Singapore Airlines

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Singapore Airlines
IATA ICAO Callsign
SQ SIA SINGAPORE
Founded1 May 1947; 76 years ago (1947-05-01)
(as Malayan Airways)
Commenced operations1 October 1972; 51 years ago (1972-10-01)
(as Singapore Airlines)
HubsChangi Airport
Frequent-flyer program
AllianceStar Alliance
Subsidiaries
Fleet size159
Destinations81[1]
Parent companyTemasek Holdings (55%)[2]
Traded asSGX: C6L
HeadquartersAirline House, Changi, Singapore
Key people
RevenueIncrease S$17.77 billion (2023)
Operating incomeIncrease S$2.69 billion (2023)
Net incomeIncrease S$2.16 billion (2023)
Total assetsIncrease S$49.10 billion (2023)
Total equityDecrease S$19.86 billion (2023)
EmployeesIncrease 14,803 (2023)
Websitewww.singaporeair.com
Notes
Financials for fiscal year 1 April 2022 – 31 March 2023.[3]

Singapore Airlines (abbreviation: SIA or SQ) is the flag carrier of Singapore with its hub located at Changi Airport, and a member of the Star Alliance. The airline is notable for highlighting the Singapore Girl as its central figure in the corporate branding segment.[4] Widely renowned as one of the best carriers, the airline is ranked as a 5-star airline by Skytrax,[5] and it has also been ranked as the world's best airline five times.[6] The airline operates a variety of Airbus and Boeing aircraft, namely the A350, A380, Boeing 737, Boeing 747 Freighter, Boeing 777 and Boeing 787.

Singapore Airlines Group has more than 20 subsidiaries, including numerous airline-related subsidiaries. SIA Engineering Company handles maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) business across nine countries with a portfolio of 27 joint ventures including with Boeing and Rolls-Royce. Singapore Airlines Cargo operates SIA's freighter fleet and manages the cargo-hold capacity in SIA's passenger aircraft.[7] Scoot, a wholly owned subsidiary, operates as a low-cost carrier.

Singapore Airlines was the first to put the Airbus A380—the world's largest passenger aircraft—as well as the Boeing 787-10 into service, and is the only operator of the ultra-long-range (ULR) version of the Airbus A350-900. It ranks amongst the top 15 carriers worldwide in terms of revenue passenger kilometres[8] and is ranked tenth in the world for international passengers carried.[9] Singapore Airlines was voted as the Skytrax World's Best Airline Cabin Crew 2019.[10] The airline has also won the second and fourth positions as the World's Best Airlines[11] and World's Cleanest Airlines respectively in 2019.[12] In 2023, the airline for the fifth time took the prize of "Best Airline" as well as the "Best First Class Airline" by Skytrax.[13]

History[edit]

Corporate affairs[edit]

Singapore Airlines is majority-owned by the Singapore government investment and holding company Temasek Holdings, which held 55% of voting stock as of 31 March 2020.[14]

The Singapore government, which holds a golden share via the country's Ministry of Finance, has stressed its non-involvement in the management of the company, a point emphasised by Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew when he said the Singapore Changi Airport's front-runner status as an aviation hub is more important than the SIA.[15] However, he was personally involved in easing tensions between the company and its pilots in the early 2000s,[16] warned the airline to cut costs, and made public his advice to the airline to divest from its subsidiary companies.[17]

Singapore Airlines is headquartered at Airline House,[18] a former hangar at the Changi Airport in Singapore.[19]

Business trends[edit]

The key trends for Singapore Airlines are (as of the financial year ending 31 March):[a]

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Revenue (S$ m) 11,739 12,070 12,387 12,479 12,418 11,686 11,094 12,807 13,144 13,012 3,478 7,068 15,590
Net profit (S$ m) 1,011 390 −694 538 540 672 514 1,324 779 −283 −3,183 −314 2,218
Number of employees 13,588 13,893 14,156 14,240 14,040 13,983 14,423 15,620 15,943 16,760 15,790 14,526 14,803
Number of passengers (m) 16.6 17.1 18.2 18.6 18.7 19.0 18.9 19.5 20.7 20.9 0.4 3.3 18.1
Passenger load factor (%) 78.5 77.4 79.3 78.9 78.5 79.6 79.0 81.1 83.1 81.9 13.4 32.6 85.8
Number of destinations[b] 64 63 63 63 60 60 61 62 63 66 47 69 74
Fleet size[b] 108 100 101 103 105 102 106 107 121 122 113 123 133
References [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32]

Branding[edit]

Branding and publicity efforts have revolved primarily around flight crew,[33][34] in contrast to most other airlines, who tend to emphasise aircraft and services in general. In particular, the promotion of its female flight attendants known as Singapore Girls has been widely successful and is a common feature in most of the airline's advertisements and publications.[35]

The Singapore Airlines logo is a bird, inspired by a dagger featured in regional folklore known as a silver kris or keris.[36] The kris is central in Singapore Airlines' branding, such as the SilverKris lounge and the KrisWorld entertainment system. The logo has remained unchanged since Singapore Airlines' inception from the split of Malaysia–Singapore Airlines, except for a minor tweak in 1987.[37]

Corporate livery[edit]

Boeing 737–100 in Malaysia-Singapore Airlines livery.
Boeing 747-200 in Singapore Airlines' second-generation livery.
Boeing 777-200ER in current-generation livery prior to the minor updates.
Airbus A350-900 in the current livery, This particular A350 has decals to celebrate Airbus' delivery of its 10,000th aircraft.

