Socrates Villegas

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Sócrates B. Villegas

Archbishop of Lingayen-Dagupan
Archbishop Socrates Villegas during the third day of the Saint Thomas Aquinas Double Jubilee Retreat at UST, circa 2024.
ProvinceLingayen-Dagupan
SeeLingayen-Dagupan
AppointedSeptember 8, 2009
In officeNovember 4, 2009–present
PredecessorOscar V. Cruz
SuccessorIncumbent
Other post(s)Chairman, CBCP Episcopal Commission on Seminaries (2019–present)
Orders
OrdinationOctober 5, 1985
by Jaime Sin
ConsecrationAugust 31, 2001
by Jaime Sin
Personal details
Born
Sócrates Buenaventura Villegas

(1960-09-28) September 28, 1960 (age 63)
Pateros, Rizal, Philippines
NationalityFilipino
OccupationArchbishop, Priest
Previous post(s)
MottoPax
(Latin for 'Peace' – Psalm 46:9)
Coat of armsSócrates B. Villegas's coat of arms
Styles of
Sócrates Villegas
Reference styleThe Most Reverend
Spoken styleYour Excellency
Religious styleArchbishop

Sócrates "Soc" Buenaventura Villegas O.P. (born September 28, 1960)[1] is a Filipino prelate, and a professed member of the Dominican Order,[2] He is the current Archbishop of Lingayen-Dagupan in Pangasinan, and is the former president of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines, from December 1, 2013[3] to December 1, 2017, when he finished his second and final term as president of the said conference.[4] He was also the vice president of the episcopal conference from 2011 to 2013.

Prior to his installation as Archbishop of Lingayen-Dagupan on November 4, 2009, Villegas previously served as rector of EDSA Shrine from December 8, 1989 to July 3, 2004, Auxiliary Bishop of Manila from 2001 to July 2004, and third Bishop of Balanga in Bataan from May 3, 2004 to November 4, 2009 succeeding Honesto Ongtioco who became Bishop of Cubao in Quezon City on August 28, 2003.

Family and education[edit]

The youngest of the three children of Emiliano Villegas and Norma Buenaventura both from Pateros, he was born on September 28, 1960 when the town is still part of Rizal province.

He went through basic education at the Pateros Elementary School, Pateros Catholic School and Colegio de San Juan de Letran. He studied for the priesthood at San Carlos Seminary with a degree Master of Arts in Theological Studies.

Ministry[edit]

1985–2001: Priesthood[edit]

He was ordained priest on October 5, 1985, and bishop on August 31, 2001, by Cardinal Jaime Sin whom he served as private secretary for fifteen years and as Vicar General for 13 years. He then became the first Rector of the EDSA Shrine and Vicar General of the Archdiocese of Manila in concurrent capacity.

2001–2004: Auxiliary Bishop of Manila[edit]

Appointed auxiliary bishop of Manila on July 25, 2001, he was ordained to the episcopacy on August 31, 2001, until his transfer to Balanga on July 3, 2004. Before his election as president of the bishops' conference, he was Bishop Chairman of the Episcopal Commission for Catechesis and Catholic Education. He is the current Bishop Chairman of the Episcopal Commission for Seminaries since 2019 until 2026.

2004–2009: Bishop of Balanga[edit]

Villegas was named as third Bishop of Balanga on May 3, 2004 by Pope John Paul II. He continued to hold the position as priest of the Archdiocese of Manila and rector of EDSA Shrine while holding the position as bishop-elect until his installation as the diocese's third bishop in July 3, 2004.

During his tenure as Bishop of Balanga, he saw that the cathedral's decorations were in bad shape; he renovated the inside with a new design. When it was finished, the white walls were replaced by a wall of bricks, the structure behind the altar became marble white, the floors were higher, the lectern bearing the coat of arms of diocese of Balanga was replaced with the one with Holy Spirit, and the chandeliers were replaced by ceiling lights.

In 2008, 15 life-size images of saints with their names were added outside the cathedral representing the patron saints from the 11 towns and 1 city of Bataan where the Diocese of Balanga has jurisdiction with and a few towns have multiple saints.

On December 8, 2008, Clinica Diocesano de San Jose, the diocese's clinic, was founded which is a weekly medical and dental mission for the poor people of Bataan.

Few months before he became archbishop of Lingayen-Dagupan in Pangasinan on November 2009, images featuring the ancestors of Jesus and image of Jesus Christ at the cathedral's dome were added.

On November 4, 2009, he held his final mass as Bishop of Balanga as a preparation for ending his tenure as the diocese's bishop and becoming archbishop of Lingayen-Dagupan in Pangasinan.[5]

2009–present: Archbishop of Lingayen-Dagupan[edit]

Pope Benedict XVI named Villegas as archbishop of Lingayen-Dagupan on September 8, 2009, to succeed Oscar Cruz. He was then installed the archdiocese's archbishop on November 4, 2009, ending his 5 years, 6 months, and 1 day tenure as Bishop of Balanga.

