George Kitching
George Kitching | |
|---|---|
 Major General George Kitching in 1956. | |
| Born | 9 September 1910 Guangzhou, China |
| Died | 15 June 1999 (aged 88) Canada |
| Allegiance |  United Kingdom Canada |
| Service/ |  British Army Canadian Army |
| Years of service | 1929−1938 1939−1965 |
| Rank | Major-General |
| Unit | Gloucestershire Regiment The Royal Canadian Regiment |
| Commands held | The Loyal Edmonton Regiment 11th Canadian Infantry Brigade 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division 13th Canadian Infantry Brigade |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
| Awards | Commander of the Order of the British Empire Distinguished Service Order[1] Military Cross |
Major-General George Kitching (9 September 1910 − 15 June 1999) CBE, DSO, CD was a senior Canadian Army officer who saw active service in World War II.
Early life and military career[edit]
George Kitching was born on 9 September 1910 in Guangzhou (Canton), China. He died on 15 June 1999 in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. He was the guest of Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld a couple of days before when he fell ill. He never recovered.[2]
Kitching received his military training at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst in the United Kingdom, joining the Gloucestershire Regiment.[3] The British Army gave him several postings in Asia, including Singapore, Malaya and India. In 1938 he resigned his commission in order to join the Canadian Army.
In 1939 he joined The Royal Canadian Regiment in the Canadian Army. He was appointed to several positions before attending Staff College, Camberley to become a senior officer. Again he held several positions, mainly at the staff of Headquarters 1st Canadian Division and Headquarters I Canadian Corps, before he got his first command in August 1942. Within a few months he was back at the Headquarters of the 1st Canadian Division for the preparations of the invasions of Sicily and Italy. In November 1943 he was promoted to brigadier to command the 11th Canadian Infantry Brigade, followed by the 4th Canadian Armoured Division.
Normandy and after[edit]
Kitching brought the division to Normandy where they were involved in the battle around the Falaise Pocket, in the final stages of the Battle of Normandy. According to the historian Angelo Caravaggio, Kitching was then victimized for the poor performance of the division in Normandy. Caravaggio claims that essential contemporary sources were altered after the sacking of Kitching and are therefore unreliable.[4] To him it seemed that Lieutenant-General Guy Simonds, commanding II Canadian Corps, stripped his sub-commanders of authority,[5] did not take the lack of experience into account and expected unrealistic results.[6] Kitching could hardly command his own division due to the constant interference from Simonds.[7][8] Caravaggio comes to the conclusion that Kitching and his inexperienced division performed very well under the difficult circumstances and confusing orders they had to work in.[9] But the historian Antony Beevor describes Kitching as lethargic and incompetent and mentions a "lack of drive" demonstrated by the 4th Armoured.[10]
The result of the battle was that Kitching was demoted to brigadier and sent off to command a training unit. Charles Foulkes, commander of I Canadian Corps, had more confidence in his abilities and brought him in as Brigadier, General Staff. He was involved in all operations of the I Canadian Corps until the surrender of the German Forces in the Netherlands.
After the war he stayed in the military until 1965. He held in that time positions including Quartermaster General and Director General of Army Personnel. In 1956 he was promoted to major-general for the second time in his career.
Senior Positions Held[edit]
| From | To | Unit | Role | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01-08-1942 | 13-12-1942 | The Edmonton Regiment (1st Canadian Infantry Division) | Officer Commanding | Lieutenant-Colonel |
| 14-12-1942 | 30-10-1943 | 1st Canadian Infantry Division HQ | General Staff Officer 1 | Lieutenant-Colonel |
| 01-11-1943 | 13-02-1944 | 11th Canadian Infantry Brigade | Officer Commanding | Brigadier |
| 01-03-1944 | 21-08-1944 | 4th Canadian Armoured Division | General Officer Commanding | Major-General |
| 29-08-1944 | 23-10-1944 | 13th Canadian Infantry Brigade | Officer Commanding | Brigadier |
| 12-11-1944 | 01-07-1945 | I Canadian Corps | Brigadier General Staff | Brigadier |
Post Military[edit]
Kitching served as head of the LCBO from 1970 to 1984.
Trivia[edit]
- Kitching is a former patron and member of the Board of Trustees of Lester B. Pearson College in Victoria.[11]
Books[edit]
- Mud and Green Fields: The Memoirs of Major-General George Kitching (1986)
Notes[edit]
- ^ "No. 36232". The London Gazette (Supplement). 2 November 1943. p. 4847.
- ^ "Major-general George Kitching, CBE, DSO, CD" (PDF). The Army Doctrine and Training Bulletin. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
- ^ "No. 33639". The London Gazette. 29 August 1930. p. 5361.
- ^ Caravaggio, 2002, p. 2
- ^ Caravaggio, 2002, p. 5, 6
- ^ Caravaggio, 2002, p. 4
- ^ Caravaggio, 2002, p. 3
- ^ Caravaggio, 2002, p. 4/5
- ^ Caravaggio, 2002, p. 14
- ^ Beevor 2009, pp. 430, 467.
- ^ History of the Board
References[edit]
- Beevor, Antony (2009). D-Day: The Battle for Normandy. London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-670-88703-3.
- Caravaggio, Angelo (2002), "A Re-evaluation of Generalship: Lieutenant-General Guy Simonds and Major-General George Kitching in Normandy 1944" (PDF), Canadian Military History, vol. 11, no. 4, Wilfrid Laurier University, archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2012
- N. Caravaggio, Angelo (2016). 21 Days in Normandy: Major General George Kitching and the 4th Canadian Armoured Division. Pen and Sword Books. ISBN 978-1473870710.
External links[edit]
- Major-general George Kitching, CBE, DSO, CD
- Major-General George Kitching
- Video in memory of major-general Kitching on YouTube
- Generals of World War II
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
- 1910 births
- 1999 deaths
- Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley
- People from Guangzhou
- Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
- National War College alumni
- Canadian Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
- Canadian Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
- History of Wageningen
- Gloucestershire Regiment officers
- Canadian Army generals of World War II
- Royal Canadian Regiment officers
- Canadian generals
- 20th-century British Army personnel