highway 540 (NC 540) in Morrisville in Wake County. The Western Wake Freeway extends the total Triangle Expressway to 17.5 miles (28.2 km) long, extending NC 540 where it continues along to Holly Springs.

Description of the project[edit]

The money for the project comes from $625 million in bonds and a $387 million loan from the federal government. The North Carolina Turnpike Authority deposited this money on July 29, 2009, and on the same day the agency's executive director David W. Joyner signed contracts to pay $584 million of that money to three companies to build the road over the next 42 months, creating 13,800 jobs.[citation needed]

Triangle Parkway[edit]

S. T. Wooten Corp. of Wilson, North Carolina built the 3.4-mile (5.5 km) northern section, an extension of NC 147, called the Triangle Parkway, at a cost of $137.5 million, including an electronic toll plaza on I-540. The new road opened for traffic on December 8, 2011 and extends from the previously existing section of NC 147 (now I-885) south from I-40 to an 2.8-mile (4.5 km) section of the Northern Wake Expressway. Completed in 2007, the existing section became part of the toll road on August 2, 2012.[2][3][4] Originally envisioned as part of I-540, because of rules against tolls on Interstate Highways, this section is now called NC 540.[5][6] When Research Triangle Park (RTP) was created in the late 1950s, a corridor of land was preserved to be available for the Triangle Parkway's eventual construction. Another $230 million was spent on 525 acres (2.12 km2) of additional right-of-way for the entire road.

Actual tolling of the new section of road began January 3, 2012.[2][7]

Western Wake Freeway[edit]

Granite Construction of Watsonville, California, and Archer Western Contractors of Atlanta worked together as Raleigh Durham Roadbuilders to complete the 12.6-mile (20.3 km) Western Wake Freeway at a cost of $446.5 million. This section of the Triangle Expressway, which extends from NC 55 at RTP to NC 55 at Holly Springs, will become part of NC 540.[4] In summer 2009, work began on the freeway.[8] On August 1, 2012, the 6.6-mile (10.6 km) second section from NC 55 to US 64 opened,[3] with the remaining six miles south of US 64 to NC 55 in Holly Springs opening December 20, 2012.[9][10][7][11] Tolls and $25 million a year from the North Carolina legislature will finance the project.[4]

Tolls[edit]

Original toll rates of then NC 147, from NC 540, in 2011

The Triangle Expressway is built as an all-electronic toll road with billing by license plate,[4] similar to Maryland's Route 200 (InterCounty Connector, largely opened to traffic in 2011).

Drivers can open an account and use a North Carolina Quick Pass transponder, which results in a lower rate. Other drivers will have their license plates photographed, and they will receive a bill.[4] The expected rates are 15 cents per mile (9.3 ¢/km) for those with transponders, and 24 cents per mile (15 ¢/km) for others.[2][12]

On May 4, 2010, the Turnpike Authority signed a contract with TransCore to provide transponders.[13] Drivers can, however, use their existing accounts; North Carolina becomes the only state to offer this option. 350,000 new transponders are expected to be issued in the first five years.[14] Transponder sales began October 11, 2011.[15] In later years, interoperability was established with the following ETC systems: E-ZPass, Peach Pass and SunPass.

At the time of its opening, residents in the area have complained about the tolls, considering that the new highway is the only toll road in North Carolina, and especially since other large sections of 540 have been completed without tolls. Business people who plan to use the highway, however, claim that the time savings will more than balance out the cost.[16]

Toll rates[edit]

In 2018, the total trip rate was $3.25 with the North Carolina Quick Pass and $5.00 via bill-by-mail.[17] In 2022, the total trip rate was raised to $3.71 with the North Carolina Quick Pass and $5.68 via bill-by-mail.[18] As of January 1, 2024, the total trip rate is now $3.94 with the North Carolina Quick Pass and $6.06 via bill-by-mail. Listed below are the 2024 toll rates, starting at I-885 / Toll N.C. 885 / I-40:[19]

