Westmere (microarchitecture)

Westmere
	Intel Core i7-970
General information
Launched	January 7, 2010; 14 years ago
Performance
Max. CPU clock rate	1.06 GHz to 3.46 GHz
QPI speeds	4.80 GT/s to 6.40 GT/s
DMI speeds	2.50 GT/s
Cache
L1 cache	64 KB per core
L2 cache	256 KB per core
L3 cache	2 MB to 30 MB shared
Architecture and classification
Microarchitecture	Nehalem
Instruction set	x86-16, IA-32, x86-64
Extensions	AES-NI, CLMUL; MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4, SSE4.1, SSE4.2; VT-x, VT-d;
Physical specifications
Transistors	382M to 2600M 32nm;
Cores	2-6 (4-10 Xeon);
GPU(s)	533 MHz to 900 MHz; 177M 45nm (K0)
Socket(s)	LGA 1156; LGA 1366; LGA 1567; rPGA988A;
Products, models, variants
Model(s)	Core in, Xeon;
History
Predecessor(s)	Nehalem
Successor(s)	Sandy Bridge
Support status
	Unsupported

Westmere (formerly Nehalem-C) is the code name given to the 32 nm die shrink of Nehalem. While sharing the same CPU sockets, Westmere included Intel HD Graphics, while Nehalem did not.

The first Westmere-based processors were launched on January 7, 2010, by Intel Corporation.

The Westmere architecture has been available under the Intel brands of Core i3, Core i5, Core i7, Pentium, Celeron and Xeon.

Technology[edit]

Westmere's feature improvements from Nehalem, as reported:

Native six-core (Gulftown) and ten-core (Westmere-EX) processors.^[1]
A new set of instructions that gives over 3x the encryption and decryption rate of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) processes compared to before.^[2]
- Delivers seven new instructions (AES instruction set or AES-NI), out of which six implement the AES algorithm, and PCLMULQDQ (see CLMUL instruction set) implements carry-less multiplication for use in cryptography and data compression.^[3]
Integrated graphics, added into the processor package (dual core Arrandale and Clarkdale only).
Improved virtualization latency.^[4]
New virtualization capability: "VMX Unrestricted mode support," which allows 16-bit guests to run (real mode and big real mode).
Support for "Huge Pages" of 1 GB in size.

Translation lookaside buffer sizes ^[5]
Cache		Page Size
Name	Level	4 KB	2 MB	1 GB
DTLB	1st	64	32	—
ITLB	1st	128	7 / logical core	—
STLB	2nd	512	none	none

CPU variants[edit]

Processing Cores (Interface)	Process	Die Size	CPUID	Model	Stepping	Mobile	Desktop, UP Server	DP Server	MP Server
Ten-Core (Quad-channel)^[6]	32 nm	513 mm²	206F2	47	A2				Westmere-EX (80615)
Six-Core (Triple-Channel)	32 nm	248 mm²	206C0 (ES/QS), 206C1 (ES/QS), 206C2	44	A0, B0, B1		Gulftown (80613)	Westmere-EP (80614)
Dual-Core (Dual-Channel, PCIe, Graphics Core)	32 nm 45 nm	114 mm² +81 mm²	20652 20655	37	C2 K0	Arrandale (80617)	Clarkdale (80616)

Westmere CPUs[edit]

TDP includes the integrated GPU, if present.
Clarkdale processors feature 16 PCIe 2.0 lanes, which can be used in 1x16 or 2x8 configuration.
Clarkdale and Arrandale contain the 32 nm dual core processor Hillel and the 45 nm integrated graphics device Ironlake, and support switchable graphics.^[7]^[8]
Only certain higher-end CPUs support AES-NI and 1GB Huge Pages.