Original MSA livery (1966–1972)[edit]

In May 1966 Malaysian Airways (MAL) became Malaysia-Singapore Airlines (MSA).[38] The original MSA livery features a yellow MSA logo on the vertical stabiliser and a black nose, with a white and grey fuselage. All aircraft in this original livery have been repainted or retired.[citation needed]

Second-generation livery (1972–1987)[edit]

Following the spinoff of Malaysia Airlines, Singapore Airlines introduced a second-generation livery features a blue and yellow strip on the windows on the white fuselage, with the kris bird logo. The word "Singapore Airlines" was stylised in italics.

Third-generation livery (1987–present)[edit]

The current livery has only some minor changes, and the gold-blue color scheme and the bird logo have been retained. In the change to the current livery, the yellow rear fuselage was changed to metallic gold with a new orange line added above it. The same orange line was also added behind the bird logo. The font typeface of the word "Singapore Airlines" was modified.[citation needed]

However, in 2005, the livery received a minor update where the "Singapore Airlines" wording was enlarged and shifted closer towards the front of the aircraft, and the bird logo was also enlarged. The blue/gold sections of the tail is cut horizontally. The first set of windows are also no longer left out from the blue/gold/yellow strip. The engine logos were also subsequently removed a few years later.[citation needed]

Destinations[edit]

Singapore Airlines flies on five continents from its primary hub in Singapore.

After the Asian financial crisis in 1997, Singapore Airlines discontinued its routes to Berlin, Darwin, Cairns, Hangzhou, Kagoshima, and Sendai. Toronto was discontinued earlier, in 1992, due to a petition from Air Canada.[39] During the SARS outbreak in 2003–04, Singapore Airlines ceased flights to Brussels, Chicago, Las Vegas, Hiroshima, Kaohsiung, Madrid, Mauritius, Shenzhen, Surabaya, and Vienna.[40] Singapore Airlines discontinued flights to Vancouver and Amritsar in 2009,[41] and São Paulo in 2016.[42]

The airline has a key role in the Kangaroo Route, operating flights between Australia and the United Kingdom via Singapore. It flew 11.0% of all international traffic into and out of Australia in the month ended March 2008.[43] As of summer 2023, it operated more flights to Australia than any other country.[citation needed] Singapore Airlines also operated flights between Singapore and Wellington, New Zealand via Canberra until May 2018, when the intermediate stop was changed to Melbourne. This route was known as the Capital Express. The route was suspended in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Singapore Airlines has taken advantage of liberal bilateral aviation agreements between Singapore and Thailand, and with the United Arab Emirates, to offer more onward connections from Bangkok and Dubai, respectively.[citation needed]

In 2005 AirAsia, a low-cost carrier (LCC) based in Malaysia, accused Singapore Airlines of double standards, when it claimed that the Government of Singapore attempted to keep it out of the Singapore market, despite desiring to fly routes out of Australia itself.[44] In 2007 Singapore Airlines welcomed[45][46] the liberalisation of the Singapore-Kuala Lumpur route, previously restricted to Singapore Airlines and Malaysia Airlines under rules designed to protect the state-run airlines from competition for over three decades,[47][48] accounting for about 85% of the over 200 flight frequencies then operated.[49] A highly lucrative route for LCCs due to its short distance and heavy traffic as the fourth-busiest in Asia,[50][51] bringing Singapore Airline's capacity share on the route down to about 46.7%, Malaysia Airlines' down to 25.3%, and increase to 17.3% to the three LCCs now permitted on the route, and the remainder shared by three other airlines as of 22 September 2008.[52] Until 1 December 2008, Singapore Airlines operated six flights per day. Singapore Airlines operated four flights per day plans from 1 December 2008 when the route was completely opened, while its sister airline SilkAir also operated four flights per day.[53] Malaysia Airlines, the main opponent to the liberalisation of the route[54] and deemed to be the party that stands to lose the most, continued to codeshare with both Singapore Airlines and SilkAir on the route.

Singapore Airlines operated two of the longest flights in the world, both nonstop flights from Singapore to Los Angeles and Newark with Airbus A340-500 aircraft. All A340-500s were phased out in 2013 and nonstop flights to both destinations were terminated.[55] Nonstop service to Los Angeles was terminated on 20 October 2013 (the airline continues to serve Los Angeles from Singapore via Tokyo-Narita),[55] and the nonstop service to Newark was terminated on 23 November 2013 in favour of a Singapore-New York JFK route via Frankfurt.[55]

From 23 October 2016, Singapore Airlines resumed non-stop flights from Singapore to the United States, beginning with San Francisco. The route is flown by the A350-900 aircraft and includes Business, Premium Economy, and Economy classes.[56][57] This was followed by the resumption of non-stop flights to Newark and Los Angeles from 11 October 2018 and 2 November 2018, respectively, with the delivery of the Airbus A350-900ULRs, allowing the airline to operate two of the world's longest non-stop flights again.[57]

On 14 October 2015, Singapore Airlines announced plans to resume the world's longest non-stop flight between Singapore and New York – a 15,300 km (9,500 mi), 19-hour route that the airline had dropped in 2013.[58] A340-500 aircraft were formerly employed to serve this route until their retirement in 2013.[59] SIA resumed the route following the acquisition of new Airbus A350-900ULR aircraft on 18 October 2018.[59][60] At the time, Singapore Airlines Flights 21 and 22 was the longest scheduled route in the world.[61] It was suspended again in March 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic, and resumed in March 2022.[61]

On 9 November 2020, SIA relaunched the nonstop flights between Changi Airport and New York, but this time to John F. Kennedy International Airport, three times a week.[62] The route, Singapore Airlines Flights 23 and 24, is the longest scheduled flight in the world.