Due to the sudden death of San Fernando de La Union Bishop Artemio Rillera, he became the Apostolic Administrator of the said vacant See from November 13, 2011 to January 19, 2013, in a concurrent capacity.

He was the Chairman of the Episcopal Commission for Catechesis and Catholic Education of the CBCP from 2003 until 2012 and formerly a member of the Presidential Committee of the Pontifical Council for the Family. He is currently the Chairman of the CBCP Episcopal Commission for Seminaries.

He joined the Order of Preachers.[6] He is a chaplain of the Order of Malta and the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre.

He was a synodal father in the Synod of Bishops of 2012 and 2014. He is a member of the Council of the papal foundation Aid to the Church in Need.

As of February 2021, he has ordained 234 deacons and 210 priests since his episcopal ordination. In the Archdiocese of Lingayen Dagupan, he has decreed the creation of twelve new parishes and nine quasi parishes, since his installation as archbishop on November 4, 2009, by opening the archdiocese to the missionary presence of religious priests.

He opened the first diocesan theology seminary in northern Philippines in 2013 called Mary Help of Christians Theology Seminary which grants civil master's degrees in theology and pastoral ministry.

Civic involvement[edit]

In the secular field, he was one of the Ten Outstanding Young Men of the Philippines in the year 2000 and a Catholic Authors Awardee in 1994. The Bataan Peninsula State University conferred upon him a Doctor of Humanities degree honoris causa in recognition of his work for the Province of Bataan. He authored ten books of homilies and spiritual meditations since he was priest of the Archdiocese of Manila until now. In January 2023, Saint Louis University in Baguio City conferred on him the degree of Doctor of Philosophy honoris causa in recognition of his contribution to the field of social philosophy and ethics.

Activity[edit]

He is a member of Dominican Clerical Fraternity of the Philippines (DCFP), the Sovereign Military Order of Malta and the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem. He was the CEO of the Tenth World Youth Day held in Manila in 1995 and the Fourth World Meeting of Families in 2002.

In August 2005, Villegas told Filipino Catholics that they "cannot participate in any way or even attend religious or legal ceremonies that celebrate and legitimize homosexual unions".[7]

Political involvement[edit]

Villegas' views on social and political issues in the Philippines have not been without controversy, mainly regarding high-profile issues such as the Reproductive Health Bill, the re-imposition of death penalty (long-opposed by the Catholic Church),[8] human rights violations, extrajudicial killings under the Duterte administration, and the burial of dictator Ferdinand Marcos at the Libingan ng mga Bayani (Heroes' Cemetery).[9][10]

Following the 31st Anniversary of the 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution on February 25, 2017, Villegas published a 'letter' to his mentor, Cardinal Jaime Sin, where he denounced corruption, extrajudicial killings, and the restoration of the Marcos family to political power under the Duterte administration. Villegas lamented that "the dictator ousted by People Power is now buried among heroes. The Lady of one thousand two hundred pairs of shoes is now Representative in Congress."[11] Villegas' remarks were criticized by Duterte's daughter, then-Davao City mayor and now Vice President Sara Duterte-Carpio, who described Villegas as "worse than a hundred President Dutertes".[12]

On July 19, 2019, the PNPCriminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG) filed charges against Villegas and members of the opposition for "sedition, cyber libel, libel, estafa, harboring a criminal, and obstruction of justice".[13][14] Members of the opposition, as well as local and international human rights groups including Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, denounced the charges as a politically motivated move intended to silence criticism of Duterte and his presidency.[15][16][17] The charges were eventually dropped because of lack of evidence.[18]

In regards to vote buying, Villegas expressed the position that a voters who accept money from people to vote for certain politicians may not be necessarily committing a sin – if the voter does not fulfill their agreement even if they accept the money.[19]

Due to the non-renewal of broadcast franchise application of ABS-CBN, Villegas expressed that the network's issues could have been dealt in with proper proceedings.[20] In October 2023, Villegas publicly stated that the International Criminal Court investigators should be allowed to probe into allegations of human rights abuses in Duterte's war on drugs.[21]

Coat of arms[edit]

