OpenQASM
 |
| License | Apache License 2.0 |
|---|---|
| Filename extensions | .qasm |
| Website | openqasm |
Open Quantum Assembly Language (OpenQASM; pronounced open kazm[1]) is a programming language designed for describing quantum circuits and algorithms for execution on quantum computers. It is designed to be an intermediate representation that can be used by higher-level compilers to communicate with quantum hardware, and allows for the description of a wide range of quantum operations, as well as classical feed-forward flow control based on measurement outcomes.
The language includes a mechanism for describing explicit timing of instructions, and allows for the attachment of low-level definitions to gates for tasks such as calibration.[1] OpenQASM is not intended for general-purpose classical computation, and hardware implementations of the language may not support the full range of data manipulation described in the specification. Compilers for OpenQASM are expected to support a wide range of classical operations for compile-time constants, but the support for these operations on runtime values may vary between implementations.[2]
The language was first described in a paper published in July 2017,[1] and a reference source code implementation was released as part of IBM's Quantum Information Software Kit (Qiskit) for use with their IBM Quantum Experience cloud quantum computing platform.[3] The language has similar qualities to traditional hardware description languages such as Verilog.
OpenQASM defines its version at the head of a source file as a number, as in the declaration:
OPENQASM 3;
The level of OpenQASM's original published implementations is OpenQASM 2.0. Version 3.0 of the specification is the current one and can be viewed at the OpenQASM repository on GitHub.
Examples[edit]
The following is an example of OpenQASM source code from the official library. The program adds two four-bit numbers.[4]
/*
* quantum ripple-carry adder
* Cuccaro et al, quant-ph/0410184
*/
OPENQASM 3;
include "stdgates.inc";
gate majority a, b, c {
cx c, b;
cx c, a;
ccx a, b, c;
}
gate unmaj a, b, c {
ccx a, b, c;
cx c, a;
cx a, b;
}
qubit[1] cin;
qubit[4] a;
qubit[4] b;
qubit[1] cout;
bit[5] ans;
uint[4] a_in = 1; // a = 0001
uint[4] b_in = 15; // b = 1111
// initialize qubits
reset cin;
reset a;
reset b;
reset cout;
// set input states
for i in [0: 3] {
if(bool(a_in[i])) x a[i];
if(bool(b_in[i])) x b[i];
}
// add a to b, storing result in b
majority cin[0], b[0], a[0];
for i in [0: 2] { majority a[i], b[i + 1], a[i + 1]; }
cx a[3], cout[0];
for i in [2: -1: 0] { unmaj a[i],b[i+1],a[i+1]; }
unmaj cin[0], b[0], a[0];
measure b[0:3] -> ans[0:3];
measure cout[0] -> ans[4];
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Cross, Andrew W.; Bishop, Lev S.; Smolin, John A.; Gambetta, Jay M. (2017). "Open Quantum Assembly Language". arXiv:1707.03429 [quant-ph].
- ^ "OpenQASM Live Specification". Retrieved December 26, 2022.
- ^ qiskit-openqasm: OpenQASM specification, International Business Machines, 2017-07-04, retrieved 2017-07-06
- ^ "openqasm/adder.qasm at master · openqasm/openqasm · GitHub". GitHub. 29 January 2022.
External links[edit]
| General | |||||||||
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| Theorems | |||||||||
| Quantum communication |
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| Quantum algorithms | |||||||||
| Quantum complexity theory | |||||||||
| Quantum processor benchmarks | |||||||||
| Quantum computing models | |||||||||
| Quantum error correction | |||||||||
| Physical implementations |
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| Quantum programming | |||||||||