Codeshare agreements[edit]

Singapore Airlines codeshares with the following airlines:[63][64]

Fleet[edit]

Singapore Airlines operates a predominantly widebody fleet, until the second re-introduction of the Boeing 737 in March 2021 following the merger with SilkAir. The airline also operates Boeing 747-400F and Boeing 777F freighters. As of December 2023, there were 159 aircraft registered in the Singapore Airlines fleet, comprising 147 passenger aircraft and 12 freighters.[79]

On 16 May 2023, Singapore Airlines confirmed that it had cancelled orders for eight Boeing 737 MAX 8 aircraft and swapped an order for three 787-9s to three 787-10s.[80]

Current fleet[edit]

As of March 2024, Singapore Airlines operates the following aircraft:[79]

Singapore Airlines fleet
Aircraft In
service
Orders Passengers Notes
R F J P Y Total Refs
Airbus A350-900 56 2[81][82] 42 24 187 253 [83] Largest operator.[81]
40 263 303 [84]
Airbus A350-900ULR 7 67 94 161 [85] World's only operator.[86]
Airbus A380-800 12[87] 6 78 44 343 471 [88] Launch customer.[89]
Boeing 737-800 7 12 150 162 [90]
Boeing 737 MAX 8 16 13[91] 10 144 154 [92] 8 orders cancelled in May 2023.[91]
Boeing 777-300ER 23[93] 4 48 28 184 264 [94]
Boeing 777-9 31[95]
TBA
Expected deliveries to begin in 2025.[96]
11 orders converted from 787-10 to be delivered after March 2026.[97]
Boeing 787-10 22[98] 9 36 301 337 [99] Launch customer.[100]
2 orders transferred to Scoot.[101]
3 orders were converted from Scoot 787-9s in May 2023.[91]
Includes 9V-SCP, the 1000th Boeing 787 Dreamliner ever built.
Singapore Airlines Cargo fleet
Airbus A350F 7[102] Cargo Launch customer.[103]
Expected deliveries to begin in Q4 2025.[102]
Order with 5 options.[104]
To replace Boeing 747-400F.[105]
Boeing 747-400F 7 Cargo To be retired and replaced by Airbus A350F[105]
Boeing 777F 5 Cargo Operated for DHL Aviation[106][107]
Total 155 62

Gallery[edit]

Fleet development[edit]

Airbus A350[edit]

Singapore Airlines currently operates the world's longest commercial flights from Singapore to New York, and vice versa with the A350-900ULR

Singapore Airlines placed an order for thirty Airbus A350-900 aircraft in 2006, with another thirty ordered in 2013.[108] The airline took delivery of the first of the aircraft in February 2016[109] and flew its delivery flight to Singapore on 2 March.[110] The airline began operating regular A350 services on 9 May 2016.[111]

On 13 October 2015, Singapore Airlines announced that it had placed orders for seven Airbus A350-900ULR (Ultra-Long Range) aircraft, which will see the return of non-stop flights from Singapore to both New York and Los Angeles.[112] The first A350-900ULR was delivered to Singapore Airlines in the third quarter of 2018, allowing the non-stop flights to New York (Newark Liberty International Airport in New Jersey) to resume on 11 October 2018.[113] This was followed by a resumption of the non-stop flights to Los Angeles from 2 November 2018, with a new non-stop service to Seattle commencing in September 2019.[114]

A letter of intent for 7 A350 Freighters (with 5 options) announced on 15 December 2021, for delivery in Q4 2025.[115]

Airbus A380[edit]

Singapore Airlines Airbus A380-800 at Sydney Kingsford Smith International Airport, where it flew the world's first A380 flight to back in 2007.

Singapore Airlines became the first airline to operate the Airbus A380-800 on 25 October 2007, after a series of delays.[116][117] The airline placed orders for nineteen A380s with six options. The first flight was a return trip from Singapore to Sydney, with the flight designation SQ380 to signify the first commercial flight of the A380.[118] To mark this moment in aviation history, SIA auctioned all the tickets in a special agreement with eBay, beginning on 27 August 2007 for two weeks, and donated all the proceeds to charity.[119] Close to $1.3 million was raised for charity through the auction.[120]

In September 2009, the Airbus A380 marked a milestone with the airline when, with the tenth aircraft delivered, its fleet of A380s exceeded that of the Boeing 747-400 for the first time.[121]

The airline had also used the A380 to serve commemorative or seasonal flights. Singapore Airlines became the first to operate commercial A380 flights into Beijing from 2 to 8 August 2008 to meet higher passenger traffic during the Beijing Summer Olympic Games, and operated the A380 seasonally to Osaka in August 2012.[122] On 9 August 2015, a Singapore Airlines A380 took part in the Singapore National Day Parade as part of Singapore's 50th anniversary celebrations. The aircraft was painted with a special livery and operated a special Charity Flight on 29 May 2015.[123]