2024 Triangle Expressway toll rates, from I-885 / Toll N.C. 885 / I-40
Exit Axles Quick Pass Bill by mail
Exit 3/2 - Hopson Rd. / Davis Dr. 2 $0.45 $0.69
3 $0.90 $1.38
4 $1.80 $2.77
Exit 69 - Chapel Hill Rd. / N.C. 54 2 $0.99 $1.52
3 $1.98 $3.05
4 $3.96 $6.09
Exit 66 - N.C. 55 2 $1.23 $1.89
3 $2.46 $3.78
4 $2.46 $3.78
Exit 64 - Morrisville Parkway 2 $1.77 $2.72
3 $3.54 $5.45
4 $7.08 $10.89
Exit 62 - Green Level West Rd. 2 $2.22 $3.42
3 $4.44 $6.83
4 $8.88 $13.66
Exit 59: U.S. 64 2 $2.76 $4.25
3 $5.52 $8.49
4 $11.04 $16.98
Exit 57 - Old U.S. Hwy 1 / S. Salem St. 2 $3.43 $5.28
3 $6.86 $10.55
4 $13.72 $21.11
Exit 56 - U.S. 1 2 $3.43 $5.28
3 $6.86 $10.55
4 $13.72 $21.11
Exit 55 - Veridea Parkway 2 $3.77 $5.80
3 $7.54 $11.60
4 $15.08 $23.20
Exit 54 - N.C. 55 2 $3.94 $6.06
3 $7.88 $12.12
4 $15.76 $24.25

History[edit]

The "Triangle Parkway" was first proposed in 1958, as part of Research Triangle Park. On February 16, 2005, it was one of four roads selected by the Turnpike Authority to be built as toll roads in North Carolina. The estimated cost was $69 million for 3.2 miles (5.1 km) between Davis Drive and NC 54. An additional $29 million could be spent extending that highway 1.3 miles (2.1 km) to McCrimmon Parkway in Morrisville, whose leaders opposed the idea. The original parkway route, however, had no real opponents.[20]

At the groundbreaking ceremony in 2009, Representative David Price pointed out that using tolls to finance this road "was not our first choice." Instead, area governments concluded the road would have taken 15 more years to complete any other way, so the decision to charge tolls came in 2005.[21] The 12.5-mile (20.1 km) Western Wake Expressway from RTP to Holly Springs had been delayed earlier in the year, and the legislature had increased the number of toll projects allowed from four to nine.[22]

In July 2006, the legislature decided to allow the section of I-540 connecting the Triangle Parkway and Western Wake Expressway to be a toll road if the other two roads were also toll roads, even though the road was already being built.[23]

Federal approval for the use of tolls came in January 2007. The Turnpike Authority asked that the new section of road not be called an Interstate.

Just before the July 2007 opening of the 4.5-mile (7.2 km) I-540 section between I-40 and NC 55, I-540 signs came down, replaced with NC 540 signs. Using the designation NC 540, a decision made in May 2007, was less confusing than giving the road an entirely new number.[6]

The name "Triangle Expressway" became official in May 2007, and turnpike board member Perry R. Safran said the committee also wanted the nickname "TriEx".[24]

On November 14, 2007, the board decided toll booths would not be used,[25] and on June 5, 2008, the State House voted to approve $25 million a year for 39 years for the project. This would cover the difference between expected toll collections and actual costs.[26]

Groundbreaking was held on August 12, 2009 at the west end of Interstate 540 (I-540). "A dozen dignitaries" used shovels painted gold as 150 watched.[21]

On December 8, 2011, the first leg of the Triangle Expressway opened to traffic. Toll collection began January 3, 2012.[2][27]

On August 1, 2012, the second section of the Triangle Expressway, from Research Triangle Park to U.S. 64, opened. Toll collection began the following day.[3]

On December 20, 2012, the section from U.S. 64 to NC 55 in Holly Springs opened with toll collection beginning in January.[9]

Toll rates change almost annually as required by the bond covenant created for the funding of the Expressway. Since its initial rate set at 2012, it has increased in 2013, 2015 and 2016.[28][29]

On January 20, 2017, the expressway was chosen as one of 10 testing locations for driverless cars.[30]

On June 30, 2022, Toll NC 147 was re-designated as Toll NC 885 as a part of the opening of the East End Connector Project.[31]

Future[edit]

