Joe Hill Louis
Joe Hill Louis | |
|---|---|
 Louis c. 1950 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Lester Hill |
| Also known as |
|
| Born | September 23, 1921 Raines, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Died | August 5, 1957 (aged 35) Memphis, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Genres | Blues |
| Occupation(s) | Musician |
| Instrument(s) |
|
| Years active | 1940s–1957 |
| Labels | |
Lester Hill (September 23, 1921 – August 5, 1957), known professionally as Joe Hill Louis, was an American singer, guitarist, harmonica player and one-man band. He was one of a small number of one-man blues bands (along with fellow Memphis bluesman Doctor Ross) to have recorded commercially in the 1950s. He was also a session musician for Sun Records.
Life and career[edit]
Early life[edit]
Louis was born Lester (or possibly Leslie) Hill[3] on September 23, 1921,[4] in Raines, Tennessee, now part of Memphis.[5] His nickname "Joe Louis" arose as a result of a childhood fight with another youth.[3] At the age of 14 he left home to work as a servant for a wealthy Memphis family.[6] He also worked at the Peabody Hotel in Memphis in the late 1930s. From the early 1940s onwards he worked as a musician and one-man band.[4]
Recording and radio career[edit]
Louis made his recording debut on Columbia Records in 1949, and his music was released on a variety of labels through the 1950s, such as Modern, Checker, Meteor, and Big Town.[3] Louis also recorded for Sam Phillips' Sun Records,[3] both under his own name and as a backing musician for a wide variety of other singers.[6]
His most notable electric blues single, "Boogie in the Park" (recorded in July 1950 and released the following month), featured Louis performing "one of the loudest, most overdriven, and distorted guitar stomps ever recorded" while also playing a rudimentary drum kit. It was the only record released on Sam Phillips's early Phillips label before he founded Sun Records.[1] Louis's electric guitar playing is also considered a predecessor of heavy metal music.[7]
Another notable recording he made at Sun Records was as guitarist on Rufus Thomas's "Bear Cat", an answer record to Big Mama Thornton's "Hound Dog", which reached number 3 on the R&B chart[8] and resulted in legal action for copyright infringement. He also shared writing credit for the song "Tiger Man", which has been recorded by Thomas and Elvis Presley, among others. Around 1950 he took over the Pepticon Boy radio program on WDIA from B. B. King.[9] He was also known as "The Pepticon Boy" or "The Be-Bop Boy",[3] and recorded as "Chicago Sunny Boy" for Meteor Records in 1953.[10]
Death[edit]
Louis died on August 5, 1957, in John Gaston Hospital, in Memphis,[4] at the age of 35, of tetanus contracted as a result of an infected cut on his thumb, sustained while he was working as an odd job man.[6]
References[edit]
- ^ a b DeCurtis, Anthony (1992). Present Tense: Rock & Roll and Culture (4th ed.). Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. ISBN 0822312654.
His first venture, the Phillips label, issued only one known release, and it was one of the loudest, most overdriven, and distorted guitar stomps ever recorded, 'Boogie in the Park' by Memphis one-man-band Joe Hill Louis, who cranked his guitar while sitting and banging at a rudimentary drum kit.
- ^ Russell, Tony (1997). The Blues: From Robert Johnson to Robert Cray. Dubai: Carlton Books. p. 138. ISBN 1-85868-255-X.
- ^ a b c d e Dahl, Bill. "Joe Hill Louis | Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 2015-09-08.
- ^ a b c Harris, 1989, p. 337.
- ^ [1] Archived January 18, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c Turner, 1985, p. 24.
- ^ Miller, Jim (1980). The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll. New York: Rolling Stone. ISBN 0394513223. Retrieved 5 July 2012.
Black country bluesmen made raw, heavily amplified boogie records of their own, especially in Memphis, where guitarists like Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson (with the early Howlin' Wolf band) and Pat Hare (with Little Junior Parker) played driving rhythms and scorching, distorted solos that might be counted the distant ancestors of heavy metal.
- ^ Turner, 1985, p. 37.
- ^ Harris 1989, p. 337.
- ^ Inaba, Mitsutoshi (2016). John Lee "Sonny Boy" Williamson: The Blues Harmonica of Chicago's Bronzeville. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 184. ISBN 978-1-4422-5443-5.
Bibliography[edit]
- Harris, S. (1989). Blues Who's Who, 5th paperback edition. New York: Da Capo Press.
- Turner, B. (1985). "The Blues in Memphis". Album booklet for Sun Records: The Blues Years 1950–1956. London: Sun Records.
External links[edit]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Artists | |
| Other | |
- 1921 births
- 1957 deaths
- Memphis blues musicians
- American blues harmonica players
- American blues singers
- American blues guitarists
- American male guitarists
- African-American guitarists
- African-American rock musicians
- Musicians from Memphis, Tennessee
- Deaths from tetanus
- One-man bands
- Checker Records artists
- Columbia Records artists
- Sun Records artists
- Modern Records artists
- Meteor Records artists
- 20th-century American guitarists
- 20th-century African-American male singers
- 20th-century American male singers
- 20th-century American singers