In 2012, Singapore Airlines agreed to order five more A380s, to be delivered from 2017.[124] They feature new Suites, Business Class and Economy cabins, as well as Premium Economy seats which were already being rolled out on existing A380s.[125] In 2016, the airline confirmed that one A380 would be returned to its leasing company in October 2017 at the end of its ten-year lease, with a decision still to be made regarding retention of four additional A380 aircraft whose leases expire between January and June 2018.[126] The first A380 was taken out of service in August 2017.[127]

In November 2020, the airline announced that it would retire seven additional Airbus A380s due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation, leaving 12 aircraft to operate in its fleet post-pandemic.[128] On 5 October 2021, two retired Airbus A380s were towed to Changi Exhibition Centre to be cut up for scrap.[129]

Boeing 737[edit]

Singapore Airlines operates two Boeing 737 variants - Boeing 737-800 and Boeing 737 MAX 8 - following the merger with SilkAir.[130]

Nine Boeing 737-800 joined the fleet with services to Phuket from 4 March 2021.[131] The aircraft were repainted into SIA's livery, without seat upgrades as 5 of the 9 737-800s were leased and is due to be replaced by MAX 8s by the time their lease expires.[132]

The existing six 737 MAX 8s that have been in service with SilkAir and the remaining 31 on order were transferred to Singapore Airlines. In all, Singapore Airlines will have 37 737 MAX 8s in the fleet. These planes will receive seat upgrades for economy class and will feature a new business class seat.

Boeing 747[edit]

Singapore Airlines Cargo was established as a separate airline in 2001 to operate Singapore Airlines' cargo aircraft. Singapore Airlines Cargo ceased operations in 2018 and its fleet of seven Boeing 747-400F freighters was subsequently transferred to Singapore Airlines.

Boeing 777[edit]

The first 777s to enter service with Singapore Airlines were 777-200ERs, with the first example delivered on 5 May 1997. While Singapore Airlines lists some of its 777-200ER jets as 777-200 aircraft, all of the supposed -200 series aircraft were all built with enhancements usually exclusive to the -200ER, with the single modification being the Trent 892 engines derated to the -884 spec used on the standard -200 aircraft, reducing the MTOW and thus aircraft fees at the airport when categorized by maximum takeoff weight (MTOW).[citation needed]

On 10 December 1998, Singapore Airlines took delivery of its first Boeing 777-300.[133] The airline announced the order of 19 Boeing 777-300ER aircraft in August 2004 with the order signed on 23 December 2004, during which an unused option for the Boeing 777 family was converted into an order for a Boeing 777-300ER.[citation needed] Singapore Airlines became the world's largest operator of the Boeing 777 when it took delivery of its 58th such aircraft, a Boeing 777-300, on 6 May 2005.[134] It has since been surpassed by Emirates, which as of November 2017 has 159 examples in its fleet.[135] The airline's Boeing 777-300ERs entered commercial service on 5 December 2006.[citation needed]

On 9 July 2013, Singapore Airlines, in collaboration with two design firms, James Park Associates and DesignworksUSA, unveiled the next generation of cabin products for First, Business, and Economy class, that entered service in newly delivered Boeing 777-300ERs.[136] The product was later extended to all Boeing 777-300ERs.[137] Singapore Airlines also introduced its new Premium Economy product on 9 August 2015 on the Boeing 777-300ER with the refits completed by the end of March 2019.[138]

On 11 March 2022, it was announced that Singapore Airlines would operate 5 Boeing 777 freighters on behalf of DHL Aviation. As part of the agreement, crew and maintenance will be provided by Singapore Airlines and SIA Engineering Company respectively.[139]

Boeing 787[edit]

Singapore Airlines was the launch customer of the Boeing 787-10

Singapore Airlines placed an order for 20 Boeing 787-9 aircraft in 2006, choosing it over the initial Airbus A350 design. Later in 2012, when Singapore Airlines ordered the Airbus A350 the 787-9 order was transferred to its low-cost subsidiary, Scoot.[140]

In 2013, Singapore Airlines placed a new order for 30 Boeing 787-10 aircraft.[141][142] On 8 February 2018, Singapore Airlines announced the Boeing 787-10 would initially be used on crew-training flights before commencing regular services in May 2018.[143][144][145][146] On 28 March 2018, the new regional cabin product was unveiled following the delivery of the first Boeing 787-10.[147]

In October 2018, Singapore Airlines converted two of its Boeing 787-10s on order to Boeing 787-8s and allocated the two aircraft to Scoot.[148]

Future fleet[edit]

Boeing 777X[edit]

On 9 February 2017, Singapore Airlines signed a letter of intent to purchase 39 aircraft - 20 Boeing 777-9Xs and an additional 19 Boeing 787-10s. The deal also includes options for 12 more aircraft. The proposed order, which is valued at US$13.8 billion based on published list prices, includes flexibility for the Singapore Airlines Group to substitute the 787-10 orders for other variants of the 787 family.[149][150][151][152][153] On 23 October 2017, the deal was finalised at the White House and was witnessed by Prime Minister of Singapore Lee Hsien Loong and U.S. President Donald Trump during a state visit. In February 2021, Singapore Airlines adjusted their 777-9 and 787-10 by reducing their 787 order by 14 and ordering an additional 11 777-9. This brings their overall orders for the 777X to 31 and 787-10 to 30. The Boeing 777-9s will be delivered to the airline from 2023 to 2024 financial year.[154][155]