Planned as the next phase of the Triangle Expressway and the final segment of the Raleigh Beltway, the Triangle Expressway Southeast Extension (also known as the Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways) will traverse 30 miles (48 km) linking NC 540 and I-540, just south of Knightdale. Planning for the route started in 2010, but was put on hold on March, 2011 by the enactment of North Carolina Session Law 2011-7 (N.C. S.L. 2011-7). This law stated routes to study "shall not be located north of" the Orange Route, shown on maps for 20 years, potentially impacting wetlands and endangered mollusks.[32][33][34][35] The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers opposed the Orange Route unless other potential routes could be found. A map unveiled August 22, 2012 shows the Lilac Route and the Plum Route, which would result in less environmental impact but would cause the loss of more homes. Planners hoped for a final route by 2014.[36] On December 7, 2012, the Federal Highway Administration and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers replied to NCDOT saying they could not legally evaluate the Orange Route without comparing it to another route expected to cause less environmental harm. Since there was an impasse between the Federal government and the state regarding the issue, the federal funds for the project were cut, putting the Southeast Extension on hiatus.[37]

A Draft Environmental Impact Statement released in late 2015 included 17 options, the Red Route included. Construction west of Interstate 40 would start in 2018 or later. The Lilac Route avoided the environmental problems of the Orange Route but like the Red Route would result in many homes being lost, and the Raleigh water treatment plant would also be affected. The Blue Route and Purple Route to the south of the others would cause the loss of even more homes. East of Interstate 40, there was no preferred route, and all of the options had problems.[38]

In April 2016, NCDOT announced that Detailed Study Alternative[39]  was selected as the preferred alternative for the project. The route goes from west to east and combines the proposed orange, green (southern portion), mint, and green (northern portion) corridor segments. The Federal Highway Administration then approved the final environmental impact study for the roadway, which was published in December 2017.[40]

In June 2018, the federal government approved the entire 28.4 mile (45.71 km) extension of NC-540 which would complete the southern loop of NC-540 around Raleigh from the current terminus in Holly Springs to the Interstate 540 terminus in Knightdale; the project was estimated to cost approximately $2.24 billion.[41]

However, in May 2018, a collective of environmental groups represented by Southern Environmental Law Center in Chapel Hill sued NCDOT. They claimed that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service did not properly analyze the project's environmental impacts, noting two species of endangered freshwater mussels that could be at risk.[42] This delayed progress until August 2019, when the group agreed to drop the lawsuit in exchange for a number of concessions from NCDOT, including roughly $5 million in spending on "high quality land" within the Neuse and Tar-Pamlico river watersheds, and $4.6 million for studies on the propagation and restoration of endangered freshwater animals.[43]

With this settled, construction began in mid-November 2019.[44] The first portion of NC 540 from NC 55 to I-40 was scheduled to be open to traffic in 2023, but was later pushed out to Spring 2024.[45][46]

By August 21, 2021, the final segment closing the loop to I-87/US 64/US 264 was scheduled to begin the bidding process in 2025 with construction not beginning until at least 2029. Public input over the growth and development of a 15,000-acre area of eastern Wake County along the lower Neuse River as well as the future southern loop of NC 540 was requested on June 23, 2023.[47][48]

The process of completing the final segment was sped up after the N.C. Turnpike Authority (NCTA) was able to get a single environmental permit, allowing for utility work to begin. That coupled with strong local support and expected toll revenues moved the project up NCDOT’s list of priorities and the bidding process for the segment began much earlier than anticipated in Summer 2023.[49] The work was to be done in two sections; the first one would be from south of Rock Quarry Road northward to the I-540/I-87/US 64/US 264 interchange while the second one would be from I-40/US 70 (future I-42) to south of Rock Quarry Road.[50] In September 2023, it was announced that Flatiron-Fred Smith Company Joint Venture had been awarded a $450 million contract to complete the first segment;[49][50][51] S.T. Wooten-Branch Civil joint venture was awarded a $287 million contract for the second segment in October 2023.[50][52] In December 2023, the Local Government Commission (LGC) approved an application by the NCTA for revenue bonds and a Transportation Infrastructure Finance & Innovation Act (TIFIA) loan through US-DOT to start construction.[53] Construction is now expected to start in Spring 2024 once the southern extension is opened. Completion of the final segment is expected in 2028.[50][54][55]

Exit list[edit]

CountyLocationmi[1]kmExitDestinationsNotes
WakeApex0.00.054 NC 55 – Apex, Holly Springs, Fuquay-VarinaSigned as exits 54A (west) and 54B (east) and current end of NC 540
0.60.9755Veridea Parkway
​1.32.156 US 1 – Raleigh, SanfordTo Harris Lake; signed as exits 56A (north) and 56B (south)
​2.74.357South Salem Street
Apex4.97.959 US 64 – Apex, PittsboroTo Jordan Lake; signed as exits 59A (east) and 59B (west)
Cary8.012.962Green Level West Road – Cary
9.415.164Morrisville Parkway
11.718.866 NC 55 – Cary, DurhamTo USA Baseball; signed as exits 66A (east) and 66B (west)
Morrisville13.421.667



