Luke Perry

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Luke Perry
Perry sitting behind a microphone
Perry at San Diego Comic-Con in 2018
Born
Coy Luther Perry III

(1966-10-11)October 11, 1966
DiedMarch 4, 2019(2019-03-04) (aged 52)
OccupationActor
Years active1981–2019
Spouse
Rachel Sharp
(m. 1993; div. 2003)
Children2, including Jack

Coy Luther "Luke" Perry III (October 11, 1966 – March 4, 2019) was an American actor. He became a teen idol for playing Dylan McKay on the Fox television series Beverly Hills, 90210 from 1990 to 1995, and again from 1998 to 2000. Perry also starred as Fred Andrews on the CW series Riverdale. He had guest roles on shows such as Criminal Minds, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, The Simpsons, and Will & Grace, as well as a recurring role voicing Rick Jones in The Incredible Hulk (1996–1997) from Marvel Comics, and also appeared in various films, including Buffy the Vampire Slayer (1992), 8 Seconds (1994), The Fifth Element (1997), The Final Storm, The Beat Beneath My Feet (2016), and Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (2019), which was his final feature performance.

Early life[edit]

Luke Perry was born on October 11, 1966, in Mansfield, Ohio,[1] the second of three children to Ann Perry, a homemaker, and Coy Luther Perry Jr., a steelworker.[1] He had an older brother, Thomas Perry, and a younger sister, Amy Coder (née Perry).[2] His parents divorced in 1972.[3] His father died of a heart attack in 1980.[4] Perry was raised in Fredericktown, Ohio, and played Freddie Bird, the school mascot for Fredericktown High School.[5]

Career[edit]

Beginnings[edit]

In 1984, Perry moved to Los Angeles shortly after high school to pursue acting.[4] He worked odd jobs, including for an asphalt paving company and in a doorknob factory.[6] He appeared in the 1985 music video of "Be Chrool to Your Scuel" for the band Twisted Sister. Perry had auditioned for 256 acting jobs before receiving his first acceptance in 1988.[7] After moving to New York, Perry's earliest roles were on daytime soap operas: one episode of Loving (1987–1988) and ten episodes of Another World (1988–1989).[8]

Rise to fame: Beverly Hills, 90210 era[edit]

In 1990, Perry got the role of the brooding millionaire's son Dylan McKay on Fox's teen drama Beverly Hills, 90210.[4] He originally auditioned for the role of Steve Sanders but lost to Ian Ziering.[9] With this role, Perry became a popular teen idol; a riot broke out when 10,000 teen girls attended an August 1991 autograph session at The Fashion Mall at Plantation, causing him to leave after 90 seconds.[10] While starring in 90210, Perry had a supporting role in the original film version of Joss Whedon's Buffy the Vampire Slayer (1992).[11] He also starred in Terminal Bliss in 1992,[12] and as Lane Frost in 8 Seconds in 1994.[13]

In an attempt to find more mature roles, he decided to leave Beverly Hills, 90210 in 1995. That year, he took a part in the Italian film Vacanze di Natale '95, playing himself. Although he announced that 90210 was behind him, his absence lasted for only three years, and he returned to the show in 1998. During this time, Perry starred in the independent film Normal Life opposite Ashley Judd[14] and starred in the science fiction television film Invasion (1997)[15] and Riot (1997), a drama about the 1992 Los Angeles riots.[16] He had a small role in Luc Besson's science fiction adventure film The Fifth Element (1997). In 1998, he returned to 90210, where he remained as a permanent special guest star through the show's final season in 2000.[5] In 1999, he starred in the film Storm.[citation needed]

He said of his role on Beverly Hills, 90210 as Dylan McKay, "I'm going to be linked with him until I die, but that's actually just fine. I created Dylan McKay. He's mine,"[17] but did not reprise his role in the spin-off. He stated: "When you're in the professional acting business, you have to look into all these offers, and I don't mean anything bad about it but creatively it's something I have done before and I don't know how it will benefit me if I do it again."[18] Perry said that the fact that the show's longtime producer Aaron Spelling was not involved in the revival was critical: "The difference between CW bringing something back and Aaron Spelling doing something is significant. And I cannot do it without Aaron."[19] However, Shannen Doherty, Jennie Garth, and Tori Spelling reprised their roles in the 2008 revival of the series.[citation needed]