Airbus A350F[edit]

On 15 December 2021, Singapore Airlines announced that it had purchased seven Airbus A350F freighters to succeed its seven Boeing 747-400Fs. The order contained options for five more A350Fs, and included the swap for existing orders of 15 A320neos and two A350-900s. With the first delivery expected in late 2025, Singapore Airlines would be the launch customer for the A350F.[156]

Historical fleet[edit]

Singapore Airlines historical fleet
Aircraft Total Introduced Retired Replacement Notes/references
Aérospatiale–BAC Concorde 1 1977 1980 None Operated solely with British Airways flight crews.
Co-operated with Singapore Airlines and British Airways cabin crews, and dually marketed by both airlines.[157]
Painted in Singapore Airlines' colours on the left side but never registered under a Singaporean operational certificate.
Airbus A300B4-200 8 1980 1985 Airbus A310
Airbus A310-200 6 1984 2000 Boeing 777-200ER
Airbus A310-300 17 1987 2005
Airbus A330-300 34 2009 2021 Boeing 787-10
Airbus A340-300 17 1996 2003 Boeing 777-200ER Two aircraft never entered service. Sold to Boeing.
Airbus A340-500 5 2003 2013 Airbus A350-900ULR Operated the world's longest flight from 2004 until retirement in 2013
Boeing 707-320B 4 1972 1980 Airbus A300B4-200 Transferred from former Malaysia–Singapore Airlines
Boeing 707-320C 6 1982
Boeing 727-200 6 1977 1985 Airbus A310
Boeing 737-100 5 1972 1980 Transferred from former Malaysia–Singapore Airlines
Boeing 737-300QC 1 1992 1996 None Converted freighter bearing the Singapore Airlines Cargo branding[158][159]
Boeing 747-200B 19 1973 1994 Boeing 747-400
Boeing 747-200C/M 1 1991 1992 None
Boeing 747-200F 3 1992 1995 Boeing 747-400F
Boeing 747-300 11 1983 2001 Boeing 747-400
Boeing 777-300
Boeing 747-300M 3 1986
Boeing 747-400 43 1989 2012 Airbus A380-800
Boeing 777-300ER
One written off as Flight 006
Boeing 757-200 4 1984 1990 Airbus A310-300
Boeing 777-200 31 1997 2021 Airbus A350-900
Boeing 777-200ER 15 2001
Boeing 777-300 12 1998
McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 7 1978 1983 Boeing 747-300 [160]
McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30CF 1 1979 1979 None Leased from Martinair
Singapore Airlines-British Airways joint Concorde (G-BOAD) at Heathrow Airport in 1980

Since 1937, the predecessors of Singapore Airlines operated the Airspeed Consul, Boeing 707, Boeing 737, Bristol Britannia, Douglas DC-3, Douglas DC-4, de Havilland Comet 4, Fokker F27 Friendship, Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation and the Vickers Viscount.

After its incorporation as Singapore Airlines Limited on 28 January 1972 after Malaysia–Singapore Airlines was split to form Malaysia Airlines and Singapore Airlines, the airline acquired seven Boeing 707s and five Boeing 737s from MSA on 30 September 1972.[161] Its first purchase since incorporation was for another second-hand Boeing 707 that was delivered on 1 October 1972.

The first Boeing 747-200 for the airline was delivered soon after on 31 July 1973, which also marked SIA's first direct delivery of a new aircraft. Boeing 727s were delivered from 30 August 1977, Boeing 747-300s from 29 April 1983, and Boeing 757s from 12 November 1984.[162]

Having exclusively purchased Boeings since 1972, in 1977 SIA placed an order for four McDonnell Douglas DC-10s.[163]

In 1979, the airline ordered A300B4s, its first aircraft from Airbus,[164] which joined the fleet the following year. Other Airbus models flown include the Airbus A310 from 1984 and the Airbus A340-300 from 26 October 1996.

In 1977, and from 1979 to 1980, British Airways operated a Concorde (G-BOAD) which was dual-liveried with Singapore Airlines' livery on the port side and British Airways' livery on the starboard side. It was used on the London to Singapore via Bahrain service. The service was withdrawn for financial reasons and complaints about noise from the Malaysian government.[157][165][166][167][168]

The airline ordered five McDonnell Douglas MD-11s on 16 January 1990, to operate long-haul routes with demand deemed too thin for the Boeing 747.[169][better source needed] When it was revealed that the MD-11's performance was below expectations in terms of range and fuel burn, the order was cancelled in favour of the Airbus A340-300. The cancellation was seen as particularly damaging to McDonnell Douglas due to the company's reputation.[170] Several years later Airbus, in turn, suffered a setback, however, when rival Boeing successfully negotiated to take SIA's existing A340-300 fleet as well as any still on order in exchange for ten orders for the Boeing 777 in 1999,[171] with Airbus calling the move an "act of desperation" on Boeing's part.[172][173][174]