Server / Desktop processors[edit]

Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Socket	Processor Branding & model		Clock rate		Turbo	TDP	Interfaces		L3 cache	Release Date	Price
Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Socket	Processor Branding & model		Core	GPU	Turbo	TDP	Chipset	Memory	L3 cache	Release Date	Price
Westmere-EX^[9]	MP Server	10 (20)	LGA 1567	Xeon	E7-8870	2.4 GHz	—	Yes	130 W	4× QPI 6.4 GT/s	4× DDR3-1066	30 MB	2011-04-05^[10]	$4616
					E7-4870									$4394
					E7-2870									$4227
					E7-8867L	2.13 GHz			105 W					$4172
					E7-8860	2.26 GHz			130 W			24 MB		$4061
					E7-4860									$3838
					E7-2860									$3670
					E7-8850	2 GHz								$3059
					E7-4850									$2837
					E7-2850									$2558
		8 (8)			E7-8837	2.66 GHz								$2280
		8 (16)			E7-8830	2.13 GHz			105 W					$2280
					E7-4830									$2059
					E7-2830									$1779
					E7-4820	2 GHz				4× QPI 5.86 GT/s		18 MB		$1446
					E7-2820	2 GHz				4× QPI 5.86 GT/s				$1334
		6 (12)			E7-4807	1.86 GHz		No	95 W	4× QPI 4.8 GT/s	4× DDR3-800			$890
		6 (12)			E7-2803	1.73 GHz		No	105 W	4× QPI 4.8 GT/s	4× DDR3-800			$774
Westmere-EP	DP Server	2 (4)	LGA 1366	Xeon	X5698^[11]	4.4 GHz	—	No	130 W	2× QPI 6.4 GT/s	3× DDR3-1333	12 MB	Q1 2011	OEM
		6 (12)			X5690	3.46 GHz		Yes					2011-02-13	$1663
					X5680	3.33 GHz							2010-03-16	$1663
					X5679	3.2 GHz			115 W				2011-02-13	OEM
					X5675	3.06 GHz			95 W				2011-02-13	$1440
					X5670	2.93 GHz							2010-03-16	$1440
					X5660	2.8 GHz								$1219
					X5650	2.66 GHz								$996
					E5649	2.53 GHz			80 W	2× QPI 5.86 GT/s			2011-02-13	$774
					E5645	2.4 GHz			80 W				2010-03-16	$551
					L5645	2.4 GHz			60 W				2011-02-13	OEM
					L5640	2.26 GHz							2010-03-16	$996
					L5639	2.13 GHz							2011-02-13	OEM
					L5638	2.0 GHz							2010-03-16	$958
		4 (8)			X5687	3.6 GHz			130 W	2× QPI 6.4 GT/s			2011-02-13	$1663
					X5677	3.46 GHz			130 W				2010-03-16	$1663
					X5672	3.2 GHz			95 W				2011-02-13	$1440
					X5667	3.06 GHz			95 W				2010-03-16	$1440
					X5647	2.93 GHz			130 W	2× QPI 5.86 GT/s	3× DDR3-1066		2011-02-13	$774
					E5640	2.66 GHz			80 W				2010-03-16	$774
					E5630	2.53 GHz								$551
					E5620	2.4 GHz								$387
					L5630	2.13 GHz			40 W					$551
					L5618	1.86 GHz								$530
		4 (4)			L5609	1.86 GHz		No		2× QPI 4.8 GT/s				$440
					E5607	2.26 GHz			80 W			8 MB	2011-02-13	$276
					E5606	2.13 GHz						8 MB		$219
					E5603	1.6 GHz						4 MB		$188
Gulftown^[12]	UP Server	6 (12)		Xeon	W3690	3.46 GHz	—	Yes	130 W	1× QPI 6.4 GT/s	3× DDR3-1333	12 MB	2011-02-13^[13]	$999
					W3680	3.33 GHz				1× QPI 6.4 GT/s	3× DDR3-1333		2010-03-16^[14]	$999
					W3670	3.20 GHz				1× QPI 4.8 GT/s	3× DDR3-1066		2010-08-29	$885
	Extreme / Performance Desktop			Core i7 Extreme	990X	3.46 GHz				1× QPI 6.4 GT/s			2011-02-13	$999
				Core i7 Extreme	980X	3.33 GHz				1× QPI 6.4 GT/s			2010-03-16	$999
				Core i7	980	3.33 GHz				1× QPI 4.8 GT/s			2011-06-26	$583
				Core i7	970	3.20 GHz				1× QPI 4.8 GT/s			2010-07-17	$583
Clarkdale^[15]	UP Server	2 (4)	LGA 1156	Xeon	L3406	2.26 GHz	—	Yes	30 W	DMI	2× DDR3-1066	4 MB	2010-03-16	$189
	UP Server	2 (2)		Xeon	L3403	2.0 GHz	—		30 W		2× DDR3-1066		2010-10	OEM
	Mainstream / Value Desktop	2 (4)		Core i5	680	3.6 GHz	733 MHz		73 W		2× DDR3-1333		2010-04-18	$294
					670	3.46 GHz	733 MHz		73 W				2010-01-07	$284
					661	3.33 GHz	900 MHz		87 W					$196
					660	3.33 GHz	733 MHz		73 W					$196
					655K	3.2 GHz							2010-05-30	$216
					650	3.2 GHz							2010-01-07	$176
				Core i3	560	3.33 GHz		No					2010-08-29	$138
					550	3.20 GHz							2010-05-30	$138
					540	3.06 GHz							2010-01-07	$133
					530	2.93 GHz							2010-01-07	$113
		2 (2)		Pentium	G6960	2.93 GHz	533 MHz				2× DDR3-1066	3 MB	2011-01-09	$89
					G6951	2.8 GHz							Q3 2010	OEM
					G6950	2.8 GHz							2010-01-07	$87
				Celeron	G1101	2.26 GHz						2 MB	2010-01-07	$70
Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Socket	Processor Branding & model		Core	GPU	Turbo	TDP	Chipset	Memory	L3 cache	Release Date	Price
Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Socket	Processor Branding & model		Clock rate		Turbo	TDP	Interfaces		L3 cache	Release Date	Price