Later work[edit]

From 2001 to 2002, he starred in the HBO prison drama Oz, as Reverend Jeremiah Cloutier.[20] From 2002 to 2004, he starred in the post-apocalyptic television series Jeremiah.[21] Perry went on to star in a 2002 television film called The Triangle.[22] In 2006, Perry co-starred in the ensemble drama series Windfall, about a group of friends who win the lottery. The series ran for 13 episodes during the summer of 2006 on NBC.[8] In 2007, he landed the role of Tommy "Santa" Santorelli on the film The Sandlot: Heading Home, and he appeared in the 2008 western A Gunfighter's Pledge.[23][24] Perry also appeared in the 2007 HBO series John from Cincinnati.[25] He also starred in the Swedish film Äntligen Midsommar (Finally Midsummer), which was released in the summer of 2009.[26]

Perry did considerable voice-over work for various animated series, usually playing himself. He played himself (as Krusty the Clown's half brother) in "Krusty Gets Kancelled", an episode of The Simpsons (1993).[27] He voiced himself in an episode of Johnny Bravo, giving Johnny dating advice after Johnny saved him from a stampede of fan girls. Perry parodied himself in "The Story on Page One", an episode of Family Guy, in which he sues Peter Griffin for calling him gay in a newspaper article.[28] His other voice work includes The Incredible Hulk as Rick Jones, Biker Mice from Mars (which also starred fellow 90210 co-star Ian Ziering), Mortal Kombat: Defenders of the Realm, and The Night of the Headless Horseman.[29][8]

Perry guest-starred as gay characters in the sitcoms Spin City (1997) and Will & Grace (2005); in the former, he appeared as Carter Heywood's ex-boyfriend who subsequently fell in love with a woman, and in the latter he played a birdwatcher who catches the eye of Jack McFarland.[30] In 2005, Perry was reunited with former 90210 co-star Jennie Garth when he guest-starred on What I Like About You in a loose parody of their 90210 characters' relationship.[31] In 2008, Perry guest-starred as rapist Noah Sibert in the season premiere of the television series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.[32] He also guest-starred as cult leader Benjamin Cyrus in an episode of Criminal Minds. In late 2009, Perry starred in The Killers' music video for their fourth annual Christmas single, "¡Happy Birthday Guadalupe!".[33]

The same year, Perry participated in Thomas Nelson's audio Bible production known as The Word of Promise. In this dramatized audio, Perry played both Saint Stephen and Judas Iscariot. The project also featured a large ensemble of other well-known Hollywood actors, including Jim Caviezel, Louis Gossett Jr., John Rhys-Davies, Jon Voight, Gary Sinise, Jason Alexander, Christopher McDonald, Marisa Tomei, Stacy Keach, and John Schneider.[34][35]

Perry appeared on Broadway in 2001 in a revival of The Rocky Horror Show, playing Brad Majors.[36] In 2004, he appeared in the London production of When Harry Met Sally ... as Harry, alongside Alyson Hannigan as Sally.[37] He played a con man/psychic in a second-season episode of Leverage in 2010,[38] and then appeared as the American version of Inspector Spacetime in an episode of Community in 2013, titled "Conventions of Space and Time".[39]

From 2017 until his death in 2019, Perry starred as Frederick "Fred" Andrews, Archie's father and owner of Andrews Construction, on The CW series Riverdale.[5] Starting with "Chapter Forty-Nine: Fire Walk with Me", the first episode to air following his death, all new episodes of the series for that season were dedicated to him.[40] At the time of his death on March 4, 2019, there were still four unaired episodes featuring Perry that would air in the remainder of Season 3. He played actor Wayne Maunder in the 2019 film Once Upon a Time in Hollywood, about 1960s Hollywood around the time of the Tate-LaBianca murders.[41] Directed by Quentin Tarantino, it was Perry's final film role.[citation needed]

