Robert Cawthome

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Major General
Robert Cawthome
2nd Director-General of Inter-Services Intelligence
In office
1950–1959
Preceded bySyed Shahid Hamid
Succeeded byRiaz Hussain
Personal details
Born
Robert Cawthome

Australia
DiedEngland
NationalityPakistani
Military service
Allegiance United Kingdom
 Pakistan
Branch/service British Army
 Pakistan Army
Years of service1947-1950
Rank Major-General
CommandsDirector-General of the Inter-Services Intelligence
Chief of Staff
Battles/warsWorld War II
Indo-Pakistani War of 1947

Robert Cawthome (Urdu: رابرٹ کوتھوم‎) was the co-founder of Pakistans' Inter-Services Intelligence agency (ISI) and founder of the Pakistan Army Corps of Signals. He served as two star Major-General in the Pakistan Army and set up the ISI to become its second Director General.[1][2]

Career[edit]

Robert Bill Cawthome was born in Australia and was a major general in the British Indian Army in the British India. After independence of Pakistan and India, he moved to Pakistan and joined the newly formed Pakistan army. He formed Pakistan Army Corps of Signals and served as the Deputy Chief of Staff in the army. Cawthome founded the Inter-Services Intelligence in 1948 along with Syed Shahid Hamid and some others after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948, which exposed weaknesses in intelligence gathering between the Pakistan Army, Air Force, Navy, Intelligence Bureau and Military Intelligence.[3] The policies of the agency were his brain-child. He was promoted to two star Major-General in the army. In 1950 he became Director-General of Inter-Services Intelligence succeeding Syed Shahid Hamid.[4][5][6] He was succeeded by Riaz Hussain in 1959. After his retirement, Cawthome moved back to the United Kingdom and lived there till his death.

References[edit]

  1. ^ "The turbulent History of the State within a State". The Telegraph India. February 28, 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-05-02. Retrieved 2013-04-14.
  2. ^ "Pakistan clips spy agency's wings". The Australian. July 28, 2008. Archived from the original on 2015-05-26. Retrieved 2013-04-14.
  3. ^ "Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2008-05-12.
  4. ^ Pike, John (2002-07-25). "Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI)". Federation of American Scientists. Archived from the original on 2013-02-18. Retrieved 2008-12-13.
  5. ^ Anwar Hussain Syed; Research Society of Pakistan (2007). Issues and realities of Pakistani politics. Research Society of Pakistan, University of the Punjab. ISBN 978-969-425-099-1. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
  6. ^ "ISI". Archived from the original on 2012-05-17. Retrieved 2013-04-14.
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