Peace makers
Peacemakers are individuals and organizations involved in peacemaking, often in countries affected by war, violent conflict, and political instability.[1] They engage in processes such as negotiation, mediation, conciliation, and arbitration—drawing on international law and norms.
Peacemaking[edit]
The objective is to move a violent conflict into non-violent dialogue, where differences are settled through conflict transformation processes or through the work of representative political institutions.[1]
Peacemaking can occur at different levels, sometimes referred to as tracks.[1] "High level" (governmental and international) peacemaking, involving direct talks between the leaders of conflicting parties, is sometimes thus referred to as Track 1.[2] Tracks 2 and 3 are said to involve dialogue at lower levels—often unofficially between groups, parties, and stakeholders to a violent conflict—as well as efforts to avoid violence by addressing its causes and deleterious results.[2] Peacemakers may be active in all three tracks, or in what is sometimes called multi-track diplomacy.[3]
Selected peacemaking organizations[edit]
Selected list of prominent inter-governmental and non-governmental peacemaking organizations:
- Centre for Conflict Resolution (South Africa)
- Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue (Switzerland)
- Center for Nonviolent Communication (international)[2]
- Christian Peacemaker Teams (roots in North America)
- Community of Sant'Egidio (Italy)
- Crisis Management Initiative (Finland)
- Intergovernmental Authority on Development (Djibouti)
- International Alert (United Kingdom)
- Initiatives of Change
- Organization of African Unity (Ethiopia)
- Responding to Conflict (United Kingdom)
- American Friends Service Committee, an arm of the Quakers[3]
- Quaker Peace & Social Witness (QPSW) the corresponding Quaker department in Britain[4]
- John Woolman College of Active Peace
- Reverend Sun Myung Moon of Universal Peace Federation
- Student Peacemakers
- Search for Common Ground (United States)
- swisspeace (Switzerland)
- The United Nations
- Borderless World Foundation
Famous peacemakers[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Lundgren, Magnus (2016). "Conflict management capabilities of peace-brokering international organizations, 1945–2010: A new dataset". Conflict Management and Peace Science. 33 (2): 198–223. doi:10.1177/0738894215572757. S2CID 156002204.
- ^ a b c Center for Nonviolent Communication
- ^ a b American Friends Service Committee
- ^ QPSW on the Quakers in the World website