Mobile processors[edit]

Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Processor Branding & Model		CPU Clock rate		GPU Clock rate	Turbo	TDP	Memory	L3 cache	Interface	Release Date	Price
Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Processor Branding & Model		Standard	Turbo (1C/2C active cores )	GPU Clock rate	Turbo	TDP	Memory	L3 cache	Interface	Release Date	Price
Arrandale	Mainstream / Value Mobile	2 (4)	Core i7	640M	2.8 GHz	3.46/3.2 GHz	766 MHz	Yes	35 W	2× DDR3-1066	4 MB	* DMI * PCIe 1 x16 * Socket: µPGA-988 / BGA-1288	2010-09-26	$346
				620M	2.66 GHz	3.33/3.06 GHz							2010-01-07	$332
				610E	2.53 GHz	3.2/2.93 GHz							2010-01-07	$332
				660LM	2.26 GHz	3.06/2.8 GHz	566 MHz		25 W				2010-09-26	$346
				640LM	2.13 GHz	2.93/2.66 GHz							2010-01-07	$332
				620LM / 620LE	2.0 GHz	2.8/2.53 GHz							2010-01-07	$300
				680UM	1.46 GHz	2.53/2.16 GHz	500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-09-26	$317
				660UM / 660UE	1.33 GHz	2.4/2.0 GHz							2010-05-25	$317
				640UM	1.2 GHz	2.26/1.86 GHz							2010-01-07	$305
				620UM / 620UE	1.06 GHz	2.13/1.76 GHz							2010-01-07	$278
			Core i5	580M	2.66 GHz	3.33/2.93 GHz	766 MHz		35 W	2× DDR3-1066	3 MB		2010-09-26	$266
				560M	2.66 GHz	3.2/2.93 GHz							2010-09-26	$225
				540M	2.53 GHz	3.06/2.8 GHz							2010-01-07	$257
				520M / 520E	2.4 GHz	2.93/2.66 GHz							2010-01-07	$225
				560UM	1.33 GHz	2.13/1.86 GHz	500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-09-26	$250
				540UM	1.2 GHz	2.0/1.73 GHz							2010-05-25	$250
				520UM	1.06 GHz	1.86/1.6 GHz							2010-01-07	$241
				480M	2.66 GHz	2.93/2.93 GHz	766 MHz		35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2011-01-09	OEM
				460M	2.53 GHz	2.8/2.8 GHz							2010-09-26
				450M	2.4 GHz	2.66/2.66 GHz							2010-06-26
				430M	2.26 GHz	2.53/2.53 GHz							2010-01-07
				470UM	1.33 GHz	1.86/1.6 GHz	500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-10-01
				430UM	1.2 GHz	1.73/1.46 GHz	500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-05-25
			Core i3	390M	2.66 GHz	n/a	667 MHz	No	35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2011-01-09
				380M	2.53 GHz								2010-09-26
				370M	2.4 GHz								2010-06-20
				350M	2.26 GHz								2010-01-07
				330M / 330E	2.13 GHz								2010-01-07
				380UM	1.33 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-10-01
				330UM	1.2 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-05-25
		2 (2)	Pentium	P6300	2.26 GHz		667 MHz		35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2011-01-09
				P6200	2.13 GHz								2010-09-26
				P6100	2.0 GHz								2010-09-26
				P6000	1.86 GHz								2010-06-20
				U5600	1.33 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2011-01-09
				U5400	1.2 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-05-25
			Celeron	P4600	2.0 GHz		667 MHz		35 W	2× DDR3-1066	2 MB		2010-09-26	$86
				P4500 / P4505	1.86 GHz		667 MHz		35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2010-03-28	OEM
				U3600	1.2 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2011-01-09	$134
				U3400 / U3405	1.06 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800 / 1066			2010-05-25	OEM