Personal life[edit]

Perry married Rachel Minnie Sharp on November 20, 1993, in Beverly Hills.[42] They had two children, son Jack Perry (born June 16, 1997) and daughter Sophie Perry (born June 7, 2000), before separating in 2003.[43][44][45][46] Jack is a professional wrestler known by his ring name Jungle Boy in All Elite Wrestling.[47]

Perry became an advocate for colorectal cancer testing after undergoing a colonoscopy in 2015 that revealed pre-cancerous growths.[48] As a result of the scare, he created a will naming his children as the sole beneficiaries.[49] At the time of his death, Perry was engaged[50] to Wendy Madison Bauer.[51][52]

Death[edit]

Perry suffered a massive ischemic stroke at his home in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, on February 27, 2019. After a second stroke, his family decided to remove him from life support,[49] and he died on March 4, at age 52 at Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center in Burbank.[53] He was buried at the Perry Family Farm in VanLeer, Tennessee, where he had owned a home since 1995. Perry was buried in an eco-friendly mushroom burial suit which the manufacturer states is able to remove polluting toxins from the body while naturally breaking it down.[54]

In the aftermath of his death, the Reelz channel announced a documentary titled Luke Perry: In His Own Words.[55] As a result of his death, his Riverdale character Fred Andrews also died, and the fourth season premiere was a tribute episode dedicated to him and his character, featuring his Beverly Hills, 90210 co-star Shannen Doherty.[citation needed]

Filmography[edit]

Television[edit]

Year Title Role Notes
1982 Voyagers! Union Prisoner[56] Episode: "The Day the Rebs Took Lincoln"
1988 Loving Ned Bates[8] Unknown episode
1988–1989 Another World Kenny[57] 10 episodes
1990–1995;
1998–2000
Beverly Hills, 90210 Dylan McKay[57] 199 episodes
1993 Saturday Night Live Himself (host) Episode: "Luke Perry/Mick Jagger"
The Simpsons Himself[57] Voice, episode: "Krusty Gets Kancelled"
1994–1995 & 2007 Biker Mice from Mars Napoleon Brie[58] Voice, 7 episodes
1996 Mortal Kombat: Defenders of the Realm Sub-Zero[57] Voice, 13 episodes
1996–1997 The Incredible Hulk Rick Jones[57] Voice, 4 episodes
1997 Spin City[59] Spence[57] Episode: "Kiss Me, Stupid"
Riot Boomer[60] TV movie
Invasion Beau Stark[57]
1999 The Night of the Headless Horseman Brom Bones[60]
1999–2000 Pepper Ann Stewart Waldinger[29] Voice, 3 episodes
2000 Johnny Bravo Himself[29] Voice, episode: "Luke Perry's Guide to Love"
Family Guy Himself[28] Voice, episode: "The Story on Page One"
2001 Night Visions Dr. Michael Sears[61] Episode: "Now He's Coming Up the Stairs"
The Triangle Stu Sheridan[57] TV movie
2001–2002 Oz Rev. Jeremiah Cloutier[57] 10 episodes
2002 Johnson County War Harry Hammett[62] TV movie
2002–2004 Jeremiah Jeremiah[57] 35 episodes
2003 Clone High Ponce de León[57] Voice, episode: "Litter Kills - Literally"
2005 Will & Grace[59] Aaron Episode: “The Birds and the Bees”
What I Like About You Todd[57] 3 episodes
Descent Dr. Jake Rollins[63] TV movie
Supernova Dr. Chris Richardson[60]
2006 Windfall Peter Schaefer[57] 13 episodes
2007 John from Cincinnati Linc Stark[57] 10 episodes
2008 Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Noah Sibert[57] Episode: "Trials"
A Gunfighter's Pledge Matt Austin[23] TV movie
A Very Merry Daughter of the Bride Charlie[60]
2008;
2018
Criminal Minds Benjamin Cyrus[57] 2 episodes
2009 The Storm Stillman[57]
Angel and the Badman Laredo Stevens[60] TV movie
2010 Leverage Dalton Rand[57] Episode: "The Future Job"
Generator Rex Jacob[29] Voice, episode: "The Architect"
FCU: Fact Checkers Unit Luke[64] 8 episodes
2011 Pound Puppies Fang[65] Voice, episode: "Rebel Without a Collar"
Goodnight for Justice John Goodnight[60] TV movie
2012 Goodnight for Justice: The Measure of a Man John Goodnight[60]
Goodnight for Justice: Queen of Hearts John Goodnight[60]
Raising Hope Ghost of Arbor Day[57] Episode: "Arbor Daze"
2012–2013 Body of Proof CDC Officer Dr. Charlie Stafford[57] 5 episodes
2013 Community American Inspector Spacetime[57] Episode: "Conventions of Space and Time"
2014 Major Crimes Jon Worth[57] Episode: "Cutting Loose"
Hot in Cleveland Trevor[57] Episode: "The Bachelors"
2015 Welcome Home Stewart Paylor[60] TV movie
Jesse Stone: Lost in Paradise Richard Steele[66]
2016 Love in Paradise Avery Ford[60]
The Edge and Christian Show That Totally Reeks of Awesomeness Himself[67] Episode: "The 90s"
2017–2019 & 2021 Riverdale Fred Andrews[57] 46 episodes (Season 5 Ep 3: Archival footage)
2019 BH90210 Dylan McKay[68] (fragment in the pilot series)