In January 2009, Singapore Airlines received the first of an initial batch of 19 leased Airbus A330.[175] The aircraft were fitted with airline's then-latest cabin offerings in a two-class layout, with 30 seats in Business Class and 255 in Economy Class.[176] It was intended for the A330s to support the carrier's capacity needs until its orders for the Airbus A350 and Boeing 787 were delivered whilst replacing its older Boeing 777s.[177] Used primarily on regional and medium-haul routes, Brisbane was the inaugural destination for the A330 on 30 March 2009.[178][179] In 2011, the airline committed to leasing an additional 15 aircraft.[180][181]

In January 2016, the airline confirmed its intention to eventually replace all A330s with A350s in a medium-range configuration.[182] On 15 May 2020, it was announced the remaining A330s would be fully retired earlier by 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[183][184]

In 1999, SIA made an order for five A340-500 with an option for five additional aircraft. The first aircraft was delivered on 15 October 2003.[185] In 2008, the airline re-configured its A340-500s from 64 business class[c] and 117 premium economy[d] seats to an all-business configuration with 100 seats.[186][187] The aircraft was used to launch non-stop flights from Singapore to both Los Angeles and Newark in 2004.[188] On 24 October 2012, it was announced that the A340-500s would be acquired by Airbus and would see the cessation of such non-stop flights in 2013.

Services[edit]

Cabins[edit]

Singapore Airlines original Suites cabin products. These seats have been completely withdrawn in 2020.

Singapore Airlines offers five classes of service – Suites, first class, business class, premium economy class, and economy class. Major upgrades to its cabin and in-flight service were announced on 17 October 2006,[189] constituting the first major overhaul in over eight years and costing the airline approximately S$570 million.[190] Initially planned for the Airbus A380-800's introduction into service in 2006, and subsequently on the Boeing 777-300ER, the postponement of the first A380-800 delivery meant it had to be introduced with the launch of the first Boeing 777-300ER with the airline on 5 December 2006 between Singapore and Paris.[191][192]

On 9 July 2013, Singapore Airlines, in collaboration design firms James Park Associates and DesignworksUSA, released new cabin products for the first, business, and economy classes. They debutted on the carrier's new Boeing 777-300ERs delivered from 2013 onwards, with London's Heathrow Airport being their maiden route.[193] The product was later introduced on its Airbus A350s and extended to all its older Boeing 777-300ERs.[194]

On 2 November 2017, Singapore Airlines released new cabin products for the Airbus A380-800.[195] These new changes cost roughly S$1.16 billion and were rolled out in response to growing competition from Middle Eastern carriers such as Emirates, Etihad Airways and Qatar Airways.[195] The seating configuration in the new design consists of 6 suites and 78 business class seats on the upper deck, with 44 Premium Economy Class seats and 3-4-3 Economy Class seats on the lower deck.[196] The new changes were rolled out on the five new Airbus A380 aircraft that were delivered to Singapore Airlines, while the existing A380 fleet had these new products retrofitted until 2020.[196] Sydney was the first city served with the new product on 18 December 2017.

Business class[edit]

A Business Class seat on board one of Singapore Airlines' Boeing 777-300ERs, before being refitted with newer cabin products.
Singapore Airlines New Regional Business Class

The current version of the Business Class was unveiled on 9 July 2013 and is available on refitted Boeing B777-300ERs and the Airbus A350-900. Features include a power socket and ports all in one panel, stowage beside the seat, two new seating positions, arranged in a 1-2-1 configuration and an 18-inch in-flight entertainment screen. The seat has a recline of 132 degrees and can be folded into a 78 in (198.1 cm) length bed.[136]

Long haul business class is available on Airbus A380 and refitted Boeing 777-200ER aircraft, where a fully flat bed is available in a 1-2-1 configuration featuring 30 in (76 cm) of seat width.[197] These seats are forward-facing, in contrast to the herring-bone configuration used by several other airlines offering flat beds in business class.[198] The leather seats feature a 15.4 in (39.1 cm) diagonal screen-size personal television, in-seat power supply and two USB ports.[199] The product was voted the world's best business class by Skytrax in 2011.

On eight Airbus A380 aircraft, the first of which entered service in October 2011, Singapore Airlines dedicated the entire upper deck to the Business class cabin, unlike the original configuration's upper deck shared by 16 rows of business class and 11 rows of economy at the rear.[200]

Medium and short haul business class layouts are available on Airbus A330-300, Boeing 777-300 and all unrefitted Boeing 777-200 aircraft, configured in 2-2-2 layout and with iPod connectivity, only available in the A330. The Business Class seat is lie-flat at an eight-degree incline, featuring Krisworld on a 15.4-inch (39 cm) screen.[136][201]

On 28 March 2018, the new regional business class was unveiled following the delivery of the first Boeing 787-10. These new seats manufactured by Stelia Aerospace are arranged in a forward-facing 1-2-1 staggered configuration, providing every passenger direct aisle access. Each seat measures up to 26 in (66.0 cm) in width and can be reclined into a 76-inch (193.0 cm) fully flat bed. There are also adjustable dividers at the centre seats to provide passengers with a "customised level of privacy".[202][203][204][205]

