Muhammad Jamil Bayham

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Muhammad Jamil Bayham
محمد جميل بيهم
Born1887
Beirut
Died1978
CitizenshipLebanon
Notable workThe Arabs and the Turks in the Conflict between East and West and The Philosophy of Ottoman History
SpouseNazik al-Abid

Muhammad Jamil Bayham (Arabic: محمد جميل بيهم; 1887–1978) was an Arab-Lebanese historian, politician, writer and reformer[1][2] who wrote dozens of books and articles.[3][4][5]

Hailing from an influential Sunni Muslim family in Beirut, Bayham advocated for Arab unity, emphasizing Arab pride, and asserting the preeminent position of Arabs in Islam. He was a staunch opponent of French rule and expressed disagreement with Lebanese people, particularly Christians, who asserted a Phoenician identity.[6]

Bayham worked for the independence of Syria and Lebanon, defended the Arabism of Palestine, and called for the liberation of women.[7] He is considered a pioneer of the political, social and intellectual renaissance in Lebanon and the Arab world.[8][9][2]

Family[edit]

Muhammad Jamil bin Muhammad Mustafa bin Hussein Bayhum Al-Itan[10] was born and died in Beirut. He was descended from the Itani family. The Beyham family was active in political, social and economic activities. Ibrahim Beyhem Pasha was an amir (prince), and Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent appointed him to command the Ottoman fleet; he became grand vizier in 1522 AD. Najib Beyhem Al-Itani had close ties with Pope Lewn.[clarification needed] Hussein Beyhum was known for his charitable deeds in Beirut and elsewhere in Lebanon, and the family was associated with Prince Bashir Al-Shihabi. Omar Bey Beyhem was the head of the Shura Council during the era of Egyptian rule from 1831 to 1840. When Sheikh Saeed Jumblatt was imprisoned in Beirut in the wake of the 1860 civil conflict, Mustafa Effendi Beyhem cared for him in prison.[11]

Cultural and intellectual activity[edit]

Bayham held a number of political and scientific positions. In 1905, he became a member of the Makassed Islamic Charitable Association in Beirut. Bayham became a member of the Islamic Charitable Society in Istanbul in 1908. In 1910, he was appointed to the Ottoman fleet management board. Bayham was appointed to the Beirut Municipal Council in 1915. The following year, he became honorary head of the Agricultural Bank branch in Beirut vilayet. Bayham was appointed as a deputy in the Arab government in 1919, and received a doctoral degree on the mandate over Syria and Iraq from the University of Paris in 1928. He was a member of the Syrian Reform Party, defending Arabic language and literature, and became a member of the Lebanese Scientific Academy in 1929 and the Iraqi Scientific Academy a decade later. Bayham headed the Union of Parties Lebanese Anti-Zionist movement in 1944. He defended the political and social rights of women.[11][2][12] Bayham and his wife Nazik al-Abid founded an association to combat prostitution in 1933, defying French Mandate officials who encouraged Lebanese prostitution with legislation.[13]

Works[edit]

  • Women in Modern Civilization (1927)
  • Women in History and Laws[14]
  • Women in Arab Civilization[15][16]
  • Palestine: Andalusia of the East (1946)
  • The Philosophy of Ottoman History in Two Parts (1925–1954)[17][18]
  • The Girl of the East in the Civilization of the West[19][20]
  • The Veteran Era in Syria and Lebanon[21][22]
  • The Arabness of Lebanon[23]
  • Lebanon Between East and West[24]
  • Political Tendencies in Lebanon[25]
  • The Two Mandates in Iraq and Syria[26]
  • Arab Convoys and Processions Through the Ages (two parts)[27][28]
  • The Missing Link in the History of the Arabs[29][30]
  • Arabism and Modern Populism[31]
  • A Modern Free World[32]
  • Arab Unity Between the Tides[33][34]
  • The First Sultans of Turkey[35]
  • Arabs and Turks in the Conflict Between East and West[36]
  • The Philosophy of the History of Muhammad[37]
  • Study and Analysis of the Original Arab Era[38]
  • Women in Islam and Western Civilization[39]

Further reading[edit]

