Basilic vein

Basilic vein
Basilic vein
	Veins of the upper limb
	The most frequent variations of the veins of the forearm (schematic).
Details
Source	Dorsal venous network of hand
Drains to	Axillary vein, Median cubital vein
Identifiers
Latin	vena basilica
TA98	A12.3.08.018
TA2	4979
FMA	22908
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

The basilic vein is a large superficial vein of the upper limb that helps drain parts of the hand and forearm.^[1] It originates on the medial (ulnar) side of the dorsal venous network of the hand and travels up the base of the forearm, where its course is generally visible through the skin as it travels in the subcutaneous fat and fascia lying superficial to the muscles. The basilic vein terminates by uniting with the brachial veins to form the axillary vein.^{[citation needed]}

Anatomy[edit]

Course[edit]

As it ascends the medial side of the biceps in the arm proper (between the elbow and shoulder), the basilic vein normally perforates the brachial fascia (deep fascia) superior to the medial epicondyle, or even as high as mid-arm.^{[citation needed]}

Tributaries and anastomoses[edit]

Near the region anterior to the cubital fossa (in the bend of the elbow joint), the basilic vein usually communicates with the cephalic vein (the other large superficial vein of the upper extremity) via the median cubital vein. The layout of superficial veins in the forearm is highly variable from person to person, and there is a profuse network of unnamed superficial veins that the basilic vein communicates with.^{[citation needed]}

Around the inferior border of the teres major muscle and just proximal to the basilic vein's termination, the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral veins drain into it.^{[citation needed]}

Clinical significance[edit]

Venipuncture[edit]

Along with other superficial veins in the forearm, the basilic vein is an acceptable site for venipuncture. Nevertheless, IV nurses sometimes refer to the basilic vein as the "virgin vein", since with the arm typically supinated during phlebotomy the basilic vein below the elbow becomes awkward to access, and is therefore infrequently used.^{[citation needed]}

Venous grafts[edit]

Vascular surgeons sometimes utilize the basilic vein to create an AV (arteriovenous) fistula or AV graft for hemodialysis access in patients with kidney failure.^[2]

Additional images[edit]

Cross-section through the middle of upper arm
Cross-section through the middle of the forearm
Moderate-sized basilic vein of forearm (adult male): Estimated lumen diameter 6.5 mm. Anatomically typical branching pattern.
Basilic vein, muscular right forearm.
Basilic vein, right forearm (adolescent).

Dissection images
Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein Basilic vein

External links[edit]

Anatomy photo:07:st-0701 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Radiology image: UpperLimb:18VenoFo from Radiology Atlas at SUNY Downstate Medical Center (need to enable Java)
Illustration

References[edit]

^ Doyle, James R. (2003). Surgical anatomy of the hand and upper extremity. Michael J. Botte. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-397-51725-1. OCLC 421140820.
^ Kakkos, S. K.; Haddad, G. K.; Weaver, M. R.; Haddad, R. K.; Scully, M. M. (May 1, 2010). "Basilic Vein Transposition: What is the Optimal Technique?". European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. 39 (5): 612–619. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2010.01.006. ISSN 1078-5884.

[1] Doyle, James R. (2003). Surgical anatomy of the hand and upper extremity. Michael J. Botte. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-397-51725-1. OCLC 421140820.

[2] Kakkos, S. K.; Haddad, G. K.; Weaver, M. R.; Haddad, R. K.; Scully, M. M. (May 1, 2010). "Basilic Vein Transposition: What is the Optimal Technique?". European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. 39 (5): 612–619. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2010.01.006. ISSN 1078-5884.

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