ERGIC2
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment protein 2 (ERGIC2) [5] is a gene located on human chromosome 12p11. It encodes a protein of 377 amino acid residues. ERGIC2 protein is also known as PTX1, CDA14 or Erv41.
Function[edit]
The biological function of ERGIC2 protein is unknown, although it was initially identified as a candidate tumor suppressor of prostate cancer,[6] and has been shown to induce cell growth arrest and senescence, to suppress colony formation in soft agar, and to decrease invasive potential of human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3 cells).[7] It is now believed to be a chaperon molecule involved in protein trafficking between the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) and Golgi.
Structure and interactions[edit]
The protein contains two hydrophobic transmembrane domains that help anchoring the molecule on the ER membrane, such that its large luminal domain orients inside the ER lumen and both the N- and C-termini are facing the cytosol. ERGIC2 forms a complex with two other proteins, ERGIC3 and ERGIC32, resulting in a shuttle for protein trafficking between ER and Golgi.[8] It has been shown to interact with a number of proteins, such as beta-amyloid,[9] protein elongation factor 1alpha,[10] and otoferlin.[11] Therefore, it may play an important role in cellular functions besides of being a component of a protein trafficking shuttle. More recently, a variant transcript of ERGIC2 has been reported.[12] It has a deletion of four bases at the junction of exons 8 and 9, resulting a frame-shift mutation after codon #189. The variant transcript encodes a truncated protein of 215 residues, which loses 45% of the luminal domain and the transmembrane domain near the C-terminus. This effectively abrogates its function as a protein transporter. A similar variant is also reported in armadillo. So this is not a random mutation. The function of this truncated protein is unknown.
References[edit]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000087502 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030304 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: ERGIC2 ERGIC and golgi 2".
- ^ Kwok SC, Liu X, Daskal I (2001). "Molecular cloning, expression, localization, and gene organization of PTX1, a human nuclear protein that is downregulated in prostate cancer". DNA Cell Biol. 20 (6): 349–57. doi:10.1089/10445490152122460. PMID 11445006.
- ^ Liu X, Daskal I, Kwok SC (2003). "Effects of PTX1 expression on growth and tumorigenicity of the prostate cancer cell line PC-3". DNA Cell Biol. 22 (7): 469–74. doi:10.1089/104454903322247343. PMID 12932305.
- ^ Breuza L, Halbeisen R, Jenö P, et al. (2004). "Proteomics of endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) membranes from brefeldin A-treated HepG2 cells identifies ERGIC-32, a new cycling protein that interacts with human Erv46". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (45): 47242–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M406644200. PMID 15308636.
- ^ Nelson TJ, Alkon DL (2007). "Protection against beta-amyloid-induced apoptosis by peptides interacting with beta-amyloid". J Biol Chem. 282 (43): 31238–49. doi:10.1074/jbc.M705558200. PMID 17761669.
- ^ Yang YF, Chou MY, Fan CY, Chen SF, Lyu PC, Liu CC, Tseng TL (2008). "The possible interaction of CDA14 and protein elongation factor 1alpha". Biochim Biophys Acta. 1784 (2): 312–8. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2007.10.006. PMID 17980171.
- ^ Zak M, Breß A, Brandt N, Franz C, Ruth P, Pfister M, Knipper M, Blin N (2012). "Ergic2, a brain specific interacting partner of otoferlin". Cell Physiol Biochem. 29 (5–6): 941–8. doi:10.1159/000188338. PMID 22613993.
- ^ Kwok SC, Kumar S, Dai G (2014). "Characterization of a variant ERGIC2 transcript". DNA Cell Biol. 33 (2): 73–78. doi:10.1089/dna.2013.2225. PMID 24303950.
Further reading[edit]
- Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
- Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
- Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- Kwok SC, Liu X, Mangel P, Daskal I (2006). "PTX1(ERGIC2)-VP22 fusion protein upregulates interferon-beta in prostate cancer cell line PC-3". DNA Cell Biol. 25 (9): 523–9. doi:10.1089/dna.2006.25.523. PMID 16989575.
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