Unveiled on 2 November 2017, the new A380 business-class seats were being progressively rolled out on the Airbus A380-800 fleet. There are 78 Business class seats on the aircraft, offered in a 1-2-1 configuration behind the Singapore Airlines Suites on the upper deck. The seats, designed by JPA Design and upholstered with Poltrona Frau grain leather, can be reclined into a fully flat bed.[206] There are also adjustable dividers between the centre seats that can either be fully raised, half raised or fully lowered. When the centre divider is fully lowered, the pair of centre seats directly behind each bulkhead can form double beds.[207] There is also an 18-inch (46 cm) touchscreen LCD TV and a panel containing power and USB port, as well as an NFC reader for contactless payments.[208]

Economy class[edit]

Singapore Airlines Regional Economy Seats

A redesign of the economy class seat was unveiled on 9 July 2013 alongside new first and business class products. Features include 32-inch (81 cm) of legroom, slimmer seats, an adjustable headrest, and an 11.1-inch (28 cm) touch-screen inflight entertainment system which is also controllable with a video touch-screen handset as well as brand new KrisWorld software. The new seats were originally announced to be available exclusively onboard factory-fresh Airbus A350-900 and refitted Boeing 777-300ER.[136]

The previous generation economy class seats on unrefitted Airbus A380-800, and Airbus A330-300 are 19 in (48 cm) wide, have in-seat power and have a 10.6-inch (27 cm) personal television screen which has a non-intrusive reading light under it, which can be used by folding the screen outwards.[209] These are configured 3-4-3 on the lower deck of the Airbus A380, 3-3-3 on the Boeing 777, and 2-4-2 on the Airbus A330, as well as the upper deck of the Airbus A380.[210] Other features include an independent cup-holder (separate from the fold-out table), a USB port, and a power socket, as well as an iPod port exclusively on board the Airbus A330.

Singapore Airlines introduced a similar design on board the Boeing 777 aircraft through its ongoing cabin retrofit program. The Boeing 777–300 was the first model to undergo refit and had introduced the product on the Singapore–Sydney route on 22 July 2009.[211] They are equipped with slightly smaller 9-inch screens (which are, however, larger than the 6.1-inch VGA screens on unrefitted aircraft) and AVOD in each seat. The seats are installed onboard all B777-200ERs and all but one B777-200.

Catering[edit]

An appetiser served in Singapore Airlines' Business Class.

Singapore Airlines offers a wide array of food options on each flight. Regional dishes are often served on their respective flights, such as the Kyo-Kaiseki, Shi Quan Shi Mei, and Shahi Thali meals are available for first-class passengers on flights to Japan, China and India, respectively.

SIA has also introduced a Popular Local Fare culinary programme offering local favourites to passengers in all classes flying from selected destinations. The dishes featured in this programme included Singaporean hawker fare such as Teochew porridge, bak chor mee, Hainanese chicken rice, Satay (meat skewers), etc. are also featured on certain routes.

They published a cookbook in 2010 titled, Above & Beyond: A Collection of Recipes from the Singapore Airlines Culinary Panel.[212][213][214]

Passengers in Suites, First and Business class may choose to use the "Book the Cook" service, where specific dishes may be selected in advance from a more extensive menu. Premium Economy class passengers may also choose to use the "Premium Economy Book the Cook". This service is only available on selected flights.[213]

In-flight entertainment[edit]

KrisWorld is Singapore Airlines' in-flight entertainment system, introduced in 1997 on Boeing 747–400, Airbus A310-300, Airbus A340-300 and Boeing 777–200 aircraft.[215] KrisFlyer overhauled Singapore Airlines' in-flight experience with a new, cheaper entertainment solution that would supersede the primitive Thales entertainment systems on offer at that time by Virgin Atlantic and the Emirates Google Doodle for its fifth anniversary.[216]

The original KrisWorld provided 14 movies, 36 television programmes, and 5 cartoons, as well as many Super NES games, KrisFone and fax, text news and flight path in all classes. The original KrisWorld was subsequently upgraded to feature Wisemen 3000, an audio and video-on-demand version of the KrisWorld system featured exclusively in First and Raffles Class cabins, then progressively introduced into Economy Class in 747 cabins and selected 777 cabins.[217]

In 2002, Singapore Airlines introduced a re-branding of the KrisWorld system. Named Enhanced KrisWorld, it featured additional movies, television programming, music and games, and was installed on Boeing 747-400 and selected Boeing 777-200 aircraft. Connexion by Boeing, an in-flight Internet service, was introduced in 2005. Live television streaming was proposed on Connexion, but this service was discontinued in December 2006. Since October 2005, Singapore Airlines has offered complimentary language lessons by Berlitz.[218] and, starting December 2005, live text-news feeds.[219]

In 2007, a new KrisWorld based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux was introduced, featuring a new interface, additional programming and audio and video on demand as standard. Widescreen personal video systems were installed in all cabins, including 23-inch LCD monitors in First Class, 15-inch monitors in Business Class, and 10.6-inch monitors in Economy Class.[220][221] The new KrisWorld is available on Airbus A330, Airbus A380 and Boeing 777-300ER. Features include,

The KrisWorld logo.