Film[edit]

Year Title Role Notes
1991 Scorchers[6] Ray Ray
1992 Terminal Bliss[6] John Hunter
Buffy the Vampire Slayer[59] Oliver Pike
1994 8 Seconds[59] Lane Frost
1995 Vacanze di Natale '95 (Christmas Holidays '95) Himself[60]
1996 Normal Life Chris Anderson[57]
American Strays Johnny[57]
1997 The Fifth Element[59] Billy Masterson
Last Breath Martin Devoe[57]
1998 Indiscreet Michael Nash[57]
1999 The Heist Jack[60]
The Florentine Frankie[57]
Storm Dr. Ron Young[60] Direct to video
2000 Attention Shoppers Mark Pinnalore[57][60]
2001 The Enemy Dr. Michael Ashton[60]
Dirt Attorney[60]
2002 Fogbound Bob[69]
2003 Down the Barrel David[70] Direct to video
2005 Dishdogz Tony[71]
2007 The Sandlot: Heading Home Tommy "Santa" Santorelli[60] Direct to video
Alice Upside Down Ben McKinley[60]
2009 Äntligen midsommar! Sam[60]
Upstairs Ward Weaver[72]
Silent Venom Lt. Cmdr. James O'Neill[60] Direct to video
Sam Steele and the Junior Detective Agency The Cat[73]
2010 Redemption Road Boyd[60]
The Final Storm Silas Hendershot[60] Direct to video
Hanna's Gold Cole[74]
Good Intentions Chester Milford[60]
2013 Red Wing Carl Blanton[60]
Scoot and Kassie's Christmas Adventure Paul Stevenson[60]
2014 Beat Beneath My Feet Max Stone[60]
A Fine Step Cal Masterson
2015 Dudes & Dragons Lorash[60]
2018 The Griddle House Older Jack
2019 Once Upon a Time in Hollywood Wayne Maunder[60] Final film role; posthumous release; dedicated in memory

Music videos[edit]