Coat of arms of Socrates Villegas
Adopted
November 4, 2009
Helm
Archbishop's Galero
The shield is surmounted by the archbishop's galero or ecclesiastical hat of this rank with ten tassels for each side in Vert (green) that signifies the rank of an Archbishop. It also has a pallium signifying the title of a metropolitan archbishop.
Escutcheon
From 2009: Parted per fess: The nimbed silver (argent) eagle is the symbol of Saint John the Apostle and Evangelist, the titular of the cathedral at Dagupan. The three gold (or) Oriental crowns represent the Three Wise Kings, the titular of the co-cathedral at Lingayen. The red (gules) wavy pile represents Lingayen Gulf. The green (vert) field represents the "rice-bowl" of the Philippines, the whole of Pangasinan and Nueva Ecija. The three heraldic roses represent our Lady whose shrine in Manaoag is the jewel of the archdiocese; Impaled with a shield tierced per fess: Blessed Mother's mantle of blue (azure), white (argent) diagonal line with barbed wire, and silhouette of San Carlos Borromeo on a red (gules) background.
Motto
PAX
"Peace" The motto was taken from John 20:19 ("On the evening of that first day of the week, when the disciples were together, with the doors locked for fear of the Jewish leaders, Jesus came and stood among them and said, “Peace be with you!"), Luke 10:5 ("When you enter a house, first say, ‘Peace to this house."), and Matthew 5:9 ("Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God.").
Other elements
Archbishop's Cross
The shield is also surmounted by an archbishop's cross, symbolizing the archbishop's dignity.
Symbolism
The Marian symbol "M" represents the archbishop's devotion and dedication to the Blessed Virgin Mary. The Blessed Mother's mantle of blue is his source of consolation and peace in all the challenges of his life.
The diagonal line with barbed wire symbolizes the EDSA People Power Revolution of 1986 and 2001 which are historical events that shaped his pastoral ministry and to the heroic struggle of the Filipinos during World War II. The white background symbolizes the archbishop's involvement for the cause of peace.
The silhouette of San Carlos Borromeo on a red background is the patron of San Carlos Seminary of the Archdiocese of Manila, where he studied for the priesthood. Red also signifies the cardinal's color, referring to his love and esteem to the former Archbishop of Manila, Cardinal Jaime Sin.
Previous versions

July 3, 2004–July 8, 2010 (as Bishop of Balanga (July 3, 2004–November 4, 2009) and placeholder used by the Diocese of Balanga during sede vacante period (November 4, 2009–July 8, 2010)

References[edit]

  1. ^ "MOST REV. SOCRATES B. VILLEGAS, D.D." CBCP Online. Retrieved June 16, 2010.
  2. ^ "CBCP head joins Dominican order". Retrieved March 11, 2022.
  3. ^ "Soc Villegas elected new CBCP president | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  4. ^ "Archbishop Valles is new CBCP president | CBCPNews". CBCPNews. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  5. ^ Ernie Esconde (November 4, 2009). "Soc says farewell Mass in Bataan". Retrieved July 15, 2023.
  6. ^ "CBCP head, San Fernando bishop join Dominican Order -". June 12, 2015. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
  7. ^ "Philippines archbishop orders Catholics not to take any part in gay marriages". August 31, 2015.
  8. ^ News, ABS-CBN. "'Death penalty shameful for Catholic Philippines'". {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  9. ^ "Cardinal Sin's protegé on Marcos burial: 'An insult'".
  10. ^ News, ABS-CBN. "'Never forget': CBCP gives blessing to Marcos burial rallies". {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  11. ^ "CBCP president Villegas writes letter to late Cardinal Sin about PHL 'nightmare'". GMA News. February 23, 2017.
  12. ^ "Sara Duterte tells CBCP's Soc Villegas: Dad knows spirit of EDSA more than you do".
  13. ^ "Robredo, ilang taga-oposisyon kinasuhan ng PNP-CIDG ukol sa 'Bikoy' videos". ABS-CBN News (in Tagalog).
  14. ^ "Sedition raps: Solons, bishop hit 'stupid' PNP". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved July 20, 2019.
  15. ^ "Critics of Philippines' Duterte Hit Back at Sedition, Libel Accusations". Wall Street Journal. July 19, 2019.
  16. ^ "Philippines: Drop Sedition Cases Against Duterte Critics". Human Rights Watch. July 23, 2019.
  17. ^ "Philippines: Drop Malicious Case Against Government Critics". Amnesty International. September 13, 2019. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  18. ^ "Sedition charges dropped against 4 bishops in Philippines". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  19. ^ Ramirez, Robertzon (October 30, 2021). "Archbishop Soc: Selling your vote not a sin if…". The Philippine Star. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  20. ^ CBCP News (July 12, 2020). "'No one wins' in ABS-CBN shutdown — bishop". Retrieved April 10, 2023.
  21. ^ Locus, Sundy (October 26, 2023). "Archbishop Villegas: Philippines should allow entry of ICC probers". GMA News Online. Archived from the original on October 26, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.

External links[edit]

Catholic Church titles
New title Rector of EDSA Shrine
December 8, 1989–July 3, 2004
Succeeded by
Victor Y. Apacible
Preceded by Bishop of Balanga
May 3, 2004–November 4, 2009
Succeeded by
Preceded by Archbishop of Lingayen–Dagupan
November 4, 2009–present
Incumbent
Preceded by CBCP President
December 1, 2013–November 30, 2017
Succeeded by