A $400 million new KrisWorld entertainment system was unveiled in 2012. This comes from a major deal with Panasonic Avionics, which will provide the latest Panasonic eX3 systems. The eX3 system features a larger screen with much higher resolution, wide touch-screen controllers, new software, and, above all, in-flight connectivity. Singapore Airlines launched its in-flight connectivity in August 2012. Passengers are now able to make phone calls, send text messages and access the Internet for a fee. The new eX3 systems are unveiled alongside the new cabin product and are available on the Airbus A350-900 and refitted B777-300ER aircraft. In-flight connectivity is offered on the aforementioned two aircraft as well as select Airbus A380s.[222]

Senior leadership[edit]

  • Chairman: Peter Seah Lim Huat (since January 2017)
  • Chief Executive: Goh Choon Phong (since January 2011)
  • Vice President: David Lau (since November 2023)[223]
  • Chief Financial Officer: Jo-Ann Tan (since June 2023)[224]

List of former chairmen[edit]

  1. J. Y. Pillay (1972–1996)
  2. Michael Fam Yue Onn (1997–2001)
  3. Koh Boon Hwee (2001–2005)
  4. Stephen Lee Ching Yen (2006–2016)

List of former chief executives[edit]

  1. Lim Chin Beng (1972–1982)
  2. Cheong Choong Kong (1984–2003)
  3. Chew Choon Seng (2003–2010)

Controversies[edit]

In February 2019, TechCrunch reported that the Singapore Airlines mobile app in the iOS App Store was using session-replay functionality to record users' activities and send the data to Israeli firm Glassbox without the users' informed consent, compromising users' privacy and contravening the rules of the iOS App Store.[225][226]

Accidents and incidents[edit]

A Singapore Airlines Boeing 747-400 (registered as 9V-SPK) in the Tropical livery. This aircraft was involved in the Singapore Airlines Flight 006 accident.
  • 13 July 1982 – A Boeing 747 operating as Singapore Airlines flight SQ-21A between Singapore and Melbourne flew into volcanic ash from erupting Galunggung volcano and experienced multiple engine failures. A two-engine emergency landing was made at Jakarta and all four engines were replaced.[227][228]
  • 26 March 1991 – Singapore Airlines Flight 117, an Airbus A310-300, was hijacked by militants en route from Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport to Singapore Changi International Airport, where it was stormed by the Singapore Special Operations Force. All hijackers were killed in the operation, with no fatalities amongst the passengers and crew.[229]
  • 31 October 2000 – Singapore Airlines Flight 006, a Boeing 747-400, attempted to take off on the wrong runway at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport (previously Chiang Kai-shek International Airport) while departing for Los Angeles International Airport. It collided with the construction equipment that was parked on a closed runway, killing 83 of the 179 onboard and injuring a further 71 people. This was the first and only fatal accident of a Singapore Airlines aircraft to date. The aircraft 9V-SPK was painted in a "Tropical" promotional livery at the time of the accident. The only other aircraft painted with the promotional livery, another 747-400 registered 9V-SPL, was immediately removed from service and repainted with standard Singapore Airlines livery.
  • 12 March 2003 – A Boeing 747-400 operating as Singapore Airlines Flight 286 from Auckland International Airport to Changi Airport was involved in a tailstrike while taking off from Auckland's Runway 23L, causing severe damage to the aircraft's tail and damaging the APU (Auxiliary Power Unit), causing in-flight APU fire warnings. The flight returned to Auckland with no fatalities or injuries on board. The cause was later determined to be an error in the pilots' calculations of the aircraft's takeoff weight and reference speeds, which caused the pilots to rotate the aircraft prematurely.
  • 27 June 2016 – Singapore Airlines Flight 368, a Boeing 777-300ER registered as 9V-SWB with 222 passengers and 19 crew on board, suffered an engine oil leak during a flight from Singapore to Milan. The oil-leak alarm was sounded above Malaysia, two hours into the flight. During the emergency landing at the point of origin, Singapore Changi Airport, the right engine caught fire, leading to the right-wing being engulfed in flames. The fire was extinguished within five minutes after the plane landed.[230] No injuries were reported.[231]
  • 28 September 2022 – A drunken passenger on board the Singapore Airlines Flight 33 from San Francisco to Singapore made bomb threats and also inappropriately touched other people. The Republic of Singapore Air Force scrambled their F-16 Fighting Falcons to escort the plane to Changi Airport where the airliner was searched and the threat was declared to be false thereafter.[232]
  • 25 October 2022 – A Boeing 777-300ER registered as 9V-SWH and operating as SQ 319 from London Heathrow Airport to Changi Airport in Singapore with 280 persons on board, diverted to Hang Nadim Airport in Batam due to adverse surface wind conditions and poor visibility caused by a thunderstorm over Singapore. As the aircraft approached Batam, the weather conditions had similarly deteriorated due to a thunderstorm over Batam and after three unsuccessful attempts at landing, the aircraft landed with a fuel quantity that was "significantly below" the final reserve fuel requirement of 3,024 kg.[e][234][235][236] There was no injury to any persons on board or any damage to the aircraft.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ from 2022 including Silk Air
  2. ^ a b passenger operations
  3. ^ Previously known as Raffles Class
  4. ^ Previously known as Executive Economy
  5. ^ Final reserve fuel is an amount of fuel calculated using the estimated mass of the aeroplane on arrival at the destination alternate aerodrome and in the case of a turbine engine aeroplane, is an amount of fuel sufficient for the aeroplane to fly for 30 minutes at holding speed at 450 m (1,500 ft) above aerodrome elevation in standard conditions.[233]

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