Year Title Artist(s) Role Ref.
1985 "Be Chrool to Your Scuel" Twisted Sister Unknown [75]
2009 "¡Happy Birthday Guadalupe!" The Killers featuring Wild Light and Mariachi El Bronx The Cowboy [76]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b James Brady (June 25, 2006). "In Step With... Luke Perry". Parade. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  2. ^ McBride, Jessica (March 5, 2019). "Luke Perry's Family & Siblings: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know". Heavy.com. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  3. ^ Genzlinger, Neil; Harris, Elizabeth A. (March 4, 2019). "Luke Perry, 'Beverly Hills, 90210' Star, Is Dead at 52". The New York Times. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  4. ^ a b c "Luke Perry". Biography. Retrieved March 6, 2019.
  5. ^ a b c "Luke Perry Is Dead at 52". Vogue. March 4, 2019. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  6. ^ a b c Keller, Julia (November 8, 1990). "From the archives: A conversation with Ohioan Luke Perry, who stars in 'Beverly Hills' 90210". The Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the original on July 22, 2019. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  7. ^ Respers France, Lisa (March 4, 2019). "Luke Perry, star of 'Beverly Hills 90210' and 'Riverdale,' dead at 52". CNN. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  8. ^ a b c d Elliott, Megan (March 4, 2019). "Remembering Luke Perry: Photos from the Actor's Career Before '90210'". CheatSheet. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  9. ^ "How Beverly Hills, 90210 Made Luke Perry a Brooding Heartthrob for the Ages". E!. March 4, 2019. Retrieved May 6, 2019.
  10. ^ Delgado, Berta; Doup, Liz (August 11, 1991). "Melee at the Broward mall: 20 injured during surge for heartthrob Luke Perry | From the archives". Sun-Sentinel. Archived from the original on March 5, 2019. Retrieved March 4, 2019. Alt URL
  11. ^ Volmers, Eric (March 20, 2015). "Calgary Comic Expo: Luke Perry talks about Buffy the Vampire Slayer". Calgary Herald. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  12. ^ Hunter, Stephen (March 10, 1992). "Luke Perry gropes for 'Terminal Bliss'". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  13. ^ Mooney, Thomas (March 4, 2019). "How Luke Perry's Rodeo Movie '8 Seconds' Illuminated Life Outside the 90210". Rolling Stone. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  14. ^ "Normal Life (1996)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  15. ^ "Invasion (1997)". All Movie. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  16. ^ "Riot in the Streets (1997)". All Movie. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
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  18. ^ "Luke Perry Holding Firm with His 9021-'No'". TV Guide. September 18, 2008. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  19. ^ Fisher, Luchina (August 19, 2010). "'Beverly Hills, 90210': Where Are They Now?". abcnews.go.com. ABC News. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  20. ^ Edgerton, Gary R.; Jones, Jeffery P. (2013). The Essential HBO Reader. University Press of Kentucky. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-8131-4372-9. Retrieved March 5, 2019 – via Google Books.
  21. ^ Garcia, Frank; Phillips, Mark (2013). Science Fiction Television Series, 1990-2004:Histories, Casts and Credits for 58 Shows. McFarland & Company. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-7864-9183-4. Retrieved March 5, 2019 – via Google Books.
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  23. ^ a b "The Pledge (2008)". AllMovie. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  24. ^ "The Sandlot: Heading Home". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  25. ^ Lowry, Brian (June 6, 2007). "John From Cincinnati". Variety. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  26. ^ Oz-Gun, Theresa (October 1, 2009). "Luke Perry: from 90s teen hearthrob to Swedish film star". The Local. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  27. ^ "A Star is Burns / 4 Jan 2010 2:43 PM PST Top 25 Simpsons Guest Appearances". IGN. January 4, 2010. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  28. ^ a b "The Story on Page One". TV.com. Archived from the original on May 5, 2019. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  29. ^ a b c d "Luke Perry". Behind the voice actors. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  30. ^ "'Riverdale' star Luke Perry has died at the age of 52". Attitude.co.uk. March 5, 2019. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  31. ^ "What I Like About You". TV.com. Archived from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  32. ^ "Luke Perry to Guest on "Law & Order: SVU"". The Insider. July 30, 2008. Archived from the original on July 31, 2009. Retrieved May 20, 2009.