  • Historian Muhammad Jamil Beyhem (1887–1978) by Hassan Hallaq[40]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "ISNI 0000000118730114 Baihum, Muḥammad Ǧamīl ( 1887–1978 )". www.isni.org.
  2. ^ a b c السيد, فؤاد صالح (April 14, 2020). أعظم الأحداث المعاصرة ( 1900 – 2014 م )،. Al Manhal. ISBN 9796500148564. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  3. ^ ""محمد جميل بيهم"،". www.goodreads.com. April 14, 2020.
  4. ^ ""أرشيف المجلات الأدبية والثقافية"". archive.alsharekh.org. April 6, 2020.
  5. ^ ""محمد جميل بيهم"". www.abjjad.com. Archived from the original on 2020-04-14. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  6. ^ Najem, Tom; Amore, Roy C.; Abu Khalil, As'ad (2021). Historical Dictionary of Lebanon. Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East (2nd ed.). Lanham Boulder New York London: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 51. ISBN 978-1-5381-2043-9.
  7. ^ ""بيّهم، محمد جميل"". البعلبكي, منير. April 14, 2020. Archived from the original on 2012-07-08.
  8. ^ المؤرخ العلامة محمد جميل بيهم 1887 – 1978: من رواد النهضة السياسية والإجتماعية والفكرية في لبنان والعالم العربي، بيروت. April 14, 2020. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  9. ^ ""inauthor:"محمد جميل بيهم"". www.google.com.lb.
  10. ^ "خير الدين, الزركلي، "بَيْهُم"". December 13, 2019.[permanent dead link]
  11. ^ a b ""شبكة الرحاب – رحاب لبنان – شخصيات لبنانية – محمد جميل بيهم"". www.alre7ab.com.
  12. ^ ""تاريخ الإنتخابات النيابية من الاستانة إلى الدوحة (6)"". April 14, 2020.
  13. ^ ""الوردة الدمشقية ، نازك العابد .. رائدة تحرر المرأة السورية – ديوان العرب"". www.diwanalarab.com. April 14, 2020.
  14. ^ المرأة في التاريخ والشرائع،. OCLC 21242210 – via OCLC 21242210.
  15. ^ المرأة في حضارة العرب. OCLC 6258753 – via OCLC 6258753.
  16. ^ ""المرأة في حضارة العرب"". www.goodreads.com. April 14, 2020.
  17. ^ Falsafat al-tārīkh al-'Uthmānī. April 14, 2020. OCLC 225293466.
  18. ^ ""فلسفة التاريخ العثماني"". www.goodreads.com. April 14, 2020.
  19. ^ فتاة الشرق في حضارة الغرب: تطور الفكر العربي في موضوع المرأة خلال القرن العشرين،. OCLC 30781704 – via OCLC 30781704.
  20. ^ فتاة الشرق في حضارة الغرب: تطور الفكر العربي في موضوع المرأة خلال القرن العشرين. OCLC 9669274 – via OCLC 9669274.
  21. ^ سورية ولبنان، 1918–1922. OCLC 22206172 – via OCLC 22206172،.
  22. ^ Sūrīyah wa-Lubnān. OCLC 249886143 – via OCLC 249886143.
  23. ^ Muḥammad Jamīl (1969)، ʻUrūbat Lubnān: taṭawwuruhā fī al-qadīm wa-al-ḥadīth،. OCLC 11101712 – via OCLC 11101712.
  24. ^ Lubnān: bayna al-Musharriq wa-Mugharrib 1920–1969. April 14, 2020. OCLC 9340703 – via OCLC 9340703.
  25. ^ Al-nazaʻāt al-siyāsīyah bi-Lubnān: ahd al-intidāb wa-al-iḥtilāl 1918–1945. April 14, 2020. OCLC 43900424 – via OCLC 43900424.
  26. ^ جميل, بيهم، محمد (April 14, 2020). "الانتدابان في العراق وسورية: انكلترا-فرنسا". بيهم، محمد (1931).
  27. ^ قوافل العروبة وموكبها خلال العصور. April 14, 2020. OCLC 43746018 – via OCLC 43746018.
  28. ^ Qawāfil al-ʻUrūbah wa-mawakibuhā. April 14, 2020. OCLC 23522808 – via OCLC 23522808.
  29. ^ الحلقة المفقودة فى تاريخ العرب. OCLC 21064319 – via OCLC 21064319.
  30. ^ ""الحلقة المفقودة في تاريخ العرب"". www.goodreads.com. April 14, 2020.
  31. ^ العروبة والشعوبيات الحديثة،. OCLC 23514675 – via OCLC 23514675.
  32. ^ عالم حر جديد في آسيا وافريقيا والوطن العربي. OCLC 10293557 – via OCLC 10293557.
  33. ^ Waḥdah al-ʻArabīyah bayna al-madd wa-al-jazr wa-al-ʻArab bayna al-taqārub wa-al-tabāʻud: 1868–1972. OCLC 21626431 – via OCLC 21626431،.
  34. ^ ""الوحدة العربية بين المد والجزر 1868–1972"". www.goodreads.com.
  35. ^ جميل،, بيهم، محمد (1931). "اوليات سلاطين تركيا: المدنية والاجتماعية والسياسية". بيهم، محمد (1931).
  36. ^ بيهم, محمد جميل (1957). "العرب والترك فى الصراع بين الشرق والغرب". محمد جميل (1957).
  37. ^ دراسة وتحليل للعهد العربي الأصيل. OCLC 23511972 – via OCLC 23511972،.
  38. ^ دراسة وتحليل للعهد العربي الأصيل. OCLC 23511972.
  39. ^ المرأة في الإسلام وفي الحضارة الغربية. OCLC 13109733 – via OCLC 13109733.
  40. ^ "المؤرخ العلامة محمد جميل بيهم 1887_1978 – حسان حلاق،" (in Arabic). May 19, 2017.
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