Roadmap[edit]

The successor to Nehalem and Westmere is Sandy Bridge.

References[edit]

^ Valich, Theo (2009-04-16). "Intel says no to 28nm, focuses on 22nm: Ivy Bridge/Haswell & Larrabee". Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 23 March 2015.
^ Smalley, Tim (2007-09-19), Westmere is Nehalem's successor, bit-tech.net
^ Carry-Less Multiplication and Its Usage for Computing The GCM Mode – Intel Software Network, 2008-04-11, retrieved 2009-03-01
^ Fuad Abazovic (2008-09-16), Westmere 32nm to improve Nehalem features, Fudzilla.com, retrieved 2009-03-01
^ "Intel® Developer Zone" (PDF). Retrieved January 16, 2013.^{[dead link]}
^ "Westmere-EX 10 core CPUs announced by Intel at IDF". TweakTown. September 14, 2010.
^ Bell, Brandon (2009-02-10), Intel CPU Roadmap 2009–2010, FS Media, Inc, retrieved 2009-03-01
^ CPU list, archived from the original on 2012-03-01
^ Westmere-EX: Intel Improves their Xeon Flagship
^ Intel Launches New Xeon Chips with Up to Ten Cores, archived from the original on 2012-07-17, retrieved 2012-08-20
^ Hilbert Hagedoorn (March 15, 2011). "Intel ships a 4.4GHz Xeon X5698". The Guru of 3D.
^ Intel pushes workhorse Xeons to six cores
^ Intel Xeon X5690 - AT80614005913AB (BX80614X5690)
^ Intel Launches Its Most Secure Data Center Processor, archived from the original on 2011-09-29, retrieved 2018-11-18
^ Intel Clarkdale Processor, XTREVIEW, 2009-02-09, retrieved 2009-03-01

External links[edit]

[1] Valich, Theo (2009-04-16). "Intel says no to 28nm, focuses on 22nm: Ivy Bridge/Haswell & Larrabee". Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 23 March 2015.

[bit-tech-070919-2] Smalley, Tim (2007-09-19), Westmere is Nehalem's successor, bit-tech.net

[url_Intel_Carry-Less_Multiplication-3] Carry-Less Multiplication and Its Usage for Computing The GCM Mode – Intel Software Network, 2008-04-11, retrieved 2009-03-01

[Fudzilla9448-4] Fuad Abazovic (2008-09-16), Westmere 32nm to improve Nehalem features, Fudzilla.com, retrieved 2009-03-01

[5] "Intel® Developer Zone" (PDF). Retrieved January 16, 2013.^{[dead link]}

[tweaktown_09_14_2010-6] "Westmere-EX 10 core CPUs announced by Intel at IDF". TweakTown. September 14, 2010.

[FS-7] Bell, Brandon (2009-02-10), Intel CPU Roadmap 2009–2010, FS Media, Inc, retrieved 2009-03-01

[HWInfo_CPU_list-8] CPU list, archived from the original on 2012-03-01

[9] Westmere-EX: Intel Improves their Xeon Flagship

[10] Intel Launches New Xeon Chips with Up to Ten Cores, archived from the original on 2012-07-17, retrieved 2012-08-20

[11] Hilbert Hagedoorn (March 15, 2011). "Intel ships a 4.4GHz Xeon X5698". The Guru of 3D.

[12] Intel pushes workhorse Xeons to six cores

[13] Intel Xeon X5690 - AT80614005913AB (BX80614X5690)

[14] Intel Launches Its Most Secure Data Center Processor, archived from the original on 2011-09-29, retrieved 2018-11-18

[15] Intel Clarkdale Processor, XTREVIEW, 2009-02-09, retrieved 2009-03-01

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