  33. ^ "Happy Birthday Guadalupe". Song Facts. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  34. ^ "The Word of Promise: Cast". Thomas Nelson Publishers. Archived from the original on January 20, 2019. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  35. ^ "BELIEFS: Stars lined up for elaborate audio Bible : Michael York, Jason Alexander and many others gave voice to a 79-CD reading of Old and New Testaments". Los Angeles Times. November 16, 2009. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  36. ^ Silverman, Stephen M. (June 29, 2001). "From 90210 to 10036: Perry on B'way". People. New York City: Meredith Corporation. Retrieved July 1, 2007.
  37. ^ Hansford, Anne; Silverman, Stephen M. (January 8, 2004). "Hannigan Orgasmic over New Stage Role". People. Archived from the original on October 1, 2007. Retrieved July 1, 2007.
  38. ^ Dawidziak, Mark (January 29, 2010). "Mansfield native Luke Perry guest stars on TNT's 'Leverage'". The Plain Dealer. Retrieved March 5, 2019 – via Cleveland.com.
  39. ^ Hughes, Jason (February 22, 2013). "'Community' Stages '90210' Reunion As Luke Perry And Jennie Garth Star In Pierce's Version Of 'Inspector Spacetime' (VIDEO)". HuffPost. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  40. ^ Aguirre-Sacasa, Roberto [@writerRAS] (March 6, 2019). "Going through pictures on my way to set. From the early days. With Luke in the middle. Our heart, always. Tonight's episode of #Riverdale⁠ ⁠finds Fred doing what he does best--helping Archie. It is dedicated to Luke, as all episodes will be for the rest of our run. 💔❤️🏆" (Tweet). Retrieved March 7, 2019 – via Twitter.
  41. ^ "Luke Perry's final role will be in Quentin Tarantino's 'Once Upon a Time in Hollywood'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
  42. ^ Gliatto, Tom (December 6, 1993). "The Luke of Love". People. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  43. ^ "Luke Perry: Splitsville, 90210". E!. May 4, 2003.
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  46. ^ Vivinetto, Gina (March 3, 2017). "Luke Perry reveals why he'd never let his daughter date Dylan McKay". Today. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  47. ^ "Luke Perry Supports His Son Jungle Boy at Wrestling Match". E!. January 17, 2017.
  48. ^ Carlton, Lindsay (March 17, 2017). "'90210' actor Luke Perry opens up about 2015 cancer scare". Fox News.
  49. ^ a b Mayoras, Danielle and Andy. "Luke Perry Protected His Family With Estate Planning". Forbes. Retrieved March 8, 2019.
  50. ^ "Luke Perry was secretly engaged before his death: Who is his fiancée, Wendy?". AOL. March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
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  53. ^ Thorne, Will (March 4, 2019). "Luke Perry, '90210' and 'Riverdale' Star, Dies at 52". Variety. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  54. ^ "Would you get buried in a mushroom suit like Luke Perry?". BBC News. May 6, 2019. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
  55. ^ "Luke Perry: In His Own Words". REELZChannel. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
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  59. ^ a b c d e Hogan, Kate; Dodd, Sophie (March 1, 2019). "From Katherine Helmond to Carol Channing: Remembering the Stars We've Lost in 2019". People. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
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  62. ^ "Johnson County War". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  63. ^ "Descent (2005)". AllMovie. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  64. ^ "Luke Perry on 'FCU: Fact Checkers Unit'". Hollywood News. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  65. ^ "Luke Perry Dead: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know". Heavy. March 4, 2019. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  66. ^ "Jesse Stone: Lost in Paradise (2015)". AllMovie. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  67. ^ Middleton, Marc (February 29, 2016). "WWE Fans Leave Before Show Ends, 90210 Star On Edge And Christian's Show, Stephanie McMahon Workout". Wrestling Inc. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  68. ^ Bradley, Laura (August 8, 2019). "How 90210 Crafted Its "Commemorative" Luke Perry Tribute". Vanity Fair. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
  69. ^ Russell, Jamie. "Fogbound (2003)". BBC Online. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  70. ^ "Down the Barrel". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  71. ^ "Dishdogz". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  72. ^ "Upstairs 2009". Filmow. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  73. ^ "Sam Steele and the Junior Detective Agency". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  74. ^ "Hanna's Gold". Barnes & Noble. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  75. ^ [1]: "Twisted Sister - Be Chrool To Your Scuel (Official Music Video)". YouTube.
  76. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "The Killers – ¡Happy Birthday Guadalupe! ft. Wild Light, Mariachi El Bronx". YouTube. Retrieved October 10, 2018.

External links[edit]