 NC 540 east to I-40 east / I-540 – RDU Airport, Raleigh		NC 885 exit 1
Route transition from NC 540 to NC 885
DurhamResearch Triangle Park15.024.12 / 3Davis Drive / Hopson RoadSigned exit 2 northbound, exit 3 southbound
17.528.25
 I-40 to NC 54 – Raleigh, Chapel Hill		Signed as exit 5A (east) and 5B (west), continuation as I-885
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
  •       Route transition

Note – Exit numbers are based on NC 885 or NC 540.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Google (July 1, 2022). "Triangle Expressway" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d Shrader, Brian (January 3, 2012). "State's first toll road starts collecting Tuesday". Raleigh, NC: WRAL-TV. Retrieved January 3, 2012.
  3. ^ a b c Siceloff, Bruce (August 2, 2012). "Toll collection starts Thursday on 9 miles of 540 Outer Loop". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on August 3, 2012. Retrieved August 2, 2012.
  4. ^ a b c d e Siceloff, Bruce (July 30, 2009). "Turnpike board starts spending for toll road". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on January 30, 2013. Retrieved August 12, 2009.
  5. ^ "Interstate 540 North Carolina". Interstate Guide. AAroads.com. Retrieved September 8, 2009.
  6. ^ a b Siceloff, Bruce (July 4, 2007). "New bit of Outer Loop renamed". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC.
  7. ^ a b Staff (December 8, 2010). "Progress Schedule". North Carolina Turnpike Authority. Archived from the original on May 21, 2010. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
  8. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (March 30, 2010). "Southern Wake loop's roadwork to start in 2014". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on April 2, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.
  9. ^ a b "Triangle Expressway to Open 13 Days Early". NCDOT. Archived from the original on March 21, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
  10. ^ Mildwurf, Bruce (December 7, 2011). "Stretch of state's first toll road opens in Triangle". WRAL-TV Stretch of state's first toll road opens in Triangle. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  11. ^ Staff. "Triangle Expressway". North Carolina Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on November 23, 2011. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
  12. ^ Mildwurf, Bruce (March 3, 2011). "Toll road to cost 15 to 24 cents a mile to drive". Raleigh, NC: WRAL-TV. Retrieved March 4, 2011.
  13. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (May 5, 2010). "Toll road won't stop you to pay". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
  14. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (May 7, 2010). "Drivers to have options on tolls". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
  15. ^ Murawski, John (October 12, 2011). "Sales begin for toll road devices". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on October 14, 2011. Retrieved October 13, 2011.
  16. ^ Siceloff, Bruce. "The 540 Outer Loop arrives in western Wake". News & Observer. Archived from the original on July 30, 2012. Retrieved July 29, 2012.
  17. ^ "Triangle Expressway Toll Schedule" (PDF). June 26, 2018.
  18. ^ "2022 Triangle Expressway Toll Rates" (PDF). January 14, 2022.
  19. ^ https://www.ncquickpass.com/app/uploads/2023/12/TriEx-Toll-Schedule-2024.pdf
  20. ^ Eisley, Matthew (February 17, 2005). "Old RTP plan revived as toll road". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on January 29, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2009.
  21. ^ a b Siceloff, Bruce (August 13, 2009). "Future rides on toll roads". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on September 8, 2012. Retrieved August 14, 2009.
  22. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (November 24, 2005). "Tolls proposed to finish loop". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Retrieved September 8, 2009. [dead link]
  23. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (August 6, 2006). "I-540 toll plan goes to mayors". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Retrieved September 8, 2009. [dead link]
  24. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (May 22, 2007). "'Turnpike' too gritty, but calling it 'TriEx'?". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Retrieved September 8, 2009. [dead link]
  25. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (November 15, 2007). "Booths for tolls tossed". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on September 5, 2012. Retrieved November 8, 2009.
  26. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (June 8, 2008). "NW Wake toll road gets House nod". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on June 16, 2008. Retrieved September 8, 2009.
  27. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (December 8, 2011). "State's first modern toll road opens today". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on January 9, 2012. Retrieved December 8, 2011.
