File:Luso Tamil Catechism Lisbon 1554.JPG

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English: A page from Luso-Tamil Catechism (Cartilha or Primer) printed in Lisbon in 1554 CE. It is a bilingual work with Tamil and Portuguese phrases - both printed in Roman script. This is the earliest known printed work of Tamil (though in roman script). The books is 38 pages long with Tamil phrases in Red followed immediately by Portuguese translations printed in black (in smaller font). Authors of the book were Tamil Christians living in Lisbon - Vincente de Nazareth, Thome da Cruz and Jorge Carvalho(?). They were supervised by Father Joao Villa de Conde. The single surviving copy of the book is at the Ethnological Museum at Belem,

The title of the book reads Cartilho che conte brevemente ho q todo christavo deve aprender pera sua saluacum, a qual el rey dom joham terceiro deste nome nosso senhor mandou imprimir e lingua Tamul e Portugues co ha declaracum do Tamul por Cima de vermelho (Primer which contains in brief all that a Christian should know for his salvation and for which our lord, the king Dom John III, had ordered to be printed in the Tamil language and in Portuguese with the Tamil meaning printed above in red.)

This book was rediscovered by Fr. Xavier Thaninayagam in the 1950s.
Date
Source Achchum Padhippum by Ma. Sa. Sambandhan 1980
Author Unknown authorUnknown author
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Public domain
This work is in the public domain in India because its term of copyright has expired.

The Indian Copyright Act applies in India to works first published in India. According to the Indian Copyright Act, 1957, as amended up to Act No. 27 of 2012 (Chapter V, Section 25):

  • Anonymous works, photographs, cinematographic works, sound recordings, government works, and works of corporate authorship or of international organizations enter the public domain 60 years after the date on which they were first published, counted from the beginning of the following calendar year (i.e. as of 2024, works published prior to 1 January 1964 are considered public domain).
  • Posthumous works (other than those above) enter the public domain after 60 years from publication date, counted from the beginning of the following calendar year.
  • Any kind of work other than the above enters the public domain 60 years after the author's death (or in the case of a multi-author work, the death of the last surviving author), counted from the beginning of the following calendar year.
  • Text of laws, judicial opinions, and other government reports are free from copyright.
The Indian Copyright Act, 1957 is not retroactive, so any work in which copyright did not subsist when it commenced did not have its copyright restored, and is in the public domain per the Copyright Act 1911.

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Public domain
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1929.
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2 February 1554

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current14:23, 12 June 2010Thumbnail for version as of 14:23, 12 June 20102,376 × 1,665 (608 KB)Sodabottle{{Information |Description={{en|1=Luso-Tamil Catechism printed in Lisbon in 1556 CE. It is a bilingual work with Tamil and Portuguese phrases - both printed in Roman script. This is the earliest known printed work of Tamil (though in roman script). Tamil
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