  28. ^ "Triangle Expressway Toll Rate Increase Begins Jan. 1; 14-22 cents increase for traveling whole Expressway" (Press release). North Carolina Department of Transportation. December 30, 2014. Archived from the original on January 6, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
  29. ^ "Triangle Expressway tolls to rise Jan. 1". News & Observer. December 11, 2015.
  30. ^ Campbell, Colin (January 20, 2017). "Driverless cars to be tested on N.C. 540 Triangle Expressway toll road". News & Observer. Retrieved February 2, 2017.
  31. ^ McCreary, Joedy (June 21, 2022). "Durham sheriff: New names, exit numbers going up on East End Connector roadways". CBS 17 News. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
  32. ^ Siceloff, Bruce; Campbell, Colin (January 4, 2011). "Garner protest may kill one highway route". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on January 7, 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2011.
  33. ^ Staff. "Triangle Expressway Southeast Extension". North Carolina Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on October 30, 2011. Retrieved November 6, 2011.
  34. ^ Triangle Expressway Southeast Extension Project Map (PDF) (Map). North Carolina Turnpike Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 23, 2011. Retrieved November 6, 2011.
  35. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (May 22, 2012). "New TriEx proposals may save Garner from Red Route". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on June 3, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
  36. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (August 22, 2012). "Planners try restarting TriEx project in southern Wake". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on August 24, 2012. Retrieved August 22, 2012.
  37. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (December 12, 2012). "Federal funding cut, state law challenged on NC 540 Red Route". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Archived from the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
  38. ^ Siceloff, Bruce (November 9, 2015). "Road Worrier: 540 Loop project offers a choice of colors". The News & Observer. Raleigh, NC. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
  39. ^ "Detailed Study Alternative # 2" (PDF). NC DOT. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
  40. ^ https://xfer.services.ncdot.gov/PDEA/Web/Complete540/final-eis/_C540_FEIS_Dec_21_2017_online.pdf
  41. ^ Stradling, Richard. "Feds approve route for NC 540 across southern Wake. Will mussels still stand in its way?". News & Observer. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
  42. ^ "Conservation Groups Sue To Stop 540 Project". WUNC. 2018-05-23. Retrieved 2024-02-20.
  43. ^ Stradling, Richard (August 22, 2019). "Environmentalists drop objection to NC 540, after NCDOT agrees to concessions". The News & Observer. Retrieved February 20, 2024.
  44. ^ Stradling, Richard (November 13, 2019). "Years in the works, construction of southern leg of Triangle Expressway begins Monday". The News & Observer. Retrieved February 20, 2024.
  45. ^ Scott, Tamara (23 March 2023). "INSIDE LOOK: Phase 1 of Complete 540 project begins". ABC11 Raleigh-Durham. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
  46. ^ Retana, Judith (20 December 2023). "Complete 540 project in Wake County on track for partial opening in spring". CBS17.com. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  47. ^ "Public Invited to Envision the Future of Eastern Wake along Lower Neuse River". Wake County Government. 23 June 2023. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
  48. ^ Loder, Stephanie (26 June 2023). "Closing the Loop: North Carolina's Complete 540 | Engineering News-Record". www.enr.com. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
  49. ^ a b Stradling, Richard (24 September 2023). "The end is in sight: State awards first of two contracts to finish Raleigh Outer Loop". The News&Observer. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  50. ^ a b c d NCDOT. "Complete 540". NCDOT. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  51. ^ McLoud, Don (4 October 2023). "$2.2B Toll Expressway for Raleigh Outer Loop Moves to Next Phase". Equipment World. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  52. ^ Stradling, Richard (27 November 2023). "NC awards contract for the last leg of Raleigh's Outer Loop. When it should be finished". The News&Observer. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  53. ^ "$1.1B Raleigh Outer Loop financing approved by Local Government Commission". Sandhills Sentinel. 27 December 2023. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  54. ^ Thomas, Aaron (February 8, 2024). "Timeline: Triangle Expressway toll road project to improve Raleigh traffic by 2028". WRAL.com. Retrieved April 11, 2024.
  55. ^ McLoud, Don (February 16, 2024). "Raleigh Outer Loop project enters final phase". Equipment World. Retrieved April 11, 2024.